درخت حوزه‌های تخصصی

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the predictive roles of co-parenting quality and parenting stress in relation to child behavioral adjustment among parents in Morocco. Methods: A correlational descriptive design was employed involving a sample of 396 parents selected based on Krejcie and Morgan’s sampling table. Participants completed three standardized instruments: the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL) to assess child behavioral problems, the Parenting Stress Index–Short Form (PSI-SF) to measure perceived parenting stress, and the Co-parenting Relationship Scale (CRS) to evaluate co-parenting quality. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 27. Pearson correlation coefficients were computed to examine the bivariate associations between the dependent variable and each independent variable. Multiple linear regression was then conducted to evaluate the joint predictive power of parenting stress and co-parenting quality on child behavioral adjustment, with all assumptions for regression analysis thoroughly checked and confirmed. Findings: Results showed a significant positive correlation between parenting stress and child behavioral problems (r = .56, p < .01), and a significant negative correlation between co-parenting quality and child behavioral problems (r = –.42, p < .01). Multiple regression analysis revealed that parenting stress (β = .48, t = 8.60, p < .01) and co-parenting quality (β = –.31, t = –6.75, p < .01) were both significant predictors of child behavioral adjustment. The overall model was significant (F(2, 393) = 129.72, p < .01), explaining 40% of the variance in child behavioral outcomes (R² = .40, Adjusted R² = .39). Conclusion: The findings highlight the critical roles of both relational and psychological parenting factors in child development. Interventions aiming to reduce parenting stress and enhance co-parenting quality may be effective in improving behavioral outcomes in children, especially in non-Western cultural contexts like Morocco.

Objective: This study aimed to examine the effects of schema-based and mindful parenting training on reducing sleep problems and aggression in children with mild autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Methods: The research utilized a quasi-experimental design with pretest-posttest measurements, a control group, and a one-month follow-up. The study population consisted of 7- to 12-year-old children with mild ASD and their mothers from autism centers in Mashhad, Iran. Forty children (20 boys and 20 girls) and their mothers were selected using purposive sampling and randomly assigned to two intervention groups (schema-based and mindful parenting) and one control group. Both intervention groups received 12 weekly 90-minute training sessions, while the control group received no intervention. Data were collected using the Aggression Questionnaire and the Children’s Sleep Habits Questionnaire and analyzed with SPSS software using one-way ANOVA and covariance analysis (ANCOVA). Findings: Results showed that both schema-based and mindful parenting interventions significantly reduced sleep problems and aggression in children with mild ASD. The schema-based parenting group exhibited notable improvements in child-parent interactions and a reduction in maladaptive behaviors, while the mindful parenting group demonstrated enhanced maternal acceptance, reduced parenting stress, and improved emotional understanding of the child. Post-intervention comparisons indicated significant differences between experimental and control groups, with both interventions yielding positive impacts on sleep quality and aggressive behaviors. Conclusion: The findings suggest that schema-based and mindful parenting approaches can be effective in addressing sleep disturbances and reducing aggressive behaviors in children with mild ASD.

Objective: The present study aimed to examine the effect of marital relationships on the tendency toward infidelity based on attachment behavior in married women. Methods: This study employed a descriptive-correlational design. The statistical population consisted of all married female students at the Islamic Azad University, Central Tehran Branch, during the 2023–2024 academic year. The sampling method was multi-stage cluster random sampling, and a sample of 200 individuals was selected. Data were collected using the Attitudes Toward Infidelity Scale (ATIS) (Whatley, 2008) and the Adult Attachment Style Questionnaire by Collins and Read (1990). Data analysis was conducted using descriptive statistics (mean, median, measures of dispersion including standard deviation, skewness, and kurtosis) and correlation tests. Findings: The results indicated that attachment behavior in marital relationships predicts the tendency toward infidelity in married women. Marital relationships have a direct effect on the tendency toward infidelity based on attachment behavior. Conclusion: This study confirms that marital relationship stability influences attachment behaviors, which in turn affect the tendency toward infidelity. Secure attachment reduces infidelity risk, while avoidant and ambivalent/anxious attachment increase it, highlighting attachment’s critical role.

Resilience is a psychological characteristic that enables individuals to return to their normal lives after experiencing adversity and stressful situations, thereby preventing feelings of failure and defeat in life. In medical communities, due to high-pressure job demands and environmental stressors, resilience is considered one of the most critical components of psychological well-being, closely linked to one’s professional role and job satisfaction. In this regard, the present study investigates the effect of the Five Major Personality Factors on resilience, with the mediating role of cognitive emotion regulation. The statistical population consisted of physicians working at Imam Reza Hospital in Tabriz during the second half of the 2024-2025 academic year. Following the acquisition of the ethics approval code (IR.IAU.TABRIZ.REC.14040.182) a sample of 384 individuals was selected based on Morgan's table through stratified random sampling with proportional allocation across four strata: internal medicine (male), internal medicine (female), neurology (male), and neurology (female), according to the actual distribution in the population. The participants completed the NEO Five-Factor Inventory (NEO-FFI; 1985), the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC; 2003), and the Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (CERQ; Garnefski & Kraaij, 2006). Data were analyzed using structural equation modeling (SEM) with partial least squares (PLS) in Smart PLS software. The results indicated that all of the Five Major Personality Factors, except for openness to experience and agreeableness, had a significant effect on resilience. Moreover, all personality traits except agreeableness significantly influenced resilience through the mediating variable of cognitive emotion regulation. Based on these findings, it can be concluded that individuals’ level of resilience is influenced by their personality traits and the factors affecting their emotion regulation.