درخت حوزه‌های تخصصی

Objective: The purpose of this current study is to develop and validate the educational package of wisdom and its effectiveness on the happiness and emotional intelligence of students this research is semi-experimental with a pre-test and post-test design with a control group. For this purpose, the wisdom training package was first designed and compiled based on theoretical principles and existing packages according to the target group and was approved by experts. Research Methodology: The statistical population was all undergraduate students of psychology at Azad University, Roudehen branch, in the academic year 2021-2022. Among them, 45 students were randomly replaced into two control and experimental groups. The research tools included the Oxford Happiness Questionnaire (1989) and the Bar-on Emotional Intelligence Questionnaire (1997). Then (22 people) from the control group and (23 people) from the experimental group were placed in a pre-test session During 8 sessions of 90 minutes, which were held 2 sessions a week, the students of the experimental group were taught the wisdom educational package, while there was no intervention for the control group. Findings: The results showed that the educational package of wisdom on happiness and emotional intelligence is significant at the level of 0.001. Conclusion: It can be concluded that wise people are receptive to new perspectives, they take emotions seriously because they know that emotions convey important information about a situation, and they feel satisfied with the smallest happiness.

Objective: The Present Study was Conducted to investigate the Mediating Role of Metacognitive Beliefs in the Relationship Between Family Communication Patterns and Perfectionism. The Current Research was a Correlational and Structural Equation Type. Methods: The Statistical Population of the Research Included All Male and Female Undergraduate, Master's and Doctoral Students at the University of Guilan who were Studying in 2022-2023. 204 People were Selected by Random Sampling Method and Answered the Perfectionism, Metacognitive Beliefs and Family Communication Patterns Questionnaires. Data Were Analyzed Using Structural Equation Modeling with SPSS-27 and SMART-PLS-3 Statistical Software. Results:The Results of Structural Equations Showed that the Fit of the Structural Model of the Family Communication Pattern with The Mediating Role of Metacognitive Beliefs on Perfectionism is Optimal so that Communication Orientation and Conformity Through Metacognitive Beliefs Have an Indirect Relationship with Perfectionism. Conclusion: According to the present study, the metacognitive beliefs of students are affected by the family communication pattern, which affects their perfectionism.

Aim: The present study was conducted with the aim of investigating the relationship between the uses of harmful smartphones and externalizing problems with the mediating role of self-control in a sample of self-harming teenagers. Methods: The research method was descriptive-correlation type. The statistical population of the study included all teenage boys and girls of Yazd city were between July and October in 2022-23 in Yazd, Iran. Researchers selected clinics based on convenience methods and randomly selected self-harming teenagers. The data collection tool were Cell Phone Addiction Scale (CAC), Self-control Questionnaire (CSQ), and Child Behavior Checklist (CBC). Results: The results showed that the use of harmful smartphones had a direct and significant effect on aggressive behavior among self-harming teenagers (β=0.387, P=0.001). Similarly, the use of harmful smartphones had a direct and significant effect on the law-breaking behavior among self-harming teenagers (β=0.297; P=0.022). Also, self-control had a negative and significant effect on aggressive behavior (β=-0.54; P<0.01). In addition, self-control had a negative and significant effect on law-breaking behavior (β=-0.497; P<0.01). In the end, the results of the research showed that self-control had a negative and significant mediating role in the relationship between the use of harmful smartphones and externalizing problems in self-harming teenagers. Conclusion: Findings from this research indicate that teenagers who demonstrate good self-control may experience fewer behavioral difficulties and have a reduced tendency to harm themselves, regardless of their harmful smartphone usage. Findings have emphasized that greater attention should be given to assisting teenagers in developing their self-control capabilities.

Aim: The present study aimed to compare the effectiveness of Mindfulness-Based Relationship Enhancement (MBRE) and Emotion Focused (EFT) therapies on marital satisfaction and intimacy in couples with low self-disclosure. Method: This research was a semi-experimental study with a pre-test, post-test, and follow-up design with experimental and control groups. The statistical population of the research included all the couples who referred to the counseling centers of Kermanshah, Iran, in 2022-2023 who had a low level of self-disclosure. 30 couples were selected by convenience sampling method and randomly replaced in two experimental and control groups. The first experimental group underwent MBRE (eight 90-minute couple sessions) and the second experimental group EFT intervention (nine 90-minute couple sessions). The control group did not receive any intervention. The Marital Self-Disclosure (Waring et al. 1998), the short form of the Marital Satisfaction (Favers and Olson, 1993) and the Intimacy (Walker and Thompson, 1983) scales were used for collecting the data. Results: The results of Analysis of Variance with repeated measures (Mixed Model) showed that both interventions increased marital satisfaction and intimacy (p<0.01) and this effect was maintained during the follow-up period. Also, findings indicated that there is a significant difference between MBRE and EFT therapies; MBRE has been more effective in increasing marital satisfaction and intimacy than EFT (p<0.05). Conclusion: MBRE has been more effective than the EFT on solving the marital satisfaction and intimacy due to the involvement of couples in mind-body relationship and mental self-awareness. Therefore, this treatment is suggested to marital counselors.

Objective: To investigate the effectiveness of developing a pre-marriage educational package based on the concepts of Sternberg's theory on love stories in single girls. Method: The current research is applied in terms of purpose, quasi-experimental in terms of research method, and pre-test-post-test with control group and follow-up stage in terms of research design. The statistical population of this research was made up of people who referred to Haft Sange Zendegi Educational Institute in 2023. Before conducting the training classes, both groups (including the intervention group and the control group) were evaluated with the research measurement tool. Then, for the intervention group, the film therapy program based on Sternberg's concepts was implemented in the amount of 25 sessions of two hours per hour. Results: According to the findings, the asymmetric story variable (P=0.861), thematic story variable (P<0.001), participatory story variable (P<0.001), narrative type story variable (P=0.863), genre story variable (P=0.976) There was no significant difference between the two experimental and control groups during the pre-test. Similarly, there was no significant difference between the two experimental and control groups during the pre-test (P=0.351), but there was a significant difference between the two post-test and follow-up periods between the control and experimental groups (P<0.001). However, there was no significant difference between post-test and follow-up in the thematic story variable (P=0.232). Likewise, there was no significant difference between the post-test and follow-up in the story variable (P=0.548). Conclusion: This study is unique in Iran as it involves premarital counseling based on movies.