درخت حوزه‌های تخصصی

Objective: This study aims to examine the structural model of adolescent self-control within the family context, focusing on the contributions of parenting styles, family emotional support, and cognitive flexibility, with rumination as a mediating factor. Methods and Materials: Using a correlational design, this study targeted a population of adolescents aged 12–18 years attending urban schools in Azarshahr, Iran, in 2023. A sample of 385 adolescents was selected via multi-stage cluster sampling. Data were collected using validated instruments: the Parenting Styles Questionnaire (Darling & Toyokawa, 1997), Family Emotional Support Scale (Pierce, Sarason, & Sarason, 1991), Cognitive Flexibility Scale (Dennis & Vander Wal, 2010), and Rumination Response Scale (Nolen-Hoeksema & Morrow, 1991). Data analysis was conducted using SmartPLS software, applying structural equation modeling (SEM) to test the hypothesized model. Findings: The findings revealed significant direct effects of parenting styles, family emotional support, and cognitive flexibility on adolescent self-control (p < .05, effect size = .2). Rumination significantly mediated the relationships between these factors and self-control, underscoring its role within this dynamic. Conclusion: The results indicate that fostering positive parenting styles, supportive family environments, and flexible cognitive abilities can enhance adolescent self-control, with reduced rumination serving as a beneficial mediator. This model highlights the potential of family-centered approaches in promoting adolescent self-regulation.

Objective: The present study aimed to examine and compare the effectiveness of emotion-focused therapy and schema therapy on attachment styles and emotion regulation in women affected by infidelity. Methods and Materials: This research employed a quasi-experimental design with a pretest–posttest and control group. The statistical population included all women affected by infidelity who referred to counseling centers in Tehran in 2023. From this population, 45 participants were selected using purposive sampling and randomly assigned to three groups: the first experimental group (emotion-focused therapy, 15 participants), the second experimental group (schema therapy, 15 participants), and the control group (15 participants). The experimental groups received the respective interventions across a set number of sessions, while the control group did not receive any intervention. All three groups were assessed at pretest, posttest, and follow-up stages using the Attachment Styles Questionnaire and the Emotion Regulation Questionnaire. Findings: Data analysis using repeated measures analysis of variance and post hoc tests indicated that both therapeutic approaches led to significant improvements in attachment styles and enhanced emotion regulation abilities in women affected by infidelity (p < .05). Moreover, a comparison of results showed that schema therapy demonstrated greater effectiveness than emotion-focused therapy in certain indices. Conclusion: Based on the findings, emotion-focused therapy and schema therapy can be considered effective approaches for promoting secure attachment styles and improving emotion regulation among women affected by infidelity.

Aims: The present study aimed to validate the Persian Emoji Lexicon (PEL) and examine gender and cultural differences in the perception of the affective properties of selected emojis. Method: The study consisted of two phases: emoji selection and an online survey. First, we identified the 109 most frequently used emojis on Twitter. In the second phase, we assessed emotion and valence ratings from a sample of 200 X users (140 females; 27.3 ± 3.5 years). Results: Of the 109 selected emojis, 90 were perceived as having a positive valence. Gender comparisons revealed that women rated significantly higher emotional intensity across all eight emotion dimensions compared to men. We also compared our findings with a similar database validated among Canadians. The inter-rater reliability for emoji valence ratings between Iranian and Canadian participants showed a fair level of agreement (Kappa coefficient = 0.357), while also highlighting significant cultural differences in emotion perception. Conclusion: This database serves as a valuable resource for sentiment analysis of social media texts containing emojis, as well as for practical applications where emojis function as emotional cues to influence behavior (e.g., in marketing and education).

This study aimed to develop a model of psychological flexibility in high school students based on academic resilience, with sense of coherence as a mediating variable. A descriptive correlational design utilizing structural equation modeling was employed, involving 350 secondary school students from Khorramabad, Iran, in the 2023–2024 academic year, selected through cluster random sampling. Data were collected using the Multidimensional Cognitive Flexibility Questionnaire, the Sense of Coherence Questionnaire (short version), and the Academic Resilience Scale. Statistical analyses were conducted using SPSS26 and AMOS24. The findings revealed significant direct effects of academic resilience (β=0.31, p<0.001) and sense of coherence (β=0.51, p<0.001) on psychological flexibility, as well as a direct effect of academic resilience on sense of coherence (β=0.56, p<0.001). Additionally, sense of coherence partially mediated the relationship between academic resilience and psychological flexibility (indirect effect=0.28, p<0.001), with academic resilience explaining 32% of the variance in sense of coherence and, together with sense of coherence, accounting for 52% of the variance in psychological flexibility. These results suggest that fostering academic resilience and sense of coherence can significantly enhance students’ psychological flexibility, providing a foundation for designing educational and psychological interventions to improve mental health and academic performance.

Aim: Marital infidelity is one of the important factors that threaten the marital bond between couples. Understanding the factors preventing marital infidelity is of great value in maintaining the stability and quality of marriage. The present study was conducted with the aim of explaining the effective individual, interpersonal and social indicators to reduce marital infidelity in virtual space with a qualitative approach and phenomenological method. Method: The statistical population of the research included One of the wives with a history of marital infidelity in cyberspace, referred from the family court of Urmia city in 2022, and for this purpose, a sample of 18 participants (13 women and 5 men) were selected using a non-probability and purposeful method. The tool of the current research was a semi-structured interview. The data were coded and analyzed using Brown and Clark thematic analysis . Results : the results of this research showed that there are a total of 14 sub-themes in line with the three main concepts including: individual factors with 7 sub-themes including (differentiation, avoiding extremes and excesses in common life, thinking about the consequences of uncontrolled communication, crisis management, strengthening individual competencies, having physical and mental health, and adhering to family, moral and spiritual values), Interpersonal factors with 3 sub-themes including (the ability to establish effective verbal and non-verbal communication, presence of determination in life, and dimming of interpersonal differences) and social factors with 4 sub-themes including (nature of job and economic situation, rule of strict laws, promotion of healthy lifestyle, and existence of happy and healthy programs) are effective as deterrents from extramarital relationships in the final model. Conclusion: It can be concluded that it is necessary to examine the factors that threaten the peace and stability of the family as the cornerstone of society. In the current research, it was found that a total of 14 sub-themes (including 7 sub-themes related to the individual factor, 3 sub-themes related to the interpersonal factor and 4 sub-themes related to the social factor) protect people from extramarital relationships. The results of this research can be used to help formulate preventive programs and interventions in the field of marital infidelity.