درخت حوزه‌های تخصصی

The present study analyzes the semantic dimensions of the two Qur’anic expressions "Ghulāmin Alīm" (a knowledgeable boy) and "Ghulāmin Ḥalīm" (a forbearing boy) in the verses related to God’s glad tidings about the children of Abraham. The research question is ‘Why the Qur’an uses the word "Alīm" (knowledgeable) to describe one of the sons and the word "Ḥalīm" (forbearing) to describe another?’ ‘What educational implications this difference entails?’ The significance of the research lies in the fact that the semantic study of near-synonymous vocabulary in the Qur’an helps us grasp deeper layers of prophetic upbringing. The main question of the study is: ‘What is the semantic difference between Alīm and Ḥalīm in the Qur’anic context, and what educational implications does it have for nurturing the next generation?’ The research method is comparative, and by drawing on exegetical sources, lexicons, and Qur’anic semantic studies, it examines these two prominent attributes, "Alīm" and "Ḥalīm," in the two parallel verses. The findings indicate that "Alīm" refers to the cognitive and rational dimension of the human being, whereas "Ḥalīm" is related to the dimensions of self-control, ethics, and emotion regulation. The conclusion of this analysis shows that Qur’anic education emphasizes the integration of knowledge and forbearance in forming an ideal personality.

The Engineering and constructing semantic networks constitute one of the foundational technologies in the fields of cognitive processing, natural language processing, the semantic web, and the development of artificial intelligence-based systems. Consequently, expertise in the design, construction, engineering, maintenance, evolution, and optimization of ontologies has played a crucial role in advancing intelligent technologies in recent years, and this trend, particularly in the context of dependable and responsible artificial intelligence, is expected to continue in the coming years. The Holy Qur’an, as the sacred book of Muslims worldwide and the primary source of Islamic religion, civilization, and culture, has consistently served as a principal resource in the humanities and Islamic studies, as well as in socio-religious service applications, within Muslim communities. In this paper, a semantic network is automatically constructed using a hybrid approach that integrates multiple technological solutions, including ontologies, word embeddings, co-occurrence analysis, and Arabic root extraction. After the construction of the semantic network and through the application of clustering techniques, several semantic frames were automatically extracted and designated as “abduction frames.” To evaluate the proposed approach, a questionnaire-based assessment was conducted, in which 1,295 individuals participated voluntarily. The results yielded a precision of 69.47% and a recall of 85.35%. Additionally, a mixed quantitative–qualitative evaluation conducted by a panel of experts rated the validity and innovation of the proposed method’s outputs as “good.”