درخت حوزه‌های تخصصی

Nowadays, most of Businesses have faced a great challenge for entering a new market. The existence conditions have forced the managers to apply the innovative methods for simultaneous analyzing of various factors for arrival to special markets. This paper prioritizes a few target markets using two methods. First, the problem is solved by the combined method of hierarchical analysis and Monte Carlo simulation, and then by the method of fuzzy hierarchical analysis and finally the results of both methods are compared. The considered problem in this study relates to a factory of prefabricated building components that is looking for establishing the sale agencies in appropriate towns in order to introduce and distribute the new products. In order to prioritize cities, desired criteria are determined through interviews with experts and investigating the previous studies. The research findings have shown that based on the four main criteria and seven related sub-criteria, the prioritization of selected cities as markets has been A-D-C-B respectively. In the end, it is concluded that based on the findings of this study, managers and stakeholders should pay attention to these priorities in choosing the target market. In this research, for the first time, the combined Monte Carlo technique and hierarchical analysis have been used to select the market. Market selection is one of the issues that has always been a concern of managers and has been associated with a lot of risk. Using Monte Carlo simulation algorithm and hierarchical analysis, by considering different decision intervals, greatly reduces the risk of selection, so this technique is recommended to managers of organizations as a practical method in market selection.

Spirituality is an inner and natural concept and a truth in the heart of the universe that human beings can achieve in the context of travel and tourism, as well as in the path of movement and communication with society, the universe, and God. The revival of high values ​​and indicators aims to create and recreate a new identity and promote to create and recreate the sense of spirituality in a meaningful relationship between tourists and visitors with the environment. The environment and elements in the urban space in macro-planning is a crucial and undeniable issue. This article examines the role of art and architecture in strengthening the spiritual dimension of tourism with an emphasis on aesthetic elements. For this purpose, seven examples of ancient historical and religious buildings in Qazvin, including Saad Al-Saltanah Palace, Chehel Sotun Palace, Aali Qapo Mansion, Darb-e Koushk Gate, Jameh Mosque, Al-Nabi Mosque, and Imamzadeh Hussein (AS), have been studied. Accordingly, by applying an analytical-descriptive approach based on library documents and by using Content Analysis and inferential method, this study identified elements, indicators, and components of aesthetics that lead to promotion the sense of spirituality of tourists in tourist places. These components include environmental psychology, the importance and impact of urban space and landscape, art and perception of aesthetics, beauty and perfection, color and light, geometry and its application in sacred art, geometry in Islamic decorations and patterns, form and structure of Islamic art and transcendent values in Iranian-Islamic art patterns.