درخت حوزه‌های تخصصی

هدف پژوهش بررسی نقش رهبری اخلاقی مدیران در تعالی سازمانی مدرسه با میانجی گری توانمندسازی روانشناختی معلمان بود. جامعه پژوهش کلیه معلمان دوره متوسطه دوم شهر سنندج به تعداد 1132 نفر، که از این جامعه با روش نمونه گیری طبقه ای تصادفی نسبی و بر مبنای فرمول کوکران نمونه ای به حجم 287 نفر انتخاب شد. روش پژوهش کمی، توصیفی و از نوع مطالعات همبستگی است. جهت گردآوری داده ها  از سه پرسشنامه رهبری اخلاقی براون، تروینو و هریسون (2005)، توانمندسازی روانشناختی اسپریتزر (1995) و پرسشنامه ارزیابی نتایج تعالی سازمانی دمینگ (2003) استفاده شد. برای تعیین پایایی از آلفای کرونباخ و روایی از تحلیل عاملی تأییدی استفاده شد. جهت تحلیل داده ها از مدل یابی معادلات ساختاری با استفاده از نرم افزار LISREL10.30 استفاده شد. یافته ها نشان داد که رهبری اخلاقی مدیران و توانمندسازی روانشناختی معلمان اثر معنادار بر تعالی سازمانی مدرسه در سطح 05/0 دارند. رهبری اخلاقی با میانجیگری توانمندسازی روانشناختی معلمان بر تعالی سازمانی مدرسه در سطح 05/0 اثر دارد. همچنین متغیرهای رهبری اخلاقی مدیران و توانمندسازی روانشناختی معلمان قادر به تبیین 53% واریانس متغیر تعالی سازمانی مدرسه بودند.

Digital communication technologies could play a pivotal role in the realm of learning, entertainment, and education for children, and could significantly affect the nature of commercial relations with children. The use of media as new communication technologies for children over the past decade has hosted many researches. The present study aimed to determine the effect of advertising literacy education on 6th-grade primary school female students' critical thinking skills in facing the media commercial messages in the city of Dezful in 2019-2020. The population consisted of all the 6th-grade primary school students in the city of Tehran, of which 60 students were selected using the random clustering method and randomly assigned into two groups of experiment and control. The tool used in this study was Cornell Critical Thinking Test (CCTT), and analysis of covariance was used to analyze the data. The results showed that advertising literacy affected students' critical thinking. The effects on students' inductive reasoning, deductive reasoning, and observational analysis of advertising messages, credibility, and hypothesizing power were found significant.

This research has been done with a mixed exploratory method with the aim of identifying the perception and the degree of observance of professional ethics of school principals. The required data were collected using a questionnaire and a semi-structured interview. The statistical population of the study included all secondary school principals in Birjand. In quantitative phase, 75 people were selected as a sample by relative random sampling. 375 people were selected to be surveyed about the level of professional ethics of their managers. Then, based on the analysis of the findings of the quantitative stage of the research, the participants in the qualitative stage of the research (16 people) were selected by purposive sampling. Descriptive and inferential statistical indicators were used to analyze quantitative data and interpretive analysis was used to analyze qualitative data. The results show that from the perspective of teachers, the professional ethics of principal is at a desirable level. Also, the variables of gender and level of education did not make a significant difference in the level of observance of managers' professional ethics. The results of the qualitative phase of the research also represented school principals' perceptions of professional ethics in five main dimensions, including benefit-oriented ethics, person-centered ethics, duty-based ethics, rights-oriented ethics, & justice-oriented ethics. Each of which included several categories. Also, the results obtained from data analysis showed that school principals have a better understanding of task-oriented ethics than other dimensions of professional ethics and benefit-oriented ethics is at a higher level in terms of compliance than other dimensions. But the dimension of justice-oriented ethics was lower than other dimensions in terms of both understanding and observance.