درخت حوزه‌های تخصصی

Background: The modern increase in mechanical and sedentary lifestyles has led to a rise in musculoskeletal abnormalities within society. These physical irregularities may influence individual mental health.Aim: This study explores the correlation between upper body musculoskeletal abnormalities and mental health among female students at Payame Noor University, Bushehr.Material and Methods: A total of 173 female students were selected via convenience sampling for this cross-sectional study. The presence of scoliosis, forward head posture, kyphosis, and increased lordosis was assessed using a flexible ruler, the New York Test, a chessboard, and a scoliometer. Body mass index (BMI) and waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) were also measured. Participants completed the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-28). Statistical analysis was conducted using one-sample t-tests and Pearson’s correlation coefficient, with a significance threshold set at P< 0.05.Results: The findings indicated that lordosis was significantly more prevalent among students aged 15 to 24 (t=31.5, P= 0.001) and those aged 25 and above (t=57.3, P= 0.003), compared to societal norms. Other assessed abnormalities were within normal ranges. Mental health vulnerabilities were noted in specific domains; however, no significant correlation was found between mental health status and the physical abnormalities studied.Conclusion: While lordosis was notably more common among the study's participants than in the general population, the incidence of other musculoskeletal abnormalities aligned with societal averages. No substantial impact of these physical conditions on mental health was observed. It is advisable to integrate educational initiatives and corrective exercise programs into the curriculum for educators, coaches, and students to promote overall well-being.

Background: Caffeine is widely recognized as a potent ergogenic aid commonly used to enhance exercise performance and recovery. However, individual responses to caffeine can vary significantly, a variability that might be explained by genetic differences.Aim: This study aimed to investigate the influence of the CYP1A2 rs762551 SNP on the effects of caffeine (CAF) consumption on growth hormone (GH) and testosterone (TS) levels response to resistance exercise (RE) in male athletes.Materials and Methods: Thirty resistance-trained men (mean age 21.72±4.06 years, weight 77.31±14.07 kg, height 179.31±5.08 cm) participated in a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover study. They consumed either CAF (6 mg/kg) or placebo (PL; 6 mg/kg maltodextrin) one hour before performing a RE protocol including three sets with 85% of 1RM and two-minute rest. CYP1A2 genotyping categorized participants as AA homozygous ("fast" metabolizers) or AC heterozygous ("slow" metabolizers). GH and TS levels were measured by ELISA methods.Results: Repeated measures ANOVA showed significant differences in GH levels across time (F=10.94, P=0.000), with significant time-group (F=4.3, P=0.019) and time-genotype-group interactions (F=3.83, P=0.024). One-way ANOVA indicated significant differences in GH levels between CAF and PL conditions in AA individuals, but not in AC/CC genotypes. For testosterone, significant effects of time (F=14.88, P=0.000) and time-group interaction (F=3.197, P=0.045) were observed. Post-RE CAF supplementation significantly increased serum GH and TS levels in AA individuals compared to PL. Both CAF and PL groups showed increased serum hormone concentrations post-exercise.Conclusion: In conclusion, the study demonstrated that caffeine consumption significantly increased serum levels of growth hormone and testosterone in individuals with the AA genotype of the CYP1A2 rs762551 SNP. These findings suggest that genetic variations play a role in the hormonal response to caffeine, which may have implications for exercise performance and recovery strategies.