درخت حوزه‌های تخصصی

 The two important topics of Tawallī and Tabarrī —meaning, love for the friends of God and disavowal of His enemies—have been enjoined in numerous verses of the Quran. The study of these two principles in Quranic and narrative sources is of great importance due to the role of both in the felicity and damnation of the faithful individual. The clarification and analysis of their various functions in the doctrinal, psychological, and behavioral dimensions is the objective of the current paper. The result of the research findings, using a descriptive-analytical method based on library documentation, points to this important reality: that each of the topics of Tawallī and Tabarrī in supplications and visitations has tangible and real outcomes for the individual and collective life of the members of Muslim society. Based on the supplications and visitations, doctrinal aspects, such as: "Establishing [oneself] in the radius of monotheism, providing felicity and perfection, a sign of practicing piety, a sign of proximity to the divine threshold,"... and matters such as: "Strengthening human resolve and will, injecting a positive spirit into the members of society, and providing desirable role-modeling for the community, and ultimately, [as] a fundamental tool in the survival of the victory of truth over falsehood and preparing the groundwork for the implementation of the principle of commanding good and forbidding evil, can be enumerated among the spiritual and practical functions of Tawallī and Tabarrī ."

  Context & Objective: This article explores The Arabian Nights through the lens of Islamic legal culture, focusing on the intersection of law, society, and storytelling. The study investigates how the tales depict core aspects of family law, including marriage contracts, divorce (particularly khul ʿ ), and inheritance, and addresses how divine law ( Sharī ʿ a ) interacts with local custom ( ʿ urf ). The primary research question examines how these narratives foreground issues of justice, moral authority, and the limitations of human courts.   Method & Approach: Applying a law-and-literature approach to Haddawy’s 1990 translation of the fourteenth-century Syrian manuscript, the study analyzes legal elements as culturally embedded discourses rather than direct historical evidence.   Findings: Analyzing tales such as “ The Tale of the Three Apples ,” “ The Story of Prince Camaralzaman and Princess Budur ,” and “ The Tale of the Hunchback ,” the study finds that legal themes are not peripheral, but serve as central narrative drivers. The tales reflect the historical tension between formal legal ideals and messy social realities in medieval Islamic societies, actively critiquing judicial corruption, gender inequality, and the politicization of justice. Furthermore, the narratives effectively functioned as popular legal education, transmitting ethical norms to diverse audiences.   Conclusion: The Arabian Nights offers a sustained meditation on the possibilities and moral imperatives of justice in an imperfect world. The study concludes that popular narratives were vital vehicles for receiving, contesting, and transmitting legal norms outside formal scholarly institutions. This broadens the evidentiary base for Islamic legal historiography and demonstrates that popular literature played a critical role in shaping legal consciousness.