درخت حوزه‌های تخصصی

Background: High-velocity low-intensity actions result in reduced hemodynamic responses. Additionally, eccentric actions are associated with reduced hemodynamic and metabolic responses. Aim: This study aimed to investigate acute hemodynamic, hematological, and electrocardiographic responses to high-velocity low-intensity concentric resistance exercise (HVLICRE) and low-velocity high-intensity eccentric resistance exercise (LVHIERE) in healthy young adults. Materials and Methods: In this study, 16 healthy young men were divided into two groups (HVLICRE: 40% 1RM, LVHIERE: 80% 1RM). The exercise protocol consisted of five sets of 10 repetitions, with 90 sec of rest between the sets and a two-second interval between actions. For data analysis, repeated measures ANOVA, one-way ANOVA, and Bonferroni's post hoc test were performed at a significance level of P ≤0.05. Results: LVHIERE led to greater RPE ( P ≤0.05), compared to HVLICRE. Also, LVHIERE was associated with a significant increase in the activity of the sympathetic nervous system and a significant decrease in the parasympathetic nervous system as compared to HVLICRE ( P ≤0.05). Conclusion: HVLICRE and LVHIERE produced similar effects on blood glucose, serum lactate, hematocrit, systolic and diastolic blood pressure and heart rate. LVHIERE can be investigated as part of the strategy of rehabilitation programs in future studies.

Purpose: Functional Movement Screening Test (FMS) is a tool that has the ability to determine a person's potential for the possibility of suffering from musculoskeletal abnormalities and sports injuries. FMS tests include seven functional movement tests that evaluate trunk, central strength and stability, neuromuscular coordination, asymmetry in movement, and flexibility. The purpose of this research was to determine the norm of the functional motor screening test in the male handball players of the Sepahan club in Isfahan. Method: The method of collecting information is cross-sectional and in terms of practical purpose. For this purpose, 30 male students aged 14-16 from Sepahan Handball Club of Isfahan were evaluated by performing 7 FMS tests. Findings: The norm of FMS test in 14-year-old students was 14.39±1.66, in 15-year-old students it was 15.85±1.47, and in 16-year-old students it was 15.29±1.21. Therefore, it can be stated that the FMS scores in these people are in a better condition compared to related studies in this age group. Also, the test scores separately showed that 75% of this population does not have enough stability in the central part of the body. Discussion and conclusion: In many sports activities, the movements of the upper and lower limbs need to have sufficient stability in the central area, if there is no stability in this area, energy transfer does not take place well. Since this age group is at the beginning of official sports competitions and considering that the clinical usefulness of FMS is limited by the lack of Norm index in Iran, sports medicine specialists and sports team coaches can evaluate the value of Norm scores to diagnose and identify people. at the risk of physical deformity and injury at different ages and plan bodybuilding and corrective exercises based on it

Background: Exposure to high altitude causes significant stress in the functioning of cardiovascular and respiratory systems.Aim: The aim of this study was to investigate the changes in systolic and diastolic blood pressure (BP), heart rate (HR) and pulmonary volumes during the classic ascent of Damavand 5671 m peak.Materials and Methods: 14 healthy male climbers (age = 23.85±5.93 years, height = 175.5±5.91 cm, weight =71.35±8.20 kg) participated voluntarily in this study. BP, HR and lung volumes were measured in basic (2000 M), BC (3100 m) the first day, C1 (3650 m) the first day, BC (3100 m) the second day after the one-night stopover, C1 (3650 m) the second day, C2 (4100 m) the second day, C2 (4100 M) third day after the one-night stopover, C3 (5000 m) and, peak (5671 m). Data were compared by repeated measures test at the significant level of P≤0.05 and Bonferroni post hoc test.Results: The results of repeated measures analysis were significant for HR, systolic BP, diastolic BP and MVV (P<0.05), but not significant for FVC and FEV1 (P≥0.05). BP was high in the base camp and the first camp and gradually decreased. HR continued to increase significantly with increasing altitude. MVV increased with increasing altitude and is reduced after the one-night stopover in each height.Conclusion: It can be concluded that climbing with classic method increased the HR and decreased systolic and diastolic BP of climbers. It was able to induce adaptation in lung volumes of climbers.

Background: Football players, in their pursuit of optimal physical and mental performance, frequently employ various recovery techniques. Among these, sleep emerges as a consistently highlighted and crucial element in athletes’ physical and cognitive performance.  Aim: This study aimed to investigate the correlation between sleep quality and mental toughness (MT), while concurrently exploring the relationship between MT and different football positions.Materials and Methods: A total of 473 Iranian football players, comprising 287 males and 186 females, were selected through a simple random sampling method by completing two questionnaires that assessed their sleep quality (PSQI) and MT (SMTQ-14).Results: The findings showed that athletes with higher subjective sleep quality and longer sleep duration demonstrated high levels of MT. Moreover, defenders and attackers exhibited the highest levels of MT compared to other playing positions. Notably, male football players reported higher sleep quality and MT compared to their female counterparts.Conclusion: This study focused on the relationship between sleep quality and MT among football players. The study revealed that both male and female football players with better sleep quality and longer sleep duration had higher MT, with males scoring higher overall. Moreover, defenders regardless of gender, exhibited the strongest MT.