درخت حوزه‌های تخصصی

Objective: Extramarital relationships pose challenges to family life and can affect the mental health and well-being of family members. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the mediating role of sexual sensation seeking on marital infidelity, sexual performance, and sexual satisfaction in individuals with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Methods: The present research was conducted based on a correlation and structural equation design. Among all married individuals referring to counseling and psychological service centers in Qazvin in 2022, 216 were selected through purposive sampling and participated as subjects. Data were collected using the self-report scale of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, the Infidelity Scale, the Sexual Satisfaction Questionnaire, the Sexual Function Questionnaire, and the Kalichman and Rompa Questionnaire. Data analysis was performed using SPSS version 25, Smart PLS version 3.3, and structural equation modeling. Results: The results showed that the relationship between sexual performance and the mediating variable of sexual excitement (β=0.25, t=4.20), sexual satisfaction and the mediating variable of sexual excitement (β= 0.18, t=3.87), the relationship between sexual performance and extramarital relationships (β=0.12, t=3.17), the relationship between sexual satisfaction and extramarital relationships (β=0.20, t=3.53), and the relationship between sexual excitement and extramarital relationships (β=0.25, t=5.28) were significant. Conclusion: The results of the study showed that sexual satisfaction, sexual function, and sexual sensation seeking can predict attitudes toward marital infidelity. Therefore, it is necessary to provide this information to couples in premarital counseling so that they can discuss sexual problems with a marriage counselor and a sex therapist in couples and receive specialized counseling for treatment if needed, to prevent the tendency toward marital infidelity.

The present study aims to examine the mediating role of narcissism in the relationship between organizational commitment and job burnout among secondary school teachers in Zahedan. This research utilized a descriptive-correlational design. The study sample consisted of 213 teachers from elementary and secondary schools in Zahedan during the academic year 2024-2025, selected through multi-stage cluster sampling. Participants completed the Maslach and Jackson Burnout Inventory (1981), the Allen and Meyer Organizational Commitment Scale (1990), and the Ames Narcissistic Personality Inventory (NPI-16). The data were analysed using Pearson’s correlation coefficient and structural equation modelling. The results indicated that there was a significant positive relationship between organizational commitment and job burnout among secondary school teachers in Zahedan, with narcissism acting as a mediating variable. Narcissism serves as a mediator between organizational commitment and job burnout among teachers; therefore, increasing narcissism and enhancing organizational commitment are recommended as preventive measures against teacher burnout.

Objective: This study aimed to examine the mediating role of family cohesion in the relationship between family economic hardship and adolescent risk-taking. Methods and Materials: A descriptive correlational research design was employed with a sample of 520 adolescents recruited from secondary schools in India, determined through Morgan and Krejcie’s sample size table. Data were collected using standardized self-report instruments: the Adolescent Risk-Taking Questionnaire (ARQ), the Economic Hardship Questionnaire (EHQ), and the Family Adaptability and Cohesion Evaluation Scales (FACES IV). Statistical analyses were conducted using SPSS-27 and AMOS-21. Pearson correlation coefficients were calculated to determine associations among variables, and Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) was performed to test the hypothesized mediation model. Model fit was evaluated using Chi-square, χ²/df, GFI, AGFI, CFI, TLI, and RMSEA indices. Findings: Results indicated that family economic hardship was positively correlated with adolescent risk-taking (r = .42, p = .001) and negatively correlated with family cohesion (r = −.40, p = .001). Family cohesion was inversely related to adolescent risk-taking (r = −.36, p = .002). The SEM analysis demonstrated adequate model fit (χ²/df = 2.17, GFI = .93, AGFI = .90, CFI = .95, TLI = .94, RMSEA = .048). Direct paths showed that family economic hardship significantly predicted adolescent risk-taking (β = .38, p = .001) and negatively predicted family cohesion (β = −.41, p = .001). Family cohesion negatively predicted adolescent risk-taking (β = −.29, p = .002). The indirect effect of economic hardship on risk-taking via cohesion was significant (β = .12, p = .006), supporting the mediation hypothesis. Conclusion: Findings highlight that family cohesion partially mediates the link between economic hardship and adolescent risk-taking. Strengthening family cohesion may buffer adolescents from the adverse effects of financial strain and serve as a practical target for interventions aimed at reducing risk behaviors.

Objective: This study aimed to design and validate a structural model of marital satisfaction based on the components of systemic–spiritual couple therapy, with the mediating role of the family power structure. Methods and Materials: The research adopted a descriptive–correlational design with an applied objective. The statistical population included all couples in Isfahan who had been married for at least five years. Using convenience sampling, 384 participants (192 couples) were selected from counseling centers. Participants completed the ENRICH Marital Satisfaction Questionnaire, the Family Power Structure Questionnaire, and the Systemic–Spiritual Couple Therapy Scale. Data were analyzed using Pearson correlation, multiple regression, and structural equation modeling (SEM) with AMOS software. Findings: Results showed that systemic–spiritual couple therapy had a significant positive effect on marital satisfaction (β = 0.54, p < 0.001) and on the family power structure (β = 0.61, p < 0.001). The family power structure also significantly predicted marital satisfaction (β = 0.24, p < 0.01), confirming its mediating role. The overall model demonstrated good fit indices, supporting the hypothesized relationships among variables. Regression analysis also revealed that the components of systemic–spiritual couple therapy and family power structure together explained 25% of the variance in marital satisfaction (R² = 0.25, F = 66.51, p < 0.001). Conclusion: The findings support the effectiveness of systemic–spiritual couple therapy in enhancing marital satisfaction, both directly and indirectly through improvements in family power dynamics. The proposed model underscores the importance of integrating spiritual and systemic interventions with structural family variables to improve relationship outcomes.