درخت حوزه‌های تخصصی

Objective: The present study aimed to compare the effectiveness of Unified Transdiagnostic Treatment and the Compassion-Based Approach on suicidal ideation and spiritual well-being in women victims of domestic violence. Methods: This study is applied in terms of its purpose and quasi-experimental in nature and method, utilizing a pre-test, post-test, and two-month follow-up design with a control group. The study population comprised all women victims of domestic violence who sought help from social emergency centers and family counseling clinics in Tehran during the second half of 2023. The sample consisted of 51 participants who were selected through purposive sampling and randomly assigned to experimental and control groups. The first experimental group received an eight-session (90-minute each) Compassion-Based Therapy intervention program, while the second experimental group received a ten-session (60-minute each) Unified Transdiagnostic Treatment program at these centers. The control group did not receive any intervention. Data collection tools included the Violence Against Women Questionnaire by Haj-Yahya (2001), the Beck and Steer Suicidal Ideation Scale (1991), and the Spiritual Well-Being Scale by Paloutzian and Ellison (1982). The obtained data were analyzed using repeated measures analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) and Bonferroni post hoc test with SPSS 27 software. Findings: The study findings indicate that both Compassion-Based Therapy and Unified Transdiagnostic Treatment led to a reduction in suicidal ideation and an increase in spiritual well-being in the experimental groups. Additionally, considering the mean difference, Unified Transdiagnostic Treatment had a greater effect than the Compassion-Based Approach in reducing suicidal ideation and enhancing spiritual well-being (p < .05). Conclusion: Based on the findings of this study, Compassion-Based Therapy and Unified Transdiagnostic Treatment are effective approaches for improving spirituality and reducing suicidal ideation in women victims of domestic violence. Psychologists and family specialists are encouraged to utilize these findings to enhance the quality of family life.

  Objective: Nowadays, the excessive use of smartphones has become a major public health concern. In this context, a syndrome known as Fear of Missing Out (FoMO) has emerged, which is linked to various mental health issues. : This study aimed to examine the relationship between personality traits and Fear of Missing Out (FoMO) during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: This correlational study was conducted on a statistical population consisting of students from the University of Tabriz. A total of 337 students were selected through convenience sampling. Data were collected using the NEO Five-Factor Inventory and the FoMO scale, and analyzed using Pearson correlation analysis at a significance level of 0.05. Results: The findings revealed a significant positive correlation between FoMO and the personality traits of neuroticism, extraversion, openness to experience, and agreeableness (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Based on the results of this study, it can be concluded that personality traits serve as good predictors of Fear of Missing Out (FoMO).

  Objective: Interaction with classmates is a vital element that contributes to completing tasks and acquiring social skills in education. On the other hand, education, learning, and development are closely and reciprocally linked with culture in every society. Given Iran’s multicultural and multiethnic context, multicultural education can help reduce discrimination and enhance students' engagement and in-group interaction. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between multicultural education and academic engagement among students at Hakim Sabzevari University. Methods: The research method was descriptive-correlational. The statistical population included 8,199 students at Hakim Sabzevari University. Using random sampling and Morgan’s table, 390 students were selected as the sample. The Multicultural Education Questionnaire and the Academic Engagement Scale (AES) were administered. Data were analyzed using correlation methods and SPSS version 27 at a significance level of 0.05. Results: Findings indicated a significant relationship between multicultural education and academic engagement (p = 0.05). Conclusion: The results suggested that applying cooperative and participatory teaching methods and emphasizing social justice in multicultural education leads students to be more inclined toward group work, ultimately fostering educational and cultural development.

The present study aimed to evaluate the usability of serious games in increasing visual attention among children with high-functioning autism spectrum disorder (ASD). The research had a quasi-experimental design with a pre-test, post-test, and control group with a follow-up period. The statistical population consisted of elementary school students with autism in Tehran in 2024. Using a convenience sampling method, 20 children diagnosed with autism from a specialized autism school were randomly assigned to experimental and control groups. The experimental group participated in 20 sessions of serious game content through computer games but the control group received no interventions. Data were collected using the Visual-Auditory Integration Test before, after, and two months after the intervention. Repeated measures analysis of variance was used to analyze the data. The results indicated that serious games had a significant effect on the visual attention of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). These results suggest that serious games can improve visual attention in children with autism. Therefore, it is suggested to use such interventions to improve executive functions and academic performance in children with ASD.

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of a forgiveness-based intervention in enhancing marital commitment and restoring trust among married individuals experiencing relational distress. Methods: A randomized controlled trial was conducted with 30 married participants from Indonesia, randomly assigned to either an intervention group (n = 15) or a control group (n = 15). The intervention group received six structured forgiveness-based therapy sessions over six weeks, while the control group received no intervention. Standardized measures of marital commitment and trust were administered at three time points: pre-test, post-test, and five-month follow-up. Data were analyzed using repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Bonferroni post-hoc tests, with SPSS version 27. Findings: Results from repeated measures ANOVA revealed significant time × group interaction effects for marital commitment (F(2, 54) = 17.12, p < .001, η² = .39) and trust (F(2, 54) = 19.68, p < .001, η² = .42). Bonferroni post-hoc analyses indicated that both marital commitment and trust significantly increased from pre-test to post-test (p < .001) and were maintained at the five-month follow-up (p < .001), with no significant decline between post-test and follow-up (p > .05). Conclusion: The therapeutic gains were not only immediate but also sustained over time, supporting the use of structured forgiveness interventions in marital counseling settings. These findings highlight the potential of forgiveness as a valuable tool in relationship repair and emotional healing.

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) in reducing negative affect, improving emotional processing, and enhancing psychological hardiness in women experiencing domestic violence. Methods and Materials: A randomized controlled trial was conducted with 30 participants, divided equally into intervention and control groups. The intervention group underwent eight 90-minute ACT sessions over eight weeks, while the control group received no treatment. Outcomes were assessed at pre-intervention, post-intervention, and five-month follow-up stages using validated tools for Negative Affect, Emotional Processing, and Psychological Hardiness. Data were analyzed using repeated-measures ANOVA and Bonferroni post-hoc tests, with SPSS-27. Findings: Significant improvements were observed in the intervention group across all variables. For Negative Affect, mean scores decreased from 3.52 (SD = 0.45) at pre-intervention to 2.89 (SD = 0.39) post-intervention and 2.45 (SD = 0.33) at follow-up (F(1,28) = 30.19, p = 0.001, η² = 0.52). Emotional Processing scores increased from 3.20 (SD = 0.40) to 3.80 (SD = 0.37) post-intervention and 4.25 (SD = 0.31) at follow-up (F(1,28) = 34.38, p = 0.001, η² = 0.55). Psychological Hardiness improved from 3.15 (SD = 0.38) to 3.95 (SD = 0.35) post-intervention and 4.10 (SD = 0.32) at follow-up (F(1,28) = 36.57, p = 0.001, η² = 0.58). The control group showed minimal changes across all measures. Conclusion: ACT was highly effective in reducing negative affect, improving emotional processing, and enhancing psychological hardiness in women experiencing domestic violence. The results suggest that ACT is a valuable therapeutic approach for this population, with sustained benefits over time.

Personality as an individual factor is one way of describing human characteristics, usually referred to as a number of relatively stable behavioral traits or characteristics. This systematic review reviewed all related Iranian studies in international databases, including Google Scholar, PubMed, PsycINFO, Web of Science (ISI), Scopus, and national databases, including the Scientific Information Database (SID) and Magiran which was published between 2002 and 2024. The following keywords and combinations of them were used to search the databases: “personality characteristics” “life expectancy,” “quality of work life,” and “work-life balance”. Personality characteristics significantly influence various aspects of life, including life expectancy, quality of work life, and work-life balance. Research indicates that traits such as conscientiousness, neuroticism, and overall personality profiles can contribute to both individual and organizational outcomes. Personality traits, such as conscientiousness and emotional stability, significantly impact life expectancy, job satisfaction, and work-life balance by promoting healthier lifestyles and well-being. Understanding these influences can inform interventions to improve health outcomes and workplace dynamics.