درخت حوزه‌های تخصصی

Based on the integrated and Distinctive view of Miyak et al. (2000), Executive Functions are a set of related and distinct structures that allow individuals to strive for self-regulation, thoughts, and actions towards the goal of Special help. Self-regulation as metacognitive knowledge as defined by Flavell (1979) and follows Dornyei’s (2005) call to focus on the psychological perspectives of language learning. This study aimed to explore the relationship between a deficiency in the executive function of the brain and writing skills through the mediation of self-regulatory strategies. In this study, 150 Iranian EFL university students were selected. Using Simple random sampling of a population of 630 .they were asked to fill out a self-regulatory strategy questioner by Wang and Bai (2013) and a questionnaire of efficacy in the executive function of the brain by Barkley (2011) and during the course, students were asked to write 7 pieces of writing in the General genre. The study Method was a Descriptive type of correlation. Structural equation modeling was used to analyze data. The research model had a good fit and the factor structure considered acceptable. The results of the study showed that there was a correlation among research variables at the level of 0.01. Considering individual differences, including executive function of the brain, and improving these differences by applying English language learning strategies can be effective in increasing writing skills

Purpose: The present study aimed to describe the elements of the preschool curriculum with a problem-solving approach from the perspective of curriculum planning specialists and educational psychologists.  Methodology: This study was a qualitative study conducted in Tehran. The population consisted of curriculum specialists (n=200) and educational psychologists (n=238) who were selected using the purposive snowball sampling method, and 24 subjects were studied until reaching theoretical saturation. Semi-structured interviews were used to collect data. To analyze and interpret the data, the method of thematic analysis through coding was used. Findings: The findings indicated that from the perspective of curriculum planning specialists and educational psychologists, a problem-solving curriculum for preschoolers includes goals (cognitive, attitudinal, functional), content (organization, presentation methods), teaching methods (traditional methods, attention to learner's age, instructor's characteristics, and active methods), learning activities (individual, group), instructional materials (features and types of resources), space (physical characteristics of facilities), time (duration, attention to the child's preparedness and age), grouping (attention to responsibility, respect for others, attention to ethics considerations, attention to group homogeneity, nature of the problem, group heterogeneity, number of group members, gender, age, personal differences), and evaluation (of the program based on personal, procedural, quantitative, and descriptive differences).  Conclusion: Given the importance of the Comments, it can be continuously applied to and formulated for the preschool level to raise problem-solving skills in children and foster their abilities to understand and reflect on life in the future society.

Purpose: Regarded to the importance of professors' effectiveness, the purpose of this study was structural modeling of the impact of entrepreneurial thinking and professional commitment on professors' effectiveness with the mediating role of satisfaction from organizational climate among professors of Islamic Azad University of Urmia Branch. Methodology: This study in terms of purpose was applied and in terms of implementation method was cross-sectional from type of quantitative. The research population was the professors of the Islamic Azad University of Urmia Branch in the 2020-21 academic years, which based on the Cochran's formula the sample size was estimated 227 people who were selected by stratified random sampling method according to different colleges. The research instruments of the present study were the Questionnaires of entrepreneurial thinking (Scarborough & Zimmerer, 1990), professional commitment (Allen & Meyer, 1990), professors' effectiveness (Salimi & Ramezani, 2014) and satisfaction from organizational climate (Bontis, 1998). Data were analyzed by structural equation modeling in SPSS-21 and SmartPLS-2 software. Findings: The results showed that entrepreneurial thinking and professional commitment had a positive and direct effect on satisfaction from organizational climate and professors' effectiveness and satisfaction from organizational climate had a positive and direct effect on professors' effectiveness. Also, entrepreneurial thinking and professional commitment had a positive and indirect effect on the professors' effectiveness with the mediating role of satisfaction from organizational climate (P<0.01). Conclusion: According to the results of this research, to improve the professors' effectiveness can be used by promoting entrepreneurial thinking, professional commitment and satisfaction from organizational climate.