درخت حوزه‌های تخصصی

Service providers are central to the growth and competitiveness of platform-based businesses. Their collaborative and conscientious behavior plays a pivotal role in driving value co-creation across these digital ecosystems. This study examines how service providers’ conscientious behavior on the Instagram platform facilitates effective value co-creation, highlighting its pivotal role in creating mutual benefits for both providers and service recipients. This study is applied research aimed at examining service providers’ collaborative behavior on the Instagram platform and employs a descriptive survey design. The statistical population comprised all Instagram users acting as service providers, with a purposive, non-probability sample of 235 participants. Based on theoretical foundations and prior studies, collaborative behavior was conceptualized through four dimensions: conscientious behavior, personal interaction, informational behavior, and altruistic behavior. “The validity of the research instrument was assessed using confirmatory factor analysis, and reliability was confirmed through Cronbach’s alpha and composite reliability. Following data collection, K-Means clustering was applied to classify service providers, and research hypotheses were tested. The results identified two clusters: conservative conscientious service providers and perfectionistic conscientious service providers. Further analyses indicated significant relationships between informational behavior, altruistic behavior, and personal interactions with both clusters. Additionally, significant differences were observed in altruistic behavior, personal interactions, and informational behavior between conservative and perfectionistic conscientious service providers.

One of the most important determinants of bank profitability is the bank's financing strategy. Therefore, banks must continuously innovate to design and implement new financing instruments. Among these, Islamic financial instruments—particularly sukuk—play a significant role. The present study investigates the impact of sukuk on different levels of profitability (low, medium, and high) for 24 Islamic banks and 12 conventional banks, considering additional control variables such as GDP growth and inflation. The analysis covers the period 2003–2023 and specifically examines the role of the 2008 global financial crisis. Using dynamic panel quantile regression, the findings reveal that during the crisis, the expansion of the sukuk market positively influenced the profitability of conventional banks but negatively affected Islamic banks, with the strongest reduction observed among banks with low profitability. In contrast, outside the crisis period, sukuk development shows a mixed effect: negative for both Islamic and conventional banks at low and high levels of profitability, while remaining neutral in the middle quantiles.

The United States, recognized as the leading global producer and consumer of oil, significantly influences the dynamics of the international oil market. Therefore, changes in governments and their policies in the energy sector have a significant impact on the oil market, especially for oil-exporting countries like Iran. Hence, it is imperative to conduct an analytical assessment of the implications arising from the transition of political power in the United States on the global oil market dynamics. This study examines the implications of Trump's energy policies on the global petroleum market, focusing on Iran. The research employs a qualitative, descriptive-analytical method using desk research to explore how these policies impact Iran's oil exports, market share, and geopolitical standing. Under the Trump administration, the U.S. pursued an "energy dominance" agenda characterized by increased fossil fuel production, deregulation, and a confrontational stance towards OPEC. This neo- mercantilist approach aimed to bolster U.S. energy security and economic leverage. Trump’s Key policies include expanding fossil fuel production, lifting ecological restrictions, and promoting unilateralism in the oil and gas trade. This will likely lead to a decrease in oil prices in global markets, which will, in turn, result in reduced oil revenues for Iran and put pressure on its share. Additionally, Trump's policy of regional confrontation with Iran could also impact these outcomes.