درخت حوزه‌های تخصصی

Extensive interest in the field of comparative literary studies emerged in the early decades of the nineteenth century with the main focus of comparing similarities in perspectives and variations in beliefs which congregate or rupture world views, representing human thought. It is the objective of the present study to analyze and compare the components which yield to the New Historical analysis of two literary pieces to discover the existing nuances related to the artists’ socio-cultural milieu and to illustrate how this mirrors personality development in their poetry. For this means, two poems have been chosen: “I Am a Black Woman” from Mari Evans, a contemporary African-American poetess, and “Farewell” from Forough Farrokhzad, the influential, modernist Iranian artist. Results will indicate how the views of the two poets differ from one another in regard to the relationship between identity formation and the role that episteme plays in this process. Inevitably, there will be concern about the influence of zeitgeist in imagery production since literary work is the doings of historical-socio-cultural discourses as much as creative imagination.

L'enseignement du FLE en Iran est confronté à de nombreux obstacles, surtout quand il s’agit de l’écrit. Ces obstacles comprennent la motivation, la créativité ainsi que la difficulté à maîtriser les aspects linguistiques et discursifs de l'écriture en français . Une solution potentielle pour surmonter ces défis pourrait résider dans l'utilisation de supports pédagogiques innovants, tels que la bande dessinée, dont le présent article cherche à évaluer l'impact sur le développement de la compétence en expression écrite chez les adolescents apprenant le FLE en Iran.Pour ce faire, notre étude s'appuie sur un cadre théorique qui articule les notions de compétence de l'expression écrite, de bande dessinée et de didactique du FLE. Elle met en œuvre une méthodologie de recherche qualitative, basée sur une étude de cas menée dans une classe de niveau A2 du FLE en Iran. En conclusion, cette étude démontre que l'intégration des bandes dessinées dans l'enseignement du FLE pour les adolescents en Iran peut avoir des implications pédagogiques profondes et positives. Ces implications touchent divers aspects, de la stimulation de la créativité à la facilitation de l'apprentissage grammatical, en passant par l'encouragement à la lecture et à l'écriture. Les enseignants devraient utiliser ces supports avec d'autres méthodes et ressources.

This article attempts to explore the influence of T. S. Eliot’s modernist poetics on the works of Iranian poets, Ahmad Shamlou and Sohrab Sepehri. It examines how these Iranian poets engaged with the concepts of “tradition,” “language,” and “myth” in their writings, drawing upon Eliot’s critical perspectives. The article begins with an overview of T. S. Eliot’s significance as an Anglo-American figure of twentieth century literature, and how his modernist themes and techniques resonated with Iranian poets navigating their own cultural transformations. It then reviews relevant secondary sources that provide critical frameworks for understanding the relationships between Eliot, Shamlou, Sepehri, and the broader modernist poetic tradition. The core discussion analyzes how Shamlou and Sepehri, inspired by Eliot’s innovative spirit, may have sought to redefine their engagement with Persian classical poetry. They utilized new approaches to language and expression to challenge established forms, especially through using defamiliarization and mythical method, while still drawing upon their rich literary heritage. By tracing these intertextual and cross-cultural connections, the article aims to contribute to a deeper understanding of the transnational circulation of modernist poetic ideals, especially Eliot’s preoccupations, and how they were reinterpreted and reinvigorated within the Iranian literary context. In fact, this comparative analysis sheds light on the complexities of cultural exchange and the evolution of modern poetry across geographic boundaries.

Among the authoritative dictionaries of Persian language, Borhān-i Qāti’ (lit. ‘Conclusive Proof’) is considered a turning point in the field of dictionary production, and it provides attractive data for applied linguistics studies in the field of lexicography. Borhān-i Qāti’, compiled in India in the 17th century by Moḥammad-Ḥosayn Khalaf Tabrīzī, is remarkable in several respects, but one of its features which does not seem to have received a proper attention, is its method of providing the pronunciation of its entries. In this reference, almost half of the entries have been given a pronunciation based on analogy, in which the entry word is echoed with a second-well known one, having the same phonotactics (distribution and arrangement of vowels and consonants), and distribution of vowels, and prosody pattern. This method was successfully practiced later on in another important but unfinished reference: Āsaf al-Loghāt (1906-1921). In This article, this pattern of presenting pronunciation is introduced and explained. Also it provides the readers with a list of the reference words which have been used to recognize the pronunciation of the other words, and the frequency of them will also be given and analyzed. The final list of this article presents those words which were believed to be “basic” or “core” by the compiler of Borhān-i Qāti’.