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Carrier’s obligation of seaworthiness is among the controversial areas in legal systems around the world. Despite The interpretable concept of the commitment to seaworthiness, the damage caused by its violation is not limited to cargo or passengers. Carrier’s negligence of this legal requirement may also cause a ship to sink or sustain damage. Nevertheless, lack of clarity about the bilateral attention of commitment to the supply of seaworthiness to ships in addition to cargo or passengers can lead to the identification of this requirement based on legal regulations. The burden of proof in this case could be based on proved fault in contrast with the liability for cargo or passengers. Finally, it is necessary to highlight the importance of identification of such liability for the carrier in maritime law due to the deterrent effect. To achieve the aim of this study, a descriptive method will be conducted in this paper analyzing the carrier liability from a new angle by considering the ship damage resulting from the violation of commitment to the supply of seaworthiness.

This study was conducted with the aim of designing a leisure model for cultural figures in the port city of Nowshahr with an emphasis on beach and sea sports. Based on the purpose, this research was an applied research, and based on the data collection method, it was a survey-descriptive research. The statistical population of this study consisted of all educators of Nowshahr who use the beaches of Nowshahr for leisure; a total of 285 educators from Nowshahr were selected as a sample. The research instrument was a researcher-made questionnaire including four sections of demographic information, factors affecting leisure time, leisure time constraints, and how to spend leisure time with 49 questions. According to the objectives of this study, the correlation method and the component ranking method were performed by Friedman test using SPSS software. The results showed that social and cultural factors, safety and security, human factors, socializing with friends, and physical health and fitness, respectively, showed the highest average rank in determining the factors affecting the way cultural figures spend their leisure time in Nowshahr-port city; The results also showed that the lack of facilities; The limitations of environmental and health problems and the limitations and costs of financial issues showed the most limitations in the way of spending the leisure time of the cultural figures of Nowshahr-portcity, respectively. On the other hand, the results showed a correlation between active leisure time with physical health and fitness; Socializing with friends, human factors; There was a significant relationship between safety and security and social and cultural factors; Also according to the results between inactive leisure with physical health and fitness; Socializing with friends, human factors; There was a significant relationship between safety and security and social and cultural factors.

Artificial intelligence (AI) has a huge potential to transform industry and society. Its benefits are widely recognized, and it has become a tool of strategic importance for the European Union and a major driver of economic development. However, as with any technological development, it also comes with challenges that must be assessed and, if necessary, addressed by policy makers and businesses. Artificial intelligence has been a big challenge for the insurance industry for decades and is creating fundamental changes in the way this industry operates. The application of artificial intelligence to eliminate repetitive tasks and improve efficiency is visible in the market of porter insurance and commercial insurance. On the contrary, personalization of insurance through artificial intelligence is limited to personal lines and SME business. However, its application in commercial insurance including various marine levels will be widely involved in the near future. It is likely that AI will have a broad impact on the insurance value chain, from underwriting and claims management to distribution and customer service to asset management. As a result, insurance executives should be familiar with the new technologies involved in this change and how artificial intelligence can help organizations produce innovative products, gather valuable insights from new sources, streamline processes, and improve customer service. The purpose of this article is to make interested people and people involved in the insurance matter familiar with the potential benefits related to artificial intelligence applications and to motivate academics to study controversial topics in this field. For this purpose, we have only referred to the study of existing articles and research regarding the use of artificial intelligence in the insurance industry, especially marine insurance, and its effects on the compensation of losses caused by it.

Iran as a maritime country, despite having a strategic position in the Middle East, and about 4,900 km of coastline along the northern coasts of the Persian Gulf and the Sea of Oman and the transit communication axis between the Caspian Sea and Persian Gulf, plays a decisive role in regional and international trade, therefore, it must have comprehensive and complete maritime laws so that it can comply with the international community and national and international issues. The importance of maritime rights should be evaluated according to various factors, including the strength of the national fleet, the level of movement and activity of the country's ports, and the country's geographical position in the region. The present study is descriptive and analytical in terms of nature and library method. In this study, the qualitative method of data analysis was used. In collecting sources and data, relevant books and laws were referred to, and the method of recording study slips was used. In the end, suggestions have been made to improve Iran's maritime law conditions. 

Corruption in the public sector, characterized by the misuse of public office for personal gain, has become a complex issue that has garnered significant attention since the 1990s. Recognized as a crucial component of good governance, the detrimental impacts of corruption are particularly evident in public administration, policy, and governance. Corruption not only leads to financial losses but also undermines the principles of good governance, erodes public trust in institutions, and distorts the allocation of public resources. This research aims to comprehensively analyze Iran's initiatives in combating corruption within the realms of public administration, policy, and governance. Over the past two decades, Iran has established numerous anti-corruption institutions and enacted relevant laws. However, similar to many other developing countries, Iran's experience highlights the limited effectiveness of institutionalization in curbing corruption. Reports from Transparency International indicate a simultaneous increase in the number of anti-corruption institutions and the severity of Iran's corruption ranking in recent years. To address this challenge, it is recommended that Iran focus on ensuring transparency and accountability, adhering to the principles of good governance, and empowering civil society. By embracing these measures, Iran can make significant progress in combating corruption and promoting effective public administration.