علی محمدزاده

Introduction and Objective: Since their development the Wisconsin Schizotypy Scales have been extensively used to assess schizotypy in clinical and nonclinical samples. The purpose of this study was to examine the psychometric properties of the short forms of the Wisconsin Schizotypy Scales (SWSS) in an Iranian population. Research Methodology: This research was a correlational design. Three hundred and twelve participants from universities students along with thirty-four schizophrenic patient, and fifty theirs first degree relatives were included in this study. Participants answered to Persian version of SWSS, Short form Oxford-Liverpool Inventory of Feelings and Experiences (SO-LIFE) Questionnaire and Coleridge’s STA scale. Findings: The results showed internal consistency in terms of Cronbach's α, and test–retest reliability. The results of the two methods showed a good reliability for the shortened WSS. Concurrent validity was tested by comparing with SO-LIFE and STA which showed acceptable relationship. Differential validity was tested by comparing SWSS scores between schizophrenic patients, theirs first degree relatives and normal people which was acceptable. Conclusion: Moreover, the factor structure of Persian version of SWSS showed two factor solutions, and resembles that seen in previous related studies, providing further cross-cultural empirical evidence of the two factorial structures of the WSS. The present results provide the further demonstration of the validity of the shortened WSS and support their use in the study of schizotypy particularly among Iranian population.

Introduction and Objective: The Multidimensional Orientation Toward Dying and Death Inventory (MODDI-F) is a 47-item self-report scale. This study aimed to assess the psychometric properties of the MODDI-F in a sample of Muslims. Research Methodology: In this study, which was a cross-sectional design, 465 individuals (220 men and 245 women) were selected by random sampling and completed the Death Anxiety Scale (DAS), the Death Obsession Scale (DOS), the Death Depression Scale (DDS), and the MODDI-F. Data were analyzed using principal component analysis and multiple analyses of variance (MANOVA). Findings: The factor analysis results using principal component analysis (PCA) showed that the MODDI-F was a multidimensional scale and four factors including fear of oneself death, fear of other’s death, death loneliness, and death acceptance explained the most variances respectively. Females had higher scores on the MODDI-F than males. In order to examine concurrent validity of the MODDI-F, the relations of the MODDI-F to the DAS, the DOS, and the DDS were investigated. The results showed that the MODDI-F had an appropriate concurrent validity. In addition, three types of reliability (test-retest, split-half, and internal consistency) were reported. Conclusion: Considering desirable psychometric properties of the MODDI-F in the present study, this scale can be used in research on death among Iranian people.

Resilience is a psychological characteristic that enables individuals to return to their normal lives after experiencing adversity and stressful situations, thereby preventing feelings of failure and defeat in life. In medical communities, due to high-pressure job demands and environmental stressors, resilience is considered one of the most critical components of psychological well-being, closely linked to one’s professional role and job satisfaction. In this regard, the present study investigates the effect of the Five Major Personality Factors on resilience, with the mediating role of cognitive emotion regulation. The statistical population consisted of physicians working at Imam Reza Hospital in Tabriz during the second half of the 2024-2025 academic year. Following the acquisition of the ethics approval code (IR.IAU.TABRIZ.REC.14040.182) a sample of 384 individuals was selected based on Morgan's table through stratified random sampling with proportional allocation across four strata: internal medicine (male), internal medicine (female), neurology (male), and neurology (female), according to the actual distribution in the population. The participants completed the NEO Five-Factor Inventory (NEO-FFI; 1985), the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC; 2003), and the Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (CERQ; Garnefski & Kraaij, 2006). Data were analyzed using structural equation modeling (SEM) with partial least squares (PLS) in Smart PLS software. The results indicated that all of the Five Major Personality Factors, except for openness to experience and agreeableness, had a significant effect on resilience. Moreover, all personality traits except agreeableness significantly influenced resilience through the mediating variable of cognitive emotion regulation. Based on these findings, it can be concluded that individuals’ level of resilience is influenced by their personality traits and the factors affecting their emotion regulation.