درخت حوزه‌های تخصصی

Aim: This article explores the cognitive operations of the mind, examining components such as basic cognitive systems, cognitive distortion, thinking, memory, perception, feelings, and emotions. Our goal is to provide a comprehensive understanding of how these elements interact and their roles in information processing. Method: By analyzing each cognitive component, we aim to clarify the complex mechanisms of human thought and behavior. Our conscious experience evolves alongside the development of cognitive faculties, and as these faculties improve, our capacity for rational thought and conscious awareness increases. Finding: This study investigates the processes involved in the formation of logical patterns in the human mind, as well as the mechanisms underlying the emergence of cognitive distortion. Results: Cognitive distortion can significantly impact our perceptions and judgments, leading to inaccurate decisions. Recognizing and understanding these cognitive biases such as the availability heuristic, anchoring effect, and self-serving bias are crucial for enhancing critical thinking and decision-making skills. By fostering a greater awareness of our cognitive limitations, we can strive for more objective analyses in our interactions with the world, ultimately improving both our personal and collective decision-making outcomes. Conclusion: Conscious experience is essential for enhancing logical abilities by shaping cognitive processes through sensory input and interactions. It enriches reasoning with creativity and empathy, allowing our understanding of the mind to evolve as we gather new information.

Aim: The experience of failure and rejection of emotional relationships is considered a traumatic and fundamental problem in patients with bipolar disorder. This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of intervention based on coping with emotional failure in promoting distress tolerance of bipolar patients. Method: The present study was quasi-experimental with a pre-test/post-test design and follow-up with a control group. The study population included all patients with bipolar disorder in Zanjan City in 2022 among them, 30 people were selected by convenience sampling, and they were randomly divided into experimental and control groups after matching based on demographic variables. The Experimental group received 10 1-hour sessions of the protocol of coping with love trauma, and the control group did not receive training. The questionnaires on distress tolerance assessed the participants in three stages: pre-test, post-test, and follow-up (Simons & Gaher, 2005). Data were analyzed by ANOVA with repeated measure test. Result: The results showed the effectiveness of the intervention based on coping with emotional failure in increasing the distress tolerance of the experimental group compared to the control group in the post-test and follow-up stages (P <0.01). Conclusion: The present protocol can facilitate the process of coping with emotional failure and managing its consequences by dealing with transdiagnostic factors such as emotional avoidance, rumination, and other factors. In addition to reducing the likelihood of recurrence or exacerbation of the disorder, it can be used as one of the adjuvant, supportive, and rehabilitation interventions along with drug therapies to rehabilitate and improve their quality of life.