درخت حوزه‌های تخصصی

Aim: The purpose of this study was to compare self-acceptance, self-compassion and fear of negative evaluation by others in blind, visually impaired and normal people. Method: The method of this causal-comparative research and its statistical population included all blind, partially sighted and sighted people in Ardabil city in 2022. 60 people (30 blind, 30 visually impaired) were selected as the study group using the available sampling method and 30 people (sighted people) were selected as the comparison group through comparison and formed the research sample. They gave. To collect information, Lori's (1983) fear of negative evaluation, Neff's (2003) self-compassion, and Chamberlain and Haga's (2001) unconditional self-acceptance questionnaires were used. The obtained data were analyzed using multivariate and univariate analysis of variance. Findings: The results showed that there is a significant difference between self-acceptance, self-compassion and fear of negative evaluation by others among three groups of blind, partially sighted and normal people. In this way, self-acceptance and self-compassion are lower in blind people than in visually impaired people and lower in visually impaired people than in normal people. Also, in the scale of fear of negative evaluation by others, blind people, visually impaired people and normal people obtained more scores (P < 0.01). Conclusion: Accurate recognition and full attention to individual differences by professionals who provide psychological services to people with visual impairments can lead to the design and detailed educational plans for this group.

Aim: The present study aimed to compare the effectiveness of Mindfulness-Based Relationship Enhancement (MBRE) and Emotion Focused (EFT) therapies on marital satisfaction and intimacy in couples with low self-disclosure. Method: This research was a semi-experimental study with a pre-test, post-test, and follow-up design with experimental and control groups. The statistical population of the research included all the couples who referred to the counseling centers of Kermanshah, Iran, in 2022-2023 who had a low level of self-disclosure. 30 couples were selected by convenience sampling method and randomly replaced in two experimental and control groups. The first experimental group underwent MBRE (eight 90-minute couple sessions) and the second experimental group EFT intervention (nine 90-minute couple sessions). The control group did not receive any intervention. The Marital Self-Disclosure (Waring et al. 1998), the short form of the Marital Satisfaction (Favers and Olson, 1993) and the Intimacy (Walker and Thompson, 1983) scales were used for collecting the data. Results: The results of Analysis of Variance with repeated measures (Mixed Model) showed that both interventions increased marital satisfaction and intimacy (p<0.01) and this effect was maintained during the follow-up period. Also, findings indicated that there is a significant difference between MBRE and EFT therapies; MBRE has been more effective in increasing marital satisfaction and intimacy than EFT (p<0.05). Conclusion: MBRE has been more effective than the EFT on solving the marital satisfaction and intimacy due to the involvement of couples in mind-body relationship and mental self-awareness. Therefore, this treatment is suggested to marital counselors.

Aim: This study was conducted with the aim of effecting of dialectical behavior therapy in reducing negative perfectionism in perfectionist girls. Method: In this research, a quantitative single-subject test method with an A-B baseline was used. A statistical sample of 3 students aged 16-19 years old, from teenage girls, were selected by a purposive sampling method, through interviews, and Frost's perfectionism questionnaire (1990). Based on 3 baseline plans, the intervention was started. After performing three baseline measures, the intervention phase started with the implementation of dialectical behavior therapy. In the intervention phase, dialectical behavior therapy instruction was held with a preliminary session and 10 weekly one-hour therapy sessions, and skills related to research were taught. Finding: The analysis of the findings using graphical analysis showed that dialectical behavior therapy was effective in reducing the negative perfectionism of perfectionist girls. Conclusion: The results of the research indicated that dialectical behavior therapy is effective in reducing the negative perfectionism of teenagers. Therefore, it is suggested that the dialectical behavior therapy method be used for teenagers.

Creativity is an essential element of cognition and thinking. Thinking is defined as the process of reorganizing or modifying the stored information and symbols in long-term memory. In this context, creativity is closely linked to analytical ability and the mind's capacity for visualization. The present study aims to predict creative thinking and emotional creativity based on executive brain functions among second-grade high school students in Jafarabad city. The study employs a correlational methodology with descriptive characteristics and applied purposes. The statistical population consists of all male and female second-grade high school students in Jafarabad city, totaling 493 individuals. The sample size was determined Using Cochran's formula, resulting in the selection of 218 students. Standardized questionnaires for Abedi Creative Thinking Questionnaire 2013, Ivoril emotional creativity questionnaire 1999, and Questionnaire of executive functions of the rescue brain 2013 were used as data collection tools. The results of the reliability calculation of the questionnaires showed that Cronbach's alpha coefficient was estimated for creative thinking (0.84), emotional creativity (0.92) and brain executive function (0.79). which shows that the questionnaires are at an acceptable level. The data were analyzed using SPSS software, including descriptive and inferential analyses through tables, demographic charts, and regression analysis. The results suggest that executive brain function components can predict both creative thinking and emotional creativity.