درخت حوزه‌های تخصصی

Competition law is a newcomer to the legal system recently. A sound understanding of competition policy can provide us with sufficient bases to apply a fundamental and normative view of the issues of competition law. The difference in supervision and regulation determines how the market functions and in order to understand this difference one must understand competition policy. Competition policy may be based on governmental support for national production and industry or on a non-interventional and regulatory posture. Moreover, supervision, based on the principle of non-intervention in the market mechanism, is rooted in liberal ideas; however, regulation, whether as a rule or an exception, is based on the assertion that the market has been ineffective in attaining its goals. Therefore, the government will resort to interventions to regulate inefficiencies.  This paper aims to analyze Supervisory Authority in Implementing Competitive Policy by employing the description method. In this article the author tries to first delineate competition policy, its related requirements and imposed deviations to the market. Then, by defining the supervisory entity and clarifying its distinction from the regulatory institutions, the author considers the characteristics of an appropriate supervisory entity conducting a comparative study of this issue in Iran and the U.S.A. This form of Competition policy because of its applicable experiences which have been well described by recent scholarship is considered suitable for the native system.

Background and Theoretical Foundations: The transformation of the Iranian Navy from a purely defensive force to a strategic force has highlighted it as an influential component in Iran's future position. The presence of this force in international waters, the need for greater interaction with trans-regional countries and the impact of the new mission environment, monitoring and identifying the various trends governing the emerging global patterns, to understand the possible futures ahead and more importantly, build It makes a desirable future necessary. Research method: The current research aims to explain the strategic model and the consequences of the presence of the strategic navy of the army in international waters and Makran coasts. The qualitative research approach was implemented with the grounded theory strategy. For this purpose, after reviewing the specialized texts related to the research subject, semi-structured interviews with 12 experts in the sea domain until data saturation were conducted using targeted sampling. Findings and Results: The findings of the research, which was conducted through international and axial coding, show that the data consists of 65 open codes, 59 axial codes, 10 categories, and finally, by using them, 11 contextual factors (training of expert staff, development Commercial, fishing and military fleets, succession of commanders, port services and wharf construction, equipped with modern equipment - smart, radio and satellite facilities (and 4 intervening factors) comprehensive support of sovereignty, convergence with countries, educational and sanitary environment suitable, supply of parts and special equipment, rights and benefits and welfare affairs), as well as 15 strategic factors (observance of international policies, diplomatic influence, international credibility, formulation of force missions, knowledge of international law, increasing geopolitical and strategic depth, knowledge of the environment and space, increasing the weight of geopolitics and... (9 causal factors) professional development of employees, use of elite talent, holding short-term and future research courses, paying attention to the health of employees and... (and 20 consequences) establishing security, deterrence, Sea-based economy and...)was developed.