درخت حوزه‌های تخصصی

Proving helpful in an efficient management of cash in order to reach optimal cash and clearly explain relevant optimization policies, this study examined the adjustment speed of cash holding using asymmetric models. The sample consisted of 117 firms listed in Tehran Stock Exchange and their financial details over the 2009-2018 period. Once the optimal level for cash holding was identified, asymmetric models such as the dummy variable approach, the quadratic model, and the threshold regression model were employed to test the adjustment speed of cash holding. The results revealed that cash-rich firms are moving toward optimal cash at a greater speed than cash-poor firms. In addition, the results from the quadratic model showed a non-linear, skewing effect of the cash holding adjustment speed in terms of the different cash levels. Therefore, there is an optimal level of cash holding that enables firms to deviate from the cash target. Should firms fall outside the optimal cash range, cash adjustment will occur at a greater speed, and it will be both partial and asymmetric.

The accounting and auditing profession must acquire the necessary skills in ethical judgment, so that it can consider the well-being of all those affected by its performance. Without strong and moral behaviour, the position of this old art and profession is shaken. This issue should be considered more by people who want to enter this field and technology than by companies. The main purpose of this study is to identify and rank the factors affecting accounting and auditing ethics among accountants and auditors. In order to identify the effective factors, while reviewing the studies, a semi-structured interview was conducted using a qualitative method of theme analysis. The experts interviewed were sixteen university professors and activists in the accounting and auditing profession. A review of the literature, research, and interview results reveals nine key themes that categorize the factors influencing corporate accounting and auditing ethics. In this research, key factors have been identified and then the fuzzy Delphi technique has been used to rank and find the importance of the factors. The results showed that government and legal, economic, individual, social, cultural, corporate governance, organizational and intelligence factors are involved in accounting and auditing ethics, respectively.

The purpose of this study is to perform a meta-analysis of the relationship between auditor characteristics and profit quality. In order to integrate the results of different researches and identify the factors that modulate the relationships between auditor characteristics and profit quality, in this research we will use meta-analysis methodology which is one of the quantitative statistical methods. In order to implement the meta-analysis method, they were identified and collected from the websites of foreign journals (articles published in the period 2005 to 2020) and the Internet site of domestic scientific research journals (articles published during the years 2006 to 2021) as a statistical population of the research. Systematic removal has finally analyzed 50 studies; The results of studies conducted in the period and around this relationship indicate that most of these studies are heterogeneous. In order to identify the cause of this heterogeneity, by dividing the research based on different criteria for measuring profit quality and auditor characteristics and calculating intra-group chi-square statistics, we found that these different measurement criteria used in research are one of the factors of contradiction in the results. There have been researches. In the following study, it was observed that there is no significant relationship between auditor characteristics with profit smoothing and timely profit and also between non-audit services provided by the auditor and profit quality, while in contrast, there is no significant relationship between auditor characteristics and quality of accruals; Profit stability; There is the ability to predict profit and conservatism.

The main purpose of this research is to identify and analyze the effective factors of establishing a knowledge-based city in less developed areas. The research method is mixed (qualitative-quantitative). To carry out this research, in addition to studying documents, the ground theory method with MAXQDA12 software was used to identify the effective factors. The statistical population in this research was all experts in the field of public management, urban management, economics, managers of knowledge-based companies, and managers of Sistan and Baluchestan governorate and Zahedan municipality, which was conducted after conducting 17 theoretical saturation interviews. Finally, open, central, and selective codes were extracted and in the quantitative part, Dematal technique was used to determine the effectiveness of the effective dimensions on the establishment of a knowledge-based city. According to the semi-structured interviews, 6 dimensions (cause, main phenomenon, contextual, interveners, strategies, consequences) and 15 components (core codes), and 69 indicators (open code) were extracted for the establishment of the knowledge-based city. The Finding showed that dimensions of development, skill and expertise, education and technology, infrastructure, internationalization, institutional factor, urban knowledge development, knowledge management, foreign policies, laws and regulations, cultural-native, knowledge-based city development, policies, domestic, cultural conflict, and urban geography, in order from high impact to low impact, as well as dimensions of urban geography, cultural conflict, internal policies, knowledge-based city development, cultural-native, laws and regulations, foreign policies, knowledge management, knowledge development urban, institutional factor, internationalization, infrastructural, education and technology, skill and expertise and development are respectively from high effectiveness to low effectiveness.

The current article examines the trends and performance of research on the types of effects of the COVID-19 epidemic and the different management strategies of perishable goods supply chain disruptions during 2 years (2020-2022) using bibliometric and network analysis based on the data set from the Scopus database using VOSviewer software. The analysis designates that Kumar A. has been the most influential author in perishable goods supply chain research during the COVID-19 pandemic, and India has contributed the most in this field. The most repeated keywords were resilience, food supply, and perishable food supply chain. Citation analysis indicated that resilience and sustainability are the mainstream of research in articles with high citations. The network analysis also disclosed that resilience and sustainability are the key themes in the clusters. Furthermore, strategies for managing disruption during the COVID-19 pandemic were extracted from the highly-cited articles, which are presented in this article.

Hospitals are the most important part of the healthcare system. Statistics show that a significant portion of health budgets are allocated to hospitals. The continuous impact of information technology on hospitals’ performance has led to perfect competition. Accordingly, this study aimed to evaluate the quality indicators of hospital services considering information technology using a hybrid approach of the Kano model, Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP), and Quality Function Deployment (QFD). In this regard, based on related studies, a total of 18 needs were recognized to evaluate the service quality of a hospital. The statistical population of the study consisted of patients of the hospital and due to the difficulty of access to the patient, a limited sample of 50 patients was selected. After collecting data, the identified needs were classified into three categories called basic, functional, and motivational using the Kano model, and 7 needs were set as basic needs. Then, using the AHP technique, the importance of the basic needs was calculated and considered as the input of the QFD model in the next phase. After providing some solutions based on the literature to meet these 7 needs, solutions were ranked and prioritized using the QFD model. Since the organization had limited resources, the Pareto technique was used to respond to 20% of these strategies and achieve 80% satisfaction. The results of the study showed that the hospitals can achieve 80% satisfaction by implementing the strategies of “holding ethics training courses online” and “creating team spirit and using health information technology in the hospital”, respectively.

This study aimed to create an experience-based tourism model for creative cultural  attractions. This research is mixed in terms of methodology. In the qualitative part, the  qualitative content analysis method was used. The statistical population for this part was  experts who were selected by the snowball sampling method. The structural equation  method was used in the quantitative part. The second statistical population included  visitors to Tehran's creative cultural attractions; 384 samples were selected by random  sampling. The model was designed based on the research results. The desired model  consists of three parts before the visit, during the visit, and after the visit. Before the  visit, the individual characteristics, image, motivation, and visitors’ expectations directly  impacted the creative experience. During the visit, the creative experience directly  impacted the experiencescape and the memorable experience process, and the  experiencescape affected visitors’ memorable experience process directly. After the  visit, the visitor's memorable experiences directly influenced satisfaction and lasting  memories. This study's findings lead to creating creative experiences for visitors and  developing creative cultural attractions. The tourism industry policymakers can rank  creative cultural attractions by setting up a registration system for them, awarding  creative certificates to prominent attractions, and providing them with the basis of  progress