درخت حوزه‌های تخصصی

Background : People who use Outdoor fitness equipment in parks and gardens do not know how to use these machines and their use may cause them various types of injuries. Aim: Outdoor fitness equipment in parks from the perspective of sports injuries cognition was evaluated for people with hyperlordosis, chronic low back pain, and healthy individuals in two groups with and without a coach and training. Materials and Methods: In this quasi-experimental study, 30 middle-aged women with a mean and standard age deviation (48.96 ± 8.21 years) volunteered to participate in the study and were purposefully divided into two experimental groups (15 people). Controls (n = 15) were divided. There were 10 patients in each group with hyperlordosis and chronic low back pain and 5 healthy people. Pain intensity and lumbar lordosis angle were determined by VAS questionnaire and using a flexible ruler, respectively. The present study was performed for 60 minutes 3 days a week for 12 weeks. Results : After 12 weeks of training with training, a significant decrease in pain level ( P = 0.639, t= 0.481) was observed in the experimental group compared to the control group, but there was a significant difference in lumbar lordosis ( P = -1.246), t= 0.235) users were not observed. Discussion and Conclusion : The results of this study showed that working with Park Sports Equipment with the presence of a coach and proper training reduces back pain in users with chronic low back pain and develops the general health of users of these devices.

The goal of this study was to compare the use of sports facilities of selected universities in Iran with some Canadian universities. This study was comparative and data collection was done through interviews with directors of physical education departments of the selected universities. All the universities studied in this paper are faced with a crisis of financial resources and revenue generation; however, a common weak point of Iranian universities is that they lack initial plan for efficient design as well as expert designers in construction of university spaces. Based on the findings, in the Canadian universities the facilities have the highest multi-purpose applications. Accordingly, practical and applicable recommendations have been suggested to office of development plans of Iran’s ministry of science, research and technology to improve the operation of sports facilities in Iranian universities.

Sports are generally competitive and stressful. Competitive sport anxiety in athletes affects sports self-efficacy. The present study aimed to investigate the relationship of competitive anxiety and mindfulness with sports self-efficacy of male athletes mediated by family cohesion. The statistical population of this descriptive-correlational study covered all male athletes in Masjed Soleyman, Iran in 2021, and a sample of 258 athletes was selected using convenience sampling. The research tools included the Sports Self-Efficacy Questionnaire, Competitive Sports Anxiety Questionnaire, the Mindfulness Inventory for Sport, and the Family Cohesion Questionnaire. The proposed model was evaluated using path analysis, and indirect correlations were tested with bootstrapping. The results suggested that all direct paths to sport self-efficacy were significant except athletic mindfulness (p<0.01), and indirect paths to sports self-efficacy became significant through family cohesion (p<0.01). According to the results of this study, the proposed model had good fitness and was a major step toward recognizing the factors affecting sports self-efficacy in male athletes as it can be helpful in designing effective plans to reduce males' experienced tension and improve their sports self-efficacy.