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باستان شناسی

ادبیات اقتصاد تاریخ تربیت بدنی جغرافیا حقوق روانشناسی زبان شناسی علم اطلاعات و دانش‌شناسی علوم اجتماعی علوم اسلامی علوم انسانی علوم تربیتی علوم سیاسی فلسفه و منطق مدیریت مطالعات زنان هنر و معماری
ایران اسلامی ایران باستان ایران پیش از تاریخ تاریخ جهان فلسفه تاریخ گروه های ویژه نقد و بررسی کتاب
آثار و آرای تاریخ پژوهان و باستان شناسان ایرانی آثار و آرای تاریخ پژوهان و باستان شناسان جهان ایلات و عشایر باستان شناسی برنامه ریزی و فنون آموزش تاریخ تاریخ ادیان تاریخ پزشکی تاریخ زنان تاریخ فرهنگی-اجتماعی-اداری ایران تاریخ مذاهب تاریخ مطبوعات تاریخ نگاری تاریخ نگری جغرافیای تاریخی جنبش ها و قیام های یکصد سال اخیر خلیج فارس و دریای خزر سفرنامه و سفرنامه نویسان سکه شناسی سند شناسی و سندپژوهی شخصیت ها فعالیت های مذهبی (فعالیت های ادیان، فرق و مذاهب) مجلس شورای ملی منابع و کلیات
چیستی علم باستان شناسی قوانین و فنون حمایت و حفاظت از آثار باستانی یاستان شناسی آثار هنری و بومی ملل
ترتیب بر اساس: جدیدترینپربازدیدترین
فیلترهای جستجو: فیلتری انتخاب نشده است.
نمایش ۱ تا ۲۰ مورد از کل ۲٬۲۷۵ مورد.
۱.

Rome and Parthia

نویسنده:
منبع: Caspian, Volume ۳, Issue ۵, January ۲۰۲۵ 63 - 66

کلیدواژه‌ها: Rome Parthia Politics of Peace

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تعداد بازدید : ۱۵۹ تعداد دانلود : ۱۶۹
The relationship between Rome and Parthia is one of the most important issues in ancient history. Still, only some scholars, such as archaeologists, historians, and linguists, have written books and articles about this subject. Rome, Parthia, and the Politics of Peace, The Origins of War in the Ancient Middle East, by Jason M. Schlude, is a new book in this field.
۲.

An Interdisciplinary Research on the Bedrock Ground Stones For The Bawa Yawan Rockshelter, West-Central Zagros Mountains, Iran(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)

نویسنده:
منبع: Persica Antiqua, Volume ۶, Issue ۱۰, January ۲۰۲۶ 77 - 83

کلیدواژه‌ها: West-Central Zagros Bawa Yawan Bedrock groundstone Classification Microfossil

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The late Pleistocene period witnessed significant shifts in human lifestyle and behaviour across various regions in the Old World, as indicated by prehistoric archaeological evidence. These shifts reflect a transition from hunting to a greater emphasis on activities related to gathering plants. Archaeological findings demonstrate the utilization of plants in diverse forms, including the emergence of Bedrock Ground Stone (BGS) at prehistoric sites. In the realm of archaeological research, these remains are deemed crucial man-made artefacts, shedding light on essential aspects such as nutrition, culture, vegetation, food processing, and the presence of medicinal and toxic substances within ancient human societies. Given the existing research gap and the paramount significance of these artefacts in archaeological and anthropological studies, the Diyarmehr Institute for Paleolithic Research, for the first time in Iran, has committed to undertaking comprehensive and scientific investigations of the BGS in the Nawadrwn valley in the  Kermanshah region. Owing to its geographical positioning and environmental abundance, the west-central Zagros range has historically attracted and served as a conducive habitat for diverse human groups across various epochs. This study represents a multi-disciplinary research endeavour focused on 24 bedrock groundstones (BGS) discovered in the Prehistoric Bawa Yawan rockshelters within Nawdarwan valley. Detailed morphological and geochemical analyses have unveiled their multifaceted utility, encompassing purposes such as herbal processing and extraction, and their use in three instances as stone lamps.
۴.

Rescue Archaeology Survey in the Reservoir Area of Azaroud Dam, Mazandaran: A Look at Environmental Capacities and Tourism Attractions

نویسنده:
منبع: Caspian, Volume ۳, Issue ۵, January ۲۰۲۵ 3 - 22

کلیدواژه‌ها: Archaeological Survey Azaroud Dam human settlements Environmental conditions Geology

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This study aimed to identify and document archaeological sites within the catchment area of the Azaroud Dam and to prepare an archaeological map of the region. The primary research question was whether there is evidence of historical human settlements in the Azaroud Dam reservoir area and how environmental and geological factors have influenced the formation or absence of such settlements. The methodology was based on a field survey of the region. The results indicate that there is no evidence of historical human settlements within the Azaroud Dam reservoir area. Only scattered fragments of eroded pottery were found along the riverbanks, likely transported to the area by seasonal floods from upstream regions. Environmental and geological analyses also reveal that factors such as dense forest cover, steep slopes, difficult terrain, and annual torrential rainfall have created unfavorable conditions for the establishment of permanent or even temporary settlements in this area. However, these findings are limited to the reservoir area, and the possibility of human settlements in adjacent areas, particularly in upstream regions with gentler slopes and flatter terrain, cannot be ruled out. Despite this, the significant tourism potential of the studied area, both naturally and due to the construction of the Azaroud Dam, can play a prominent role in attracting investment and promoting sustainable development in the region.
۵.

Kuh-i Sukhteh’s Shrine in Omidiyeh: A Fire Temple from the Sasanian Period in Southwestern Iran?(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)

نویسنده:
منبع: Persica Antiqua, Volume ۶, Issue ۱۰, January ۲۰۲۶ 23 - 42

کلیدواژه‌ها: Kuh-i Sukhteh Asak Fire temple

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Kuh-i Sukhteh in Omidiyeh, one of the most important but less-known areas in southwestern Iran, is between Omidiyeh and today’s Aghajari. This area was considered a part of the Asak region (one of Arjan environs). Active sources of fire plagued this area in ancient times due to its natural bed, and it was probably a place for the construction of shrines, including the Zoroastrian fire temple. This spatial feature was observed and written about by travelers and authors of the first and middle Islamic centuries. Historical texts refer to this area as a volcano, fire, fire temple, and fire altar. This research aims to compare the material presented by historical texts with archaeological data to locate the Asak fire temple. Conducting this research is necessary to complete the puzzle of the communication route between Ramhormoz and Arjan and identify the architectural structures related to the settlement and possible Zoroastrian shrines in this route. This research tries to answer this question: What is the connection between the Kuh-i Sukhteh area and Zoroastrian religious buildings in the Sasanian and the first Islamic centuries? Conclusion: Based on information from the historical and geographical texts of the first to middle Islamic centuries and archaeological data, including pottery and architectural remains, the Kuh-i Sukhteh in Omidiyeh is an adaptable place for the ancient fire temple of Asak. However, archaeological excavations seem necessary to document more architectural structures. The present study’s data result from authors’ survey studies and citation studies, and we have concluded by historical, descriptive analysis.
۶.

Tepe Talebkhan: A Bronze Age Settlement in Sistan, Iran(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)

نویسنده:
منبع: Persica Antiqua, Volume ۶, Issue ۱۰, January ۲۰۲۶ 3 - 22

کلیدواژه‌ها: Sistan Southeastern Iran Bronze Age Bullae Token Architecture

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تعداد بازدید : ۷۰ تعداد دانلود : ۶۱
In the second half of the fourth millennium BCE, a settlement was established at Shahr-i Sokhta in Sistan​​. Simultaneously, during this period, the Porto-Elamite horizon emerged in a large zone of the Near East, especially on the eastern part of the Iranian Plateau. During the first quarter of the third millennium BCE and the early urbanization phase, Shahr-i Sokhta, an early urban center, expanded largely, and many satellite sites developed around it. To obtain some information on the economic and cultural interactions between Shahr-i Sokhta and these peripheral settlements, Tepe Talebkhan has been chosen for excavations and further detailed studies. In the article, by using the materials found during the fifth season of excavations at Tepe Talebkhan, the focus was to shed more light on the main cultural characteristics of the site and its mutual ties with Shahr-i Sokhta. Ceramic data indicates that the settlement was founded at the end of Shahr-i Sokhta III period and continued through the entire posterior period i.e. Shahr-i Sokhta IV. The carbon 14 results also provided an absolute date for the settlement sequence between 2500 and 2300 BCE. 
۷.

Tracing the Lost Fire of Ādur Farnbāg: Archaeological Evidence from Bardestān, Persian Gulf

نویسنده:
منبع: Sinus Persicus, Volume ۳, Issue ۵, January ۲۰۲۶ 85 - 108

کلیدواژه‌ها: Sasanian Seal Historical Geography Fire temple Persian Gulf

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Fire held particular significance among Zoroastrian Iranians, possessing varying degrees of importance. There were three groups of fire associated with rituals. The most sacred of these was the fire of Bahram, known as the fire of the victorious king, which was to burn perpetually in the fire temples of Ādur Gušnasp, Ādur Farnbāg, and Ādur Burzēn-Mihr under all circumstances. The fire temple of Ādur Gušnasp is located in Takht-i Soleiman, Takab (Northwest of Iran), and Ādur Burzēn-Mihr is situated in the region of Rivand in Khorasan (Northeast of Iran). However, there is a discrepancy regarding the location of the fire of Ādur Farnbāg or the fire temple of the priests. Some researchers, orientalists, and many historical geographical documents have suggested the Karyan region of Fars, but conclusive evidence has not been provided. In the archaeological study of the Bardestān desert region and the Sasanian site of Koyu, a newly discovered seal bearing an inscription referring to the fire of Ādur Farnbāg has proposed a new hypothesis concerning the location of the state fire of Ādur Farnbāg. This paper will introduce the site and the newly found seal, and the reasons for proposing the Bardestān desert region as the location for the fire of Ādur Farnbāg will be discussed. This research was conducted through field surveys and comparative library studies, aiming to address one of the most significant questions in Sasanian archaeology regarding the location of the fire temple of Ādur Farnbāg.
۸.

Typology of Gravestones in the Islamic Cemetery of Shahsavar, Izeh, Iran

نویسنده:
منبع: Sinus Persicus, Volume ۳, Issue ۵, January ۲۰۲۶ 31 - 54

کلیدواژه‌ها: Tombstone Typology Islamic Cemetery Shahsavar Izeh Bakhtiari tribe Ethnoarchaeology Funerary Symbolism

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تعداد بازدید : ۵۱ تعداد دانلود : ۶۷
The Islamic era tombstones of Shahsavar Cemetery in Izeh, southwestern Iran, reflect a rich tapestry of religious, cultural, and socio-economic values embedded in local Bakhtiari traditions. This study explores the typology and semiotics of 632 gravestones dating from the Zand, Qajar, and Pahlavi periods to the contemporary era. These gravestones, which range from simple slabs to sculpted lion figures and tiered, crenellated forms, serve as commemorative markers and visual expressions of identity, status, and belief. Utilizing a dual-method approach —historical document analysis and ethnoarchaeological fieldwork— this research categorizes the gravestones into five primary types: simple, tiered-crenellated, stone lion (bardshir), arched (mihrab-shaped), and anthropomorphic. The study reveals that the selection and design of tombstones were highly codified within the Bakhtiari tribal hierarchy, governed by symbolic traditions and cultural legitimacy. These forms also encode valor, piety, and transcendence, linking the deceased with tribal memory and spiritual continuity. The findings contribute to the broader understanding of funerary art in post-Islamic Iran.
۹.

Dahāneh-ye Qolāmān, An Achaemenid City in Southeastern Iran

نویسنده:
منبع: Sinus Persicus, Volume ۳, Issue ۵, January ۲۰۲۶ 55 - 63

کلیدواژه‌ها: Achaemenid Dahāneh-ye Qolāmān Architecture Art

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تعداد بازدید : ۵۰ تعداد دانلود : ۴۹
Many archaeological remains from the Achaemenid empire have been found in various lands; therefore, many authors have researched and written about this empire’s cultural and civilizational features. Dahāneh-ye Qolāmān is one of the valuable sites of this empire that still stands. Dahāneh-ye Qolāmān is located 30 kilometers southeast of Zabol and was one of the important sites of the Achaemenids in southeastern Iran. The site was discovered in the 1960s by Italian archaeologist Umberto Scherato, who began archaeological excavations in 1962. Archaeological studies have shown that the structures of this city were built on a high terrace and were used in at least two periods of settlement. A look at the two different types of architectural structures, namely huge buildings and smaller buildings, indicates the various uses of these buildings. Among the large buildings, building number 3 was a large religious structure, building number 1 was a large civil building, and building number 2 was an administrative building. Buildings 4, 5, 6, and 7 were residential and private, all located in the eastern part of the city, and building 15 was an industrial building with religious production. Buildings numbers 16 and 17 were also large public buildings.
۱۰.

The Ethnoarchaeological Approach to the Cenotaph or Memorial Grave Tradition: A Case Study of Mafegeh in the Bakhtiari Region of Southwestern Iran(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)

نویسنده:
منبع: Persica Antiqua, Volume ۶, Issue ۱۰, January ۲۰۲۶ 55 - 75

کلیدواژه‌ها: Ethnoarchaeology Cenotaph Memorial Grave Mafegeh Bakhtiari southwestern Iran

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تعداد بازدید : ۵۷ تعداد دانلود : ۵۴
Understanding the descriptions of graves and historical mortuary practices is crucial for interpreting contextual information and broader social significance. This study employs an interdisciplinary approach, drawing from archaeological literature, anthropological evidence, and sociological theory to expand the range of possible interpretations. The research is based on ethnoarchaeological research on the mourning ritual of the Bakhtiari people in southwest Iran. A ritual that exemplifies memorials is embodied in monuments called Mafegeh for individuals or groups whose remains are elsewhere. The conceptual framework encompasses the theoretical and methodological aspects of comparing ethnographic and archaeological data. This framework provides a comprehensive approach to effectively analyzing and drawing connections between these two data types. Fieldwork involves conducting archaeological surveys, interviews, and direct ethnographic observations to document the Mafegeh. The study shows theoretical considerations and emphasises the reluctance to forget the dead. Nonreligious beliefs and mental states underlie many motivations of this practice. It may be that mafageh is driven by other symbolic, emotional, and practical reasons, and that has little to do with a belief in immortal souls. Such historically and culturally recurring funerary practices suggest that humans are predisposed to believe in and prepare for an afterlife. A possible reason would have been that the deceased had died elsewhere; thus, the memorial structure was erected to honour him. The research exclusively involves men, and no instances related to women were found.
۱۱.

On Foot or on Horseback? The Honorable Way of Dueling in Pre-Islamic Iran based on Ferdowsi’s Shahnameh

نویسنده:
منبع: Caspian, Volume ۳, Issue ۵, January ۲۰۲۵ 23 - 34

کلیدواژه‌ها: Ferdowsi Shahnameh Duel pre-Islamic Iran Iranian Art

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تعداد بازدید : ۴۷ تعداد دانلود : ۴۵
Duels, despite their cultural visibility and symbolic significance, were never a common nor universal form of conflict resolution. In the Iranian tradition, as presented in Ferdowsi’s Shahnameh, however, they hold a special place as an element of the hero’s ethos. This raises questions about the extent of the practice of such encounters and about their ritual, whether the fighting took place on foot or on horseback. The article addresses this issue in the context of pre-Islamic Iran, juxtaposing three perspectives: the narrative of Ferdowsi’s epic, historical accounts concerning rulers and commanders, and the iconography of reliefs. In the Shahnameh, mounted combat appears as the most prestigious form, yet the poet subtly challenges its superiority, pointing instead to victory as the true criterion of honor. The comparison of these three sources allows for a deeper understanding of the significance of duels in pre-Islamic Iranian tradition.
۱۲.

Ilkhanid Inscriptions in Bayazid Bastami Complex, A Case Study: Inscriptions of the Mihrab of Bayazid Bastami Mosque

نویسنده:
منبع: Caspian, Volume ۳, Issue ۵, January ۲۰۲۵ 35 - 62

کلیدواژه‌ها: Inscription Mihrab Mosque Ilkanid Bayazid Bastami Complex

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تعداد بازدید : ۳۴ تعداد دانلود : ۵۷
The Bayazid Bastami complex, located in Bastam, Semnan province, is considered one of the outstanding examples of the Iranian religious architecture during the Ilkhanid era. Due to the existence of a renowned Sufi’s shrine, Bayazid Bastami (161-234 AH), this complex has attracted the attention of different reigns and kings since the very early Islamic period, and numerous constructions have been performed in this monument during various periods from the Deylamiyān (Deylamites) dynasty to the Qajar period. Most of the constructions in this complex and also the restorations conducted here relate to the Ilkhanid era, and particularly to Sultan Muhammad Ghazan Khan’s reign (694-703 AH) and Sultan Mohammad Khodābandeh Öljaitü’s time (703-716 AH). Thanks to his high regard for Bayazid, Öljaitü even selected his own children’s names according to Bayazid’s name and titles: Bastam, Bayazid, and Ṭayfūr. In various Ilkhanid buildings and extensions in Bayazid Bastami’s complex, numerous inscriptions can be seen that have adorned the architectural elements of this complex. Due to the existence of multiple features and the religious importance of this part, inscriptions on the mihrab of this mosque, called Mardana or Bayazid, have been widely investigated and analyzed from different aspects, including ritual, artistic, and historical. In the present research, a descriptive-analytical methodology has been applied, and the data have been collected from documentary and field studies with a theoretical approach to study the cultural history.  
۱۳.

Proto-Elamite Sealed Clay Strips from Susa: A Functional Reappraisal

نویسنده:
منبع: Sinus Persicus, Volume ۳, Issue ۵, January ۲۰۲۶ 7 - 30

کلیدواژه‌ها: Administrative Documents Proto-Elamite Susa Phenomenology Seal impressions

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Examining administrative artefacts from the Proto-Elamite period in Susa through a phenomenological lens allows historians and archaeologists to contextualize these documents not only as dormant material culture but also as dynamic instruments in negotiating economic control, political authority, and institutional identity. This article draws on newly reevaluated evidence of clay sealing strips housed in the National Museum of Iran, interpreted initially as “wall sealings” by Holly Pittman. It reconsiders their function in light of comparative frameworks developed by Adelheid Otto for Middle Bronze Age Syria. By situating these items within the broader conceptual field of “administrative writing”, here extended to include physical sealing devices as protoarchival media, this study examines the thematic frameworks, authorial stances, and intended audiences embedded in both the ancient administrative practices and the modern scholarly discourse. Rather than occupying a marginal position in archaeological literature, these sealing strips emerge as powerful heuristic tools for understanding the evolution of bureaucratic management in early Iranian state formations.
۱۴.

The Newly Discovered Elamite Rock Relief of Alhak, Izeh, Iran

نویسنده:
منبع: Sinus Persicus, Volume ۳, Issue ۵, January ۲۰۲۶ 65 - 83

کلیدواژه‌ها: Elam Ayapir Alhak Izeh Rock relief

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A newly discovered Elamite rock relief in the Alhak region of central Izeh in southwestern Iran contributes significantly to the corpus of commemorative Elamite art. Unlike other well-known reliefs from the area—such as those at Kūl-i Farah, Shahsavar, and Khung-i Azhdar—this composition was carved onto a conglomerate rock surface, a medium both unique and inherently fragile, leading to its accelerated erosion and delayed recognition. The relief depicts a male figure seated in profile on a simple throne, raising his right hand in a gesture of reverence or supplication. A stepped platform lies before him, while a prominent solar disc hovers above his head—features resonant with iconographic motifs found on contemporaneous cylinder seals from Elam and Mesopotamia. Iconographic and stylistic parallels suggest that the Alhak relief belongs to the Shimashki cultural horizon (ca. 2000–1970 BCE). The absence of divine attributes—such as horned crowns or zoomorphic insignia—indicates that the figure is more plausibly interpreted as a royal personage engaged in ritual devotion rather than a deity. The rightward orientation of the seated figure, in contrast to the left-facing postures of most Izeh reliefs, further underscores its distinctiveness. This discovery broadens our understanding of regional variability within Elamite rock art. It highlights the cultural resilience of Elamite traditions in the highlands following the collapse of lowland power centers such as Susa. Future investigations employing advanced imaging technologies (e.g., 3D scanning and photogrammetry) are essential for recovering lost details and refining our interpretation of the relief’s symbolic schema.
۱۵.

A Textual Approach to the Meaning and Usage of Some Technical Terms in Religious Manichaean Texts(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)

نویسنده:
منبع: Persica Antiqua, Volume ۶, Issue ۱۰, January ۲۰۲۶ 43 - 53

کلیدواژه‌ها: Angel Apostle God son of God Manichaean Middle Iranian Manichaean Terminology

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تعداد بازدید : ۵۸ تعداد دانلود : ۴۷
Drawing on Manichaean Middle Iranian texts and adopting a textual approach, the present article tries to define the meaning and usage of some technical terms (termini tecnichi) in Manichaean theology, especially the words “angel” (frystg, fryštg) and “apostle, messenger” (frystg, fryštg). The use of a word for two meanings and/ or two concepts in the Manichaica was a result of the redefinition that each of the different Manichaean communities presented for the concepts of ‘angel’ and ‘apostle, messenger’. The article shows that the Iranian term frys/štg has been redefined and expanded in meaning in Manichaean literature under the influence of Syriac writings; a redefinition that could generate an angel from an apostle / a messenger and a king from the angel. Here, we also examined the technical terms xwdʾy/ xwdʾwn ‘lord’, by / bg ‘god’, yzd ‘god’ and bgpwhr / βγpšy / βγpšʾk ‘son of God’ (βγpwryšt / βγpšyt ‘the sons of God’) βγpwr(ʾ)yc ‘daughter of God’ showing the contexts in which these terms appear and what examples they refer to. Our study shows that some of them were used not only for angels and historical figures (like Mani and Manichaean leaders and electi, as well as previous apostles), but also included at least one of Manichaean gods, i.e. ‘Third Messenger’.
۱۶.

A Critical Review of Iran as Imagined Nation(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)

نویسنده:
منبع: Persica Antiqua, Volume ۶, Issue ۱۰, January ۲۰۲۶ 85 - 97

کلیدواژه‌ها: Iran Persia National identity Iranian Identity Persian Language

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تعداد بازدید : ۵۹ تعداد دانلود : ۵۳
The topic of Iranian identity is one that many are willing to recognize, while only a minority choose to reject it. The author of the book in question belongs to the latter group. The title suggests that the author intends to challenge both Iran and the historical foundations of Iranian and national identity. Influenced by contemporary theoretical discussions that overlook the historical and cultural contexts of the nations being examined, he tends to regard Iran and its national identity as constructs devised by Orientalists. He does not acknowledge the historical importance and development of the term "Iran" itself. The author of the book Iran as Imagined Nation: The Construction of National Identity, who draws inspiration from Edward Said's Orientalism and Benedict Anderson's Imagined Communities, contends that both Iranian and non-Iranian authors view Iranian and national identity as a historical phenomenon. These authors, influenced by racial and ideological perspectives and western methodologies, have narrated history in a way that is both ahistorical and misleading, replacing genuine historical events with fabricated stories. This article does not critique every chapter of the book Iran as Imagined Nation: The Construction of National Identity. Instead, it will concentrate on chapters that present weak or incorrect claims regarding Iran's historical roots, its attributes, and its ethnic and linguistic diversity, with the aim of clarifying and illuminating these issues.
۱۷.

بازتاب عناصر ساسانی در هنر بودایی آسیای میانه: مطالعه ای موردی جعبه یادبود سریرا از کوچا(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)

نویسنده:
منبع: مطالعات باستان شناسی پارسه سال ۹ بهار ۱۴۰۴ شماره ۳۱ ۱۳۴-۱۱۳

کلیدواژه‌ها: هنر ساسانی هنر بودایی کوچا جعبه سریرا

حوزه‌های تخصصی:
تعداد بازدید : ۱۰۶ تعداد دانلود : ۱۸۴
نقوش جعبه ای موسوم به سریرا که از معبدی بودایی در محوطه سوباشی1 در شهر کوچا2 در غرب چین به دست آمده، شواهدی از ترکیب هنر ساسانی، بودایی و بومی را نشان می دهد. در همین راستا در پژوهش حاضر سعی بر آن است تا به پرسش پیشِ رو پاسخ داده شود: 1- نقوش به کار رفته در جعبه سریرا بازتاب دهنده کدام یک از باورهای مذهبی ایرانی-ساسانی است؟ 2- تأثیرگذاری هنری ایران دوره ساسانی بر کشورهای شرق فلات ایران، براساس نقوش جعبه سریرا بیشتر شامل چه نقوش و مضامینی است؟ بر اساس فرضیات مطرح شده، نقوش به کاررفته در جعبه سریرا بازتاب دهنده برخی مفاهیم مذهبی و نمادین دوره ساسانی هستند که نمونه های آن ها در قلمرو ساسانی، آسیای میانه و چین، به ویژه در امتداد مسیر جاده ابریشم مشاهده می شود. از مهم ترین نقوش مذهبی به کار رفته می توان به عناصری در ارتباط با جلوه های بصری فرهّ ی ایزدی اشاره کرد. هنر و باورهای مذهبی ساسانیان از طریق مبادلات تجاری، اهدای هدایای سلطنتی، مهاجرت سغدی ها و دیگر اقوام ایرانی تبار به چین راه یافت و آثار هنری آن مناطق را تحت تأثیر خود قرار داد. منطقه کوچا به دلیل قرارگیری در مسیر جاده ابریشم، یکی از شهرهای پرتردد و کاروان رو به شمار می آمد و شاهد ورود مسافران، و به تبع آن، حضور هنرمندان، خنیاگران و دیگر اقشار جامعه آن روزگار از ایران و دیگر کشورها بود. کوچا به تدریج به شهری تبدیل شد که موسیقی و نواختن سازهای ایرانی نظیر چنگ و بربط در آن جایگاهی والا یافت؛ در نتیجه، کوچا را می توان یکی از بهترین مکان ها برای مطالعه تأثیر هنر ساسانی بر هنر چین در نظر گرفت. با وجود اهمیت موضوع، تاکنون پژوهش مستقلی در خصوص عناصر ساسانی-ایرانی موجود در نقوش این جعبه صورت نگرفته است. پژوهش حاضر از نوع نظری بوده، با رویکردی تحلیلی-تطبیقی انجام گرفته و گردآوری اطلاعات آن به شیوه کتابخانه ای و با بهره گیری از منابع در دسترس صورت پذیرفته است.
۱۸.

روایی و گسترش فرهنگ ایرانی ساسانی در دوره دودمانی تانگ (با تأکید بر میراث ایران ساسانی در گورگاه های شیان لینگ)(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)

نویسنده:
منبع: مطالعات باستان شناسی پارسه سال ۹ بهار ۱۴۰۴ شماره ۳۱ ۱۵۴-۱۳۵

کلیدواژه‌ها: ساسانی شیان لینگ پیروز سلسله تانگ اقتباس

حوزه‌های تخصصی:
تعداد بازدید : ۱۲۱ تعداد دانلود : ۳۷۶
پیوندهای ایران و چین با دوره ساسانی به شکوه رسید؛ آنجا که دوره ساسانی را باید دومین شاهنشاهی بزرگ در پیوند با چین ارزیابی کرد. با تازش تازیان، پیوندهای فرهنگی در زیر سایه روابط امپراتوران تانگ و شاهزادگان (چین نشین) ساسانی گسترش یافت. در این موضوع باید به روابط گائوزنگ لیچی و (همسرش) شهبانو وو زوتیان با پیروز (فرزند یزدگرد)، فرزندش نرسی، پس از سکونت شاهزاده در چانگ آن (پایتخت تانگ) اشاره کرد؛ بنابر منابع، پیکره پیروز در شمار شصت و یکمین پیکره نصب شده در آرامگاه گائوزنگ و همسرش وو زتیان در شیان لینگ بوده است. سه گورگاه دیگر نیز در شیان لینگ، درهم آمیختگی با فرهنگ ساسانی دارند. این پژوهش به بررسی روایی فرهنگ ایران ساسانی در دربار شاهان تانگ و چگونگی بومی شدگی این میراث ساسانی خواهد پرداخت؛ منابع مورد مطالعه این جستار به آثار به دست آماده از گورگاه های زیرزمینی شیان لینگ محدود می شود.
۱۹.

A comparative study of the weapons of the first half of the first millennium BC in western Iran (case study of Jobji, Arjan, Kalmakareh, Ziviyeh, Kol Tarikeh and Hasanlou IVb)(مقاله پژوهشی دانشگاه آزاد)

نویسنده:
منبع: Journal of Archaeology and Archaeometry, Volume ۳, Issue ۴ - Serial Number ۱۲, March ۲۰۲۴ 55 - 79

کلیدواژه‌ها: 1st millennium BC Manna Kalmakre New Ilam Salah

حوزه‌های تخصصی:
تعداد بازدید : ۱۵۲ تعداد دانلود : ۱۵۳
The first millennium BC is very important from the point of view of archeology and the study of the cultural developments of the Iranian plateau. In the time range of the first half of the second millennium BC to the first half of the first millennium BC, the simultaneity and closeness in time and place of the New Ilam, Samatore and Manna governments and the geographical area of ​​the western belt of the Iranian plateau has caused that these governments undoubtedly Different artistic, social and political influences have left each other and the works discovered by these regimes have not been devoid of these influences and impressions. In this research, which is a type of descriptive-analytical study and in order to collect its data, reference-field methods were used, to study and compare the metal weapons of these governments and the influence of each of them on the other and that in each The rule of what kind of metals are used and also what aspects and applications of the exposed metals in each of them have been discussed. In this study, the weapons examined in the northwestern areas under the Manna government had differences in terms of shape and form from other areas in the west of Iran at that time. Its kind of metalworking art has had more effects on the type of metalworking of Samatore governments directly and Manna government indirectly.
۲۰.

The New Interpretation of the Scene of “Šābuhr Killing Deer” on the Sasanian Silver Plate from the British Museum(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)

نویسنده:
منبع: Persica Antiqua, Volume ۵, Issue ۸, January ۲۰۲۵ 35 - 58

کلیدواژه‌ها: Iranian Mithraism Sasanian Iconography Sasanian Silver Mithraism Tauroctony Sasanian art

حوزه‌های تخصصی:
تعداد بازدید : ۴۹۶ تعداد دانلود : ۳۱۵
The silver plate from the British Museum (inv. 124091) usually attributed as depicting “Šābuhr killing deer”does not have a direct parallel in Sasanian iconography. The attempts were made to explain the image in perspective of relation to Mithraism, however no detailed analysis was done. The plate represents features typical for the Sasanian silver but, at the same time it is modelled upon Mithraic tauroctony. This makes the scene a possibly important argument in discussion regarding the very existence of Iranian Mithraism. The fact that the scene is not a direct copy of the Roman tauroctony arguments for association with Iranian imagery. The scene had to be understood in Iranian terms, despite referring to Roman depictions. This supports the view of Iranian, pre-Zoroastrian Mithraic cult. 

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