درخت حوزه‌های تخصصی

Distance education pedagogy to be successful requires teachers with different levels of computer, information, and multimedia literacy. Teachers' computer literacy has caught considerable attention due to the great opportunities provided by modern technology for promoting language education. The present study explored computer, information, and multimedia literacy of 255 Iranian EFL teachers. To collect data, we developed and validated Computer, Information, and Multimedia Literacy Questionnaire for EFL Teachers (CIM-LQ for EFL Teachers), a five-point Likert scale questionnaire containing three sections to examine the participants' responses. The obtained data were analyzed using SPSS software version 20.  The findings revealed that the level of EFL teachers' multimedia and information literacy ranged from low to moderate which necessitates improving teachers' training courses and preparing them for implementing technologies in real language teaching contexts. The findings have implications for both teacher education programs including both pre-service and in-service teacher training courses and EFL teachers' practice. 

Purpose: Thesis writing always has been associated with many challenges in different fields and areas and based on this, the present research was conducted with the aim of presenting a pattern of managing the challenges of thesis writing in the educational-research field. Methodology: The current research in terms of implementation method was qualitative and in terms of purpose was applied. The research population was students and graduates of the PhD period of humanities fields at the Islamic Azad University in 2020-21 academic years, which from them number of 12 people were selected as a sample according to the principle of theoretical saturation and with the purposeful sampling method. Data were collected by semi-structured interviews whose validity by 15 professors was obtained by the relative content validity coefficient method 0.84 and its reliability by the Holsti coefficient method was obtained 0.83. Finally, the data were analyzed by methods of open, axial and selective coding and thematic analysis in MAXQDA-18 software. Findings: The findings showed that managing the challenges of thesis writing in the educational-research field had 74 indicators, 13 components and 4 dimensions. The educational gap dimension has includes three components of computer and software training gap, the lack of familiarity with new research methods and the gap in the practical thesis writing course, choosing the subject dimension has includes three components of lack of paying attention to interdisciplinary subjects, lack of suitable guide for choosing subject and not lack of paying attention to students' interests, cooperation of professors dimension has includes five components of back-promising, restrictions on the selection of supervisors, scientific disability of supervisors, lack of access to professors and lack of commitment and responsibility and educational content dimension has includes two components of lack of access to first-hand sources and lack of easy access to content. Finally, pattern of managing the challenges of thesis writing in the educational-research field was drawn using the theme network method. Conclusion: According to the results of this research, planning it seems necessary to managing the challenges of thesis based on the identified dimensions, components and indicators.

  سرمایه انسانی بیشتر در بهره وری، رشد اقتصادی، بهبود و تامین کیفیت زندگی بهتر در جهان می شود. توسعه منابع انسانی به معنای هر فعالیتی است که برای بهبود و ارتقای شایستگی های حرفه ای از طریق بهبود دانش، مهارت ها و نگرش های آنها طراحی شده است. مدیریت منابع انسانی در مدارس بر اساس جایگاه و نقش مهمی که در توسعه سیاسی، اجتماعی و فرهنگی، مهم است. هدف از این پژوهش طراحی مدل سازی توسعه منابع انسانی در مدرسه با نظریه نظریه پایه (GT) بود. بر این اساس ابزار مصاحبه طراحی و در مرحله بعد با شرکت کنندگان در پژوهش انتخاب و مصاحبه در مورد تجزیه و تحلیل قرار گرفت و بر اساس نتایج تحلیل داده ها موضوعات بررسی و ارائه شد. شرکت کنندگان در این پژوهش 25 نفر از کارشناسان پرورشی شامل معاون وزیر، مشاور وزیر، مدیرکل ستادی وزارتخانه، رئیس سازمان آموزش و استان و مدیر مدرسه بودند که در زمستان 1398 با آنها مصاحبه شد. این مطالعه با نمونه هدف آغاز شد. ورود، تحصیل تخصصی با مدرک کارشناسی ارشد، سابقه کار در سطح وزارتخانه، معاون وزیر، مدیر کل و رئیس سازمان استان بود. و حداقل 10 سال سابقه مدیریت در مدارس با جمعیت دانش آموزی بالای هزار نفر. گروهی که به اشباع داده بودند بر اساس نمونه گیری نظری ادامه دادند. ابزار جمع آوری داده ها