درخت حوزه‌های تخصصی

آموزش کودکان استثنایی

حوزه‌های تخصصی
ادبیات اقتصاد تاریخ تربیت بدنی جغرافیا حقوق روانشناسی زبان شناسی علم اطلاعات و دانش‌شناسی علوم اجتماعی علوم اسلامی علوم انسانی علوم تربیتی علوم سیاسی فلسفه و منطق مدیریت مطالعات زنان هنر و معماری
آموزش کودکان استثنایی برنامه ریزی آموزشی برنامه ریزی درسی تکنولوژی آموزشی روشها و فنون تدریس طراحی فضاهای آموزشی فعالیتهای هنری و بازی ها مدیریت آموزشی
کودکان با مشکلات حرکتی کودکان تیزهوش کودکان عقب مانده ذهنی کودکان نابینا و ناشنوا کودکان ناسازگار ناتوانان یادگیری
ترتیب بر اساس: جدیدترینپربازدیدترین
فیلترهای جستجو: فیلتری انتخاب نشده است.
نمایش ۱٬۹۶۱ تا ۱٬۹۸۰ مورد از کل ۲٬۰۱۸ مورد.
۱۹۶۱.

The Role of Social Support and Emotion Regulation in Fostering Curiosity Among Individuals with Specific Learning Disorders

نویسنده:
منبع: Psychological Research in Individuals with Exceptional Needs (PRIEN), Vol. ۱ No. ۲ (۲۰۲۳) : Serial Number ۲ 35-42

کلیدواژه‌ها: Curiosity Social support Emotion regulation Specific Learning Disorders Pearson Correlation Linear Regression Psychological well-being

حوزه‌های تخصصی:
تعداد بازدید : ۳۰ تعداد دانلود : ۱۶
This study aimed to investigate the relationships between curiosity, social support, and emotion regulation in individuals with specific learning disorders (SLD). The objective was to determine how social support and emotion regulation predict levels of curiosity in this population, providing insights for effective interventions. The study employed a cross-sectional design with a sample size of 252 participants, selected based on the Morgan and Krejcie table. Data were collected using the Curiosity and Exploration Inventory-II (CEI-II) for curiosity, the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS) for social support, and the Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale (DERS) for emotion regulation. Pearson correlation and linear regression analyses were conducted using SPSS-27 to examine the relationships between the variables. Descriptive statistics indicated moderate levels of curiosity, social support, and emotion regulation among participants. Pearson correlation analysis revealed significant positive correlations between curiosity and both social support (r = 0.52, p < 0.001) and emotion regulation (r = 0.46, p < 0.001). Regression analysis showed that social support and emotion regulation collectively accounted for 37% of the variance in curiosity (R² = 0.37, F(2, 249) = 72.19, p < 0.001). Both social support (B = 0.32, p < 0.001) and emotion regulation (B = 0.25, p < 0.001) emerged as significant predictors of curiosity. The findings highlight the significant roles of social support and emotion regulation in fostering curiosity among individuals with SLD. Supportive social environments and effective emotion regulation strategies are critical for promoting curiosity and engagement. These insights can inform the development of targeted interventions aimed at enhancing the well-being and academic success of individuals with SLD.
۱۹۶۲.

The Role of Parental Scaffolding in the Language Acquisition of Children with Developmental Delays: A Qualitative Study [WITHDRAWN]

نویسنده:
منبع: Psychological Research in Individuals with Exceptional Needs (PRIEN), Vol. ۱ No. ۲ (۲۰۲۳) : Serial Number ۲ 13-18

کلیدواژه‌ها: Parental scaffolding Language acquisition developmental delays responsive interactions modeling of language structured support strategies

حوزه‌های تخصصی:
تعداد بازدید : ۳۱ تعداد دانلود : ۲۲
The article "The Role of Parental Scaffolding in the Language Acquisition of Children with Developmental Delays: A Qualitative Study" was published in error. We removed it when the error was brought to our attention. This study investigates the role of parental scaffolding in supporting language acquisition among children with developmental delays. Qualitative methods were employed to capture in-depth perspectives from 25 caregivers of children aged 3 to 6 years with developmental delays. Semi-structured interviews were conducted to gather data on parental scaffolding practices. Data analysis followed a thematic approach, where transcripts were coded and themes related to responsive interactions, language modeling, and support strategies were identified. The findings underscored the significant impact of parental scaffolding on language acquisition. Responsive interactions, including prompting and encouragement, emerged as crucial in stimulating communication and fostering confidence in children. Caregivers’ effective modeling of language, through descriptive speech and vocabulary expansion, was associated with enhanced linguistic competence. Moreover, structured support strategies such as visual aids and routine establishment facilitated comprehension and communication clarity, mitigating challenges associated with developmental delays. In conclusion, parental scaffolding plays a pivotal role in enhancing language development in children with developmental delays. By adapting support strategies to meet the child’s needs and abilities, caregivers can effectively promote language skills crucial for cognitive, social, and academic growth. These findings underscore the importance of integrating evidence-based scaffolding practices into therapeutic and educational interventions to optimize language outcomes for this vulnerable population.
۱۹۶۳.

Therapists' Experiences with Nonverbal Communication Techniques in Psychotherapy for Children with Autism

نویسنده:
منبع: Psychological Research in Individuals with Exceptional Needs (PRIEN), Vol. ۱ No. ۳ (۲۰۲۳) : Serial Number ۳ 19-26

کلیدواژه‌ها: Autism Nonverbal Communication Psychotherapy Therapists’ Experiences Behavioral Improvements Emotional Connection

حوزه‌های تخصصی:
تعداد بازدید : ۳۲ تعداد دانلود : ۱۲
This study aims to explore therapists' experiences with nonverbal communication techniques in psychotherapy for children with autism. This qualitative study employed a phenomenological approach to gain in-depth insights into therapists' experiences. Sixteen licensed therapists with at least two years of experience working with children with autism were selected through purposive sampling. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews, each lasting 60-90 minutes, and were transcribed verbatim for analysis. Thematic analysis was conducted to identify key themes and patterns in the data. NVivo software was used to facilitate the organization and analysis of qualitative data, ensuring rigor through triangulation, member checking, and maintaining an audit trail. The analysis revealed four main themes: implementation of nonverbal techniques, perceived effectiveness, challenges and barriers, and strategies for overcoming barriers. Therapists reported using a variety of nonverbal techniques such as gestures, facial expressions, eye contact, body language, and physical proximity. These techniques were perceived as highly effective in enhancing understanding, emotional connection, behavioral improvements, and self-expression in children with autism. However, challenges such as therapist-child compatibility, resource limitations, environmental factors, and inconsistent parental involvement were noted. Strategies to overcome these challenges included continuous training, collaborative approaches, adaptive techniques, creating supportive environments, and leveraging technology. Nonverbal communication techniques are essential in psychotherapy for children with autism, significantly enhancing therapeutic outcomes. Despite challenges, these techniques, when tailored to individual needs and supported by continuous training and collaboration, can greatly benefit children with autism. Future research should focus on larger and more diverse samples, quantitative measures of effectiveness, and the role of cultural sensitivity in nonverbal communication strategies.
۱۹۶۴.

Community Integration and Social Participation for Adults with Intellectual Disabilities(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)

نویسنده:
منبع: Psychological Research in Individuals with Exceptional Needs (PRIEN), Vol. ۳ No. ۴ (۲۰۲۴) : Serial Number ۸ 4-11

کلیدواژه‌ها: Intellectual disabilities community integration social participation support systems Accessibility inclusive policies Assistive technology

حوزه‌های تخصصی:
تعداد بازدید : ۳۰ تعداد دانلود : ۲۲
The objective of this study was to explore the experiences and perceptions of community integration and social participation among adults with intellectual disabilities (ID). This qualitative research employed semi-structured interviews to gather in-depth data from 27 adults with intellectual disabilities. Participants were recruited through purposive sampling from various community centers, support groups, and social service organizations. Data were collected until theoretical saturation was achieved. Thematic analysis was used to analyze the transcribed interviews, identifying key themes and subthemes that captured the essence of the participants' experiences and perceptions. The study identified four main themes: experiences of community integration, types of social activities, perceived benefits and challenges, and influencing factors. Participants reported a strong sense of belonging and personal growth through community activities, despite facing barriers such as stigma, accessibility issues, and financial constraints. Support systems, including family, professionals, and peer networks, played a crucial role in facilitating participation. Recreational, cultural, and educational activities, as well as volunteering, provided significant physical, emotional, and social benefits. Technological advancements, inclusive policies, and personal resilience were identified as critical factors influencing community integration. The findings highlight the importance of enhancing accessibility, support systems, and inclusive policies to promote community integration and social participation for adults with intellectual disabilities. Addressing the identified barriers and leveraging facilitators can improve their quality of life and well-being. Future research should employ mixed-methods approaches, include longitudinal studies, and consider the perspectives of family members, caregivers, and professionals to provide a more comprehensive understanding of the factors influencing community participation.
۱۹۶۵.

The Future of Robotics in Special Needs Education

نویسنده:
منبع: Psychological Research in Individuals with Exceptional Needs (PRIEN), Vol. ۱ No. ۴ (۲۰۲۳) : Serial Number ۴ 1-3

کلیدواژه‌ها: Future of Robotics Individuals with Special Needs Robotics in Education

حوزه‌های تخصصی:
تعداد بازدید : ۳۰ تعداد دانلود : ۱۷
The integration of robotics in education has garnered increasing attention, particularly in the realm of special needs education. As technology evolves, so does its potential to enhance learning experiences for students with disabilities. This letter explores the current state and future prospects of using robotics in special needs education, drawing on recent research to highlight both the challenges and opportunities. The future of robotics in special needs education holds immense promise. By enhancing academic skills, boosting motivation and engagement, and supporting social and emotional development, robotics can significantly improve the educational experiences of students with disabilities. However, to realize this potential, it is essential to address the challenges related to design, accessibility, and educator training. Continued research and innovation will be crucial in ensuring that robotics can serve as an effective tool in special needs education, providing tailored support that meets the diverse needs of all students.
۱۹۶۶.

اثربخشی تحریک الکتریکی مستقیم فراجمجمه ای (tDCS) بر آگاهی واج شناختی کودکان مبتلا به اختلال نارساخوانی(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)

نویسنده:
منبع: کودکان استثنایی سال ۲۵ بهار ۱۴۰۴ شماره ۱ (پیاپی ۹۵) ۹۳-۷۷

کلیدواژه‌ها: تحریک الکتریکی فرا جمجمه ای نا رسا خوانی آگاهی واج شناختی

حوزه‌های تخصصی:
تعداد بازدید : ۲۹ تعداد دانلود : ۲۵
هدف: به تازگی تحریک الکتریکی مستقیم فرا جمجمه ای (tDCS) برای بهبود آگاهی واج شناختی مورد توجه پژوهش ها قرار گرفته است. این پژوهش با هدف اثر بخشی tDCS بر آگاهی واج شناختی کودکانِ نا رسا خوان انجام شد. روش: در این مطالعه، از طرح پیش آزمون و پس آزمون با گروه کنترل با دوره پیگری یک ماهه استفاده شد. جامعه آماری را تمامی دانش آموزان نا رسا خوان (8 تا 12 ساله) مراجعه کننده به مرکز مشاوره آموزش و پرورش بهارستان (استان تهران) در آذرماه 1402 تا اردیبهشت 1403 تشکیل می دادند که از بین آنها 40 دانش آموز (27 پسر و 13 دختر) به روش نمونه گیری در دسترس انتخاب شدند. دانش آموزان به طور تصادفی در دو گروه آزمایش (تحریک فعال، 20 نفر) و کنترل (تحریک ساختگی، 20 نفر) قرار گرفتند. tDCS دو جانبه در کرتکس گیجگاهی- آهیانه ای (الکترود آند بین TP7 و P7؛ الکترود کاتد بین TP8 و P8) نصب شد. گروه آزمایش و کنترل 12 جلسه (20 دقیقه ای) به ترتیب تحریک واقعی و ساختگی را دریافت کردند. برای جمع آوری داده ها از فهرست نشانگان نا رسا خوانی، آزمون خواندن و نارساخوانی (نما)، ویراست پنجم آزمون هوش استنفورد- بینه و آگاهی واج شناختی استفاده شد. یافته ها: نتایج نشان داد که tDCS منجر به بهبودی آگاهی واجی (ترکیب و تقطیع واجی، تشخیص کلمه های با واج آغازین و پایانی یکسان، نامیدن و حذف واج آغازین و پایانی، حذف واج میانی) شد (01/0>p)؛ ولی اثر بخشی معنی داری بر آگاهی درون هجایی و آگاهی هجایی نداشت (05/0<p). نتیجه گیری: بنابراین، tDCS یک مداخله امید بخش است که توانایی های آگاهی واجی را تقویت می کند و درمانگران بالینی می توانند از آن به عنوان یک مداخله مکمل استفاده کنند.
۱۹۶۷.

Barriers and Facilitators to Using VR-Based Therapy for Emotional Regulation in Youth with Exceptional Needs(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)

نویسنده:
منبع: Psychological Research in Individuals with Exceptional Needs (PRIEN), Vol. ۳ No. ۳ (۲۰۲۵) : Serial Number ۱۱ 1-9

کلیدواژه‌ها: virtual reality therapy emotional regulation exceptional needs Qualitative Research Implementation Barriers therapeutic facilitators

حوزه‌های تخصصی:
تعداد بازدید : ۳۴ تعداد دانلود : ۲۳
This study aimed to explore the barriers and facilitators influencing the implementation of virtual reality (VR)-based therapy for emotional regulation in youth with exceptional needs. A qualitative research design was employed using semi-structured interviews with 23 purposefully selected participants, including special education teachers, therapists, caregivers, and VR developers, all based in Minnesota, USA. Participants were selected based on their direct involvement with VR therapy programs for youth with neurodevelopmental or emotional regulation challenges. Interviews were conducted until theoretical saturation was reached. Data were transcribed verbatim and analyzed using thematic analysis in NVivo 14, following Braun and Clarke’s six-phase framework. The analysis revealed two main thematic categories: facilitators and barriers. Facilitators included seven subthemes: technological appeal, personalization, therapist control, motivation and engagement, institutional support, caregiver involvement, and observable emotional gains. Barriers were categorized into seven subthemes as well: accessibility and equity issues, sensory limitations, stakeholder resistance, cultural irrelevance, technical difficulties, ethical and privacy concerns, and lack of standardized guidelines. Participants reported that immersive features, real-time therapist adjustments, and family buy-in enhanced VR’s therapeutic effectiveness. Conversely, cost constraints, lack of culturally appropriate content, and technical or ethical challenges hindered adoption. Quotes from stakeholders enriched the thematic interpretation and contextualized the results. VR-based therapy shows promising potential in enhancing emotional regulation among youth with exceptional needs due to its immersive, customizable, and engaging design. However, successful implementation depends on addressing contextual challenges, including accessibility, technical infrastructure, and cultural inclusivity. Stakeholder collaboration and the development of standardized protocols are essential to scale VR interventions in educational and clinical contexts.
۱۹۶۸.

Reducing Perfectionism and Enhancing Self-Worth: The Role of Self-Efficacy Training in Gifted Adolescents(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)

نویسنده:
منبع: Psychological Research in Individuals with Exceptional Needs (PRIEN), Vol. ۲ No. ۱ (۲۰۲۴) : Serial Number ۵ 29-36

کلیدواژه‌ها: gifted students Self-Efficacy perfectionism Self-worth randomized controlled trial Intervention High School Students

حوزه‌های تخصصی:
تعداد بازدید : ۳۱ تعداد دانلود : ۱۶
This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of self-efficacy training in reducing perfectionism and enhancing self-worth among gifted high school students. A randomized controlled trial design was employed with 40 gifted high school students randomly assigned to either an intervention group (n = 20) or a control group (n = 20). The intervention group participated in an eight-session self-efficacy training program, while the control group received no intervention. Both groups were assessed at baseline, immediately post-intervention, and at a four-month follow-up. Perfectionism and self-worth were measured using validated scales. Data were analyzed using repeated measures ANOVA and Bonferroni post-hoc tests. The intervention group showed a significant reduction in perfectionism scores from baseline (M = 72.45, SD = 5.28) to post-intervention (M = 64.32, SD = 6.15) and follow-up (M = 66.89, SD = 5.92) compared to the control group, which showed no significant change. Similarly, self-worth scores in the intervention group increased significantly from baseline (M = 32.19, SD = 4.15) to post-intervention (M = 38.45, SD = 3.92) and follow-up (M = 36.98, SD = 4.20), whereas the control group showed no significant change. The ANOVA results indicated significant main effects of time (F(2, 76) = 27.12, p < .001) and group (F(1, 76) = 102.95, p < .001) for perfectionism, and time (F(2, 76) = 24.65, p < .001) and group (F(1, 76) = 111.30, p < .001) for self-worth, with significant interaction effects for both variables. Self-efficacy training is effective in reducing perfectionism and enhancing self-worth among gifted high school students. The positive effects were maintained at a four-month follow-up, suggesting the potential long-term benefits of such interventions in this population.
۱۹۶۹.

Emotional and Cognitive Effects of Long-Term Antipsychotic Medication Use: A Qualitative Study(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)

نویسنده:
منبع: Psychological Research in Individuals with Exceptional Needs (PRIEN), Vol. ۲ No. ۲ (۲۰۲۴) : Serial Number ۶ 12-19

کلیدواژه‌ها: Antipsychotic medication long-term use emotional effects cognitive effects Schizophrenia mental health patient experiences

حوزه‌های تخصصی:
تعداد بازدید : ۳۱ تعداد دانلود : ۱۹
This study aimed to explore the emotional and cognitive effects of long-term antipsychotic medication use. By understanding these impacts, the study seeks to provide a comprehensive view of the lived experiences of individuals who have been on antipsychotic medications for extended periods, highlighting both the benefits and the potential challenges. A qualitative research design was employed using a phenomenological approach to capture in-depth personal experiences. A purposive sampling method recruited 26 participants who had been on antipsychotic medications for at least five years. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews, which were transcribed verbatim and analyzed using thematic analysis to identify common themes and patterns in the participants' experiences. The study achieved theoretical saturation, ensuring that no new themes emerged from the data. The analysis revealed four main themes: emotional impact, cognitive effects, daily functioning, and social interaction. Participants reported significant emotional blunting, including reduced pleasure and emotional responsiveness, alongside cognitive impairments such as memory deficits and diminished attention span. Challenges in daily functioning, such as difficulties in managing routine activities and occupational tasks, were prominent. Social interactions were also affected, with participants experiencing reduced social engagement, dependency on support networks, and stigma related to medication use. These findings are consistent with previous studies, underscoring the profound impact of long-term antipsychotic use on various aspects of life. Long-term use of antipsychotic medications, while essential for managing severe psychiatric conditions, is associated with significant emotional and cognitive side effects that impact patients' quality of life. Healthcare providers should be aware of these effects and engage in regular assessments and open communication with patients to address and mitigate these challenges. Personalized treatment approaches, psychoeducation, and support groups can enhance patients' well-being and treatment adherence.
۱۹۷۰.

Differentiated Instruction in Mixed-Ability Classrooms: Experiences of Special Education Teachers(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)

نویسنده:
منبع: Psychological Research in Individuals with Exceptional Needs (PRIEN), Vol. ۲ No. ۳ (۲۰۲۴) : Serial Number ۷ 13-20

کلیدواژه‌ها: Differentiated Instruction mixed-ability classrooms special education Inclusive Education teacher experiences Educational Strategies student engagement

حوزه‌های تخصصی:
تعداد بازدید : ۳۰ تعداد دانلود : ۳۱
This study aims to explore the experiences of special education teachers in implementing differentiated instruction (DI) within mixed-ability classrooms. This qualitative research utilized a phenomenological approach to gain in-depth insights into the participants' experiences. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews with 25 special education teachers from various schools in a metropolitan area. Participants were selected through purposive sampling to ensure they had significant experience with DI. The interviews, each lasting 60 to 90 minutes, were transcribed verbatim and analyzed using thematic analysis. The data collection continued until theoretical saturation was achieved, ensuring a comprehensive understanding of the teachers' experiences. The analysis revealed three main themes: challenges in differentiated instruction, strategies for effective differentiation, and perceived effectiveness and outcomes. Teachers reported significant challenges, including resource limitations, managing student diversity, assessment difficulties, increased workload, and issues with parental involvement. To address these challenges, teachers employed strategies such as flexible grouping, curriculum adaptation, professional development, collaborative planning, and enhancing student engagement. The perceived effectiveness of DI included improved student progress, positive changes in classroom dynamics, increased teacher satisfaction, and greater inclusivity. Differentiated instruction is a vital approach in mixed-ability classrooms, promoting equitable learning opportunities for all students. Despite the challenges, the strategic implementation of DI leads to significant positive outcomes in student performance and classroom inclusivity. Schools should support teachers through professional development, adequate resources, and collaborative opportunities to enhance the effectiveness of DI. Further research should focus on larger, diverse samples and mixed-methods approaches to provide a more comprehensive understanding of DI practices.
۱۹۷۱.

Predicting Body Image Satisfaction in Adolescents with Physical Disabilities: The Role of Frustration Tolerance and Social Competence(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)

نویسنده:
منبع: Psychological Research in Individuals with Exceptional Needs (PRIEN), Vol. ۳ No. ۲ (۲۰۲۵) : Serial Number ۱۰ 44-51

کلیدواژه‌ها: body image satisfaction frustration tolerance social competence adolescents Physical Disabilities psychological resilience Social Adaptation

حوزه‌های تخصصی:
تعداد بازدید : ۲۸ تعداد دانلود : ۲۷
This study aimed to examine the predictive role of frustration tolerance and social competence in body image satisfaction among adolescents with physical disabilities. This research utilized a correlational descriptive design with a sample of 350 adolescents with physical disabilities, selected based on Morgan and Krejcie’s sample size determination table. Participants completed standardized self-report measures assessing body image satisfaction (MBSRQ), frustration tolerance (FDS), and social competence (SSRS). Data analysis was conducted using Pearson correlation to explore associations between variables and linear regression to determine the predictive power of frustration tolerance and social competence on body image satisfaction. All statistical analyses were performed using SPSS-27, and assumptions of normality, linearity, and multicollinearity were confirmed before conducting the regression analysis. Descriptive statistics showed that participants had a mean body image satisfaction score of 74.56 (SD = 9.87), a frustration tolerance score of 62.34 (SD = 8.23), and a social competence score of 68.21 (SD = 7.95). Correlation analysis revealed significant positive relationships between body image satisfaction and frustration tolerance (r = 0.52, p < 0.01) and body image satisfaction and social competence (r = 0.61, p < 0.01). The regression model was statistically significant (F(2, 347) = 90.75, p < 0.01, R² = 0.46), indicating that frustration tolerance (B = 0.42, β = 0.39, t = 5.25, p < 0.01) and social competence (B = 0.56, β = 0.47, t = 7.91, p < 0.01) were both significant predictors of body image satisfaction. The findings suggest that higher frustration tolerance and greater social competence are associated with increased body image satisfaction in adolescents with physical disabilities, with social competence playing a slightly stronger role. These results highlight the importance of resilience-building and social skills interventions to enhance body image satisfaction in this population.
۱۹۷۲.

Brain Imaging Studies in Children with Learning Disabilities(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)

نویسنده:
منبع: Psychological Research in Individuals with Exceptional Needs (PRIEN), Vol. ۲ No. ۲ (۲۰۲۴) : Serial Number ۶ 1-3

کلیدواژه‌ها: Brain Imaging learning disabilities Children with Learning Disabilities Learning Disorders

حوزه‌های تخصصی:
تعداد بازدید : ۳۱ تعداد دانلود : ۱۹
The exploration of brain imaging in children with learning disabilities has significantly advanced our understanding of the neural underpinnings of these conditions. Through the application of various neuroimaging techniques, researchers have been able to identify structural and functional abnormalities in the brains of children with learning disabilities, providing insights that have important implications for diagnosis, intervention, and educational strategies. This letter aims to highlight key findings from recent studies on brain imaging in children with learning disabilities and discuss their potential impact on clinical and educational practices. Brain imaging studies have significantly enhanced our understanding of the neural basis of learning disabilities, revealing important structural and functional abnormalities that underlie these conditions. By identifying early biomarkers and neural correlates, neuroimaging can play a crucial role in the early diagnosis and targeted intervention of learning disabilities. Continued research in this field is essential to develop effective strategies that support children with learning disabilities and improve their academic and social outcomes.
۱۹۷۳.

Transitioning from Special Education to Higher Education: Students' and Educators' Experiences

نویسنده:
منبع: Psychological Research in Individuals with Exceptional Needs (PRIEN), Vol. ۱ No. ۴ (۲۰۲۳) : Serial Number ۴ 21-29

کلیدواژه‌ها: special education higher education transition students with disabilities support systems academic difficulties

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تعداد بازدید : ۲۹ تعداد دانلود : ۲۰
The objective of this study was to explore the experiences of students and educators during the transition from special education to higher education. This qualitative study employed a phenomenological approach to gain an in-depth understanding of the participants' experiences. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews with 23 participants, including 15 students who had transitioned from special education to higher education and 8 educators, comprising special education teachers, higher education faculty members, and disability support staff. Thematic analysis was used to analyze the interview transcripts, with themes and subthemes identified through coding and categorization. The analysis revealed three primary themes: Transition Challenges, Support Systems and Resources, and Personal Growth and Development. Transition Challenges included academic difficulties, social integration issues, navigating support services, emotional and mental health challenges, and financial barriers. Support Systems and Resources encompassed institutional support, peer support, parental involvement, community resources, and technological aids, with a notable emphasis on the importance of faculty and staff training. Personal Growth and Development highlighted the development of self-advocacy skills, independence and responsibility, academic and career aspirations, and building confidence and resilience. The findings of this study underscore the multifaceted nature of the transition from special education to higher education, highlighting both the challenges and opportunities for students with disabilities. Effective support systems and comprehensive planning are crucial for facilitating successful transitions. The study's insights can inform the development of targeted interventions and support strategies to create more inclusive and supportive educational environments, ultimately empowering students with disabilities to succeed in higher education.
۱۹۷۴.

Inclusive Sports Programs: Experiences and Benefits for Students with Disabilities

نویسنده:
منبع: Psychological Research in Individuals with Exceptional Needs (PRIEN), Vol. ۱ No. ۴ (۲۰۲۳) : Serial Number ۴ 12-20

کلیدواژه‌ها: Inclusive sports disabilities physical benefits Social integration Emotional well-being educational development

حوزه‌های تخصصی:
تعداد بازدید : ۳۰ تعداد دانلود : ۱۸
This study aims to explore the experiences and benefits of inclusive sports programs for students with disabilities, focusing on their physical, social, emotional, and educational development. The objective is to understand how these programs impact participants and identify key themes that illustrate their benefits and challenges. A qualitative research design was employed, utilizing semi-structured interviews to gather data from a diverse group of participants. The sample included 29 individuals: 15 students with disabilities, 6 teachers and coaches, and 8 parents of students with disabilities. Interviews were conducted in person or via video conferencing, recorded, and transcribed for thematic analysis. The data were coded and analyzed to identify recurring themes and patterns, with theoretical saturation guiding the final sample size. The analysis revealed four main themes: physical benefits, social benefits, emotional and psychological benefits, and educational and developmental benefits. Participants reported significant improvements in physical fitness, skill development, and health. Social benefits included enhanced social integration, communication skills, and a sense of belonging. Emotional and psychological benefits encompassed increased emotional well-being, psychological resilience, and reduced anxiety. Educational benefits included better academic performance, life skills, and career skills development. These findings align with previous studies highlighting the multifaceted benefits of inclusive sports programs. Inclusive sports programs significantly enhance the physical, social, emotional, and educational well-being of students with disabilities. The study underscores the importance of designing inclusive programs that accommodate diverse needs, providing adequate training for educators and coaches, and fostering a supportive environment. Future research should aim to include larger and more diverse samples, incorporate quantitative measures, and explore the long-term impacts of these programs to further refine and maximize their benefits.
۱۹۷۵.

Teachers’ Narratives on Implementing AI-Based Learning Tools for Students with Severe Disabilities(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)

نویسنده:
منبع: Psychological Research in Individuals with Exceptional Needs (PRIEN), Vol. ۲ No. ۲ (۲۰۲۴) : Serial Number ۶ 20-27

کلیدواژه‌ها: AI-based learning tools special education severe disabilities teacher experiences student engagement implementation challenges professional development

حوزه‌های تخصصی:
تعداد بازدید : ۳۰ تعداد دانلود : ۱۸
This study aims to explore teachers' narratives on implementing AI-based learning tools for students with severe disabilities. The objective is to understand the challenges faced, the impacts on students, and the experiences of teachers using these technologies in special education settings. A qualitative research design was employed, using semi-structured interviews to gather data from 16 certified special education teachers with experience in using AI-based learning tools. Participants were selected through purposive sampling to ensure a diverse range of perspectives. Interviews were transcribed and subjected to thematic analysis to identify key themes and patterns in the data. Three main themes emerged from the analysis: implementation challenges, the impact on students, and teacher experiences. Teachers reported significant technical difficulties, inadequate training, and limited administrative support as major challenges. Despite these issues, AI tools had a positive impact on student engagement, motivation, learning outcomes, social interaction, and behavioral changes. Teachers experienced a range of emotions, from initial skepticism to eventual acceptance, and highlighted the importance of peer support and professional growth. The study underscores the transformative potential of AI in special education, while also identifying critical areas that need attention for successful implementation. The integration of AI-based learning tools in special education offers significant benefits for students with severe disabilities, including enhanced engagement, improved learning outcomes, and better social interactions. However, successful implementation requires addressing technical issues, providing comprehensive training, securing administrative support, and fostering a culture of feedback and reflection. Future research should focus on long-term impacts, comparative effectiveness of different AI tools, and the development of effective training programs. Educational institutions must prioritize these areas to maximize the positive impact of AI technologies in special education.
۱۹۷۶.

Interpersonal Reconstructive Therapy: Improving Empathy and Conflict Resolution in Parents of Children with Autism(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)

نویسنده:
منبع: Psychological Research in Individuals with Exceptional Needs (PRIEN), Vol. ۲ No. ۱ (۲۰۲۴) : Serial Number ۵ 37-44

کلیدواژه‌ها: Interpersonal Reconstructive Therapy Empathy Conflict Resolution Autism Spectrum Disorder parental skills

حوزه‌های تخصصی:
تعداد بازدید : ۲۸ تعداد دانلود : ۲۰
This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of Interpersonal Reconstructive Therapy (IRT) in enhancing empathy and conflict resolution skills among parents of autistic children. This randomized controlled trial included 30 parents of autistic children, divided into an intervention group (n = 15) receiving IRT and a control group (n = 15) receiving no intervention. Participants were assessed at baseline, post-intervention, and four months post-intervention using the Interpersonal Reactivity Index (IRI) and Conflict Resolution Styles Inventory (CRSI). Data analysis involved repeated measures ANOVA and Bonferroni post-hoc tests, conducted using SPSS-27. The intervention group showed significant improvements in empathy and conflict resolution scores. Empathy scores increased from 54.78 (SD = 5.32) at baseline to 67.32 (SD = 5.67) post-intervention and were maintained at 65.91 (SD = 5.42) at follow-up. Conflict resolution scores rose from 62.14 (SD = 6.23) to 74.89 (SD = 5.47) post-intervention, with scores at follow-up being 73.28 (SD = 5.63). ANOVA results indicated significant main effects for Time (empathy: F(2, 56) = 45.67, p < 0.001, η² = 0.62; conflict resolution: F(2, 56) = 49.18, p < 0.001, η² = 0.64), Group (empathy: F(1, 28) = 32.78, p < 0.001, η² = 0.54; conflict resolution: F(1, 28) = 35.91, p < 0.001, η² = 0.57), and Time × Group interactions (empathy: F(2, 56) = 41.23, p < 0.001, η² = 0.59; conflict resolution: F(2, 56) = 43.89, p < 0.001, η² = 0.60). Bonferroni post-hoc tests confirmed significant improvements from baseline to post-intervention and baseline to follow-up. IRT significantly enhances empathy and conflict resolution skills in parents of autistic children, with improvements maintained over a four-month period. These findings highlight the potential of IRT as an effective intervention to support parents in managing the challenges of raising children with autism.
۱۹۷۷.

اثربخشی برنامه همدلی بر اشتیاق تحصیلی و احساس تنهایی در دانش آموزان دختر قلدر(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)

نویسنده:
منبع: کودکان استثنایی سال ۲۵ بهار ۱۴۰۴ شماره ۱ (پیاپی ۹۵) ۱۴۲-۱۳۰

کلیدواژه‌ها: مهارت همدلی رفتار قلدری اشتیاق تحصیلی احساس تنهایی دانش آموزان

حوزه‌های تخصصی:
تعداد بازدید : ۲۷ تعداد دانلود : ۳۱
هدف: یکی از پدیده های شایع در میان دانش آموزان سراسر جهان قلدری است. در واقع، قلدری پیش زمینه بروز خشونت مدرسه ای محسوب می شود و خشونت مدرسه ای مشکل اجتماعی عمده ای است. پژوهش حاضر با هدف بررسی اثربخشی برنامه همدلی بر اشتیاق تحصیلی و احساس تنهایی در دانش آموزان دختر قلدر بود. روش: روش پژوهش نیمه آزمایشی دارای پیش آزمون و پس آزمون با گروه کنترل بود. جامعه آماری پژوهش شامل دانش آموزان دختر دوره متوسطه اول شهرستان اهر در سال تحصیلی 1401 بود. با استفاده از روش نمونه گیری تصادفی خوشه ای از بین پنج مدرسه براساس مقیاس قلدری تعداد 60 نفر از دانش آموزانی که نمره بالایی در مقیاس قلدری کسب نمودند شناسایی شده و از بین آنان 30 نفر افراد داوطلب برای شرکت در پژوهش انتخاب گردید و در دو گروه آزمایش و کنترل به صورت تصادفی گمارده شدند. مقیاس های این پژوهش شامل قلدری ایلی نویز، اشتیاق تحصیلی فردریکز، بلومنفیلد، پاریس و احساس تنهایی راسل و پیلوا و کورتونا بود. با استفاده از برنامه آموزشی مهارت همدلی گروه آزمایش طی هشت جلسه تحت آموزش قرار گرفت. یافته ها: نتایج پژوهش بیانگر این است که می توان از برنامه همدلی برای کاهش خشونت در دانش آموزان قلدر و کمک به دانش آموزان قربانی قلدری استفاده نمود. همچنین استفاده از این برنامه بهبود اشتیاق تحصیلی دانش آموزان را به دنبال دارد. نتیجه گیری: باتوجه به اثربخشی برنامه همدلی در بر اشتیاق تحصیلی و احساس تنهایی در دانش آموزان دختر قلدری آموزش این برنامه به این گروه از افراد و سایر رفتارهای پرخاشگرانه پیشنهاد می شود.
۱۹۷۸.

Emotion Socialization and Grit as Determinants of Academic Self-Concept in Children with Hearing Impairments(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)

نویسنده:
منبع: Psychological Research in Individuals with Exceptional Needs (PRIEN), Vol. ۳ No. ۴ (۲۰۲۴) : Serial Number ۸ 37-44

کلیدواژه‌ها: academic self-concept Hearing Impairments emotion socialization Grit children Educational Psychology predictive factors

حوزه‌های تخصصی:
تعداد بازدید : ۲۸ تعداد دانلود : ۱۸
This study aimed to investigate the predictors of academic self-concept in children with hearing impairments, focusing on the roles of emotion socialization and grit. Understanding these relationships can inform interventions to support the academic success and well-being of these children. The study employed a cross-sectional design with a sample of 271 children with hearing impairments, selected based on the Morgan and Krejcie table. Participants were assessed using the Self-Description Questionnaire I for academic self-concept, the Coping with Children's Negative Emotions Scale for emotion socialization, and the Grit Scale. Data were analyzed using Pearson correlation to examine bivariate relationships and linear regression to evaluate the predictive power of emotion socialization and grit on academic self-concept, using SPSS-27. Descriptive statistics indicated moderately high levels of academic self-concept (M = 3.45, SD = 0.58), emotion socialization (M = 4.12, SD = 0.73), and grit (M = 3.89, SD = 0.65). Pearson correlation showed significant positive relationships between academic self-concept and both emotion socialization (r = 0.45, p < 0.001) and grit (r = 0.52, p < 0.001). The regression model was significant (F(2, 268) = 76.45, p < 0.001), explaining 36% of the variance in academic self-concept (R² = 0.36). Emotion socialization (B = 0.35, p < 0.001) and grit (B = 0.45, p < 0.001) were significant predictors of academic self-concept. The study found that both emotion socialization and grit are significant predictors of academic self-concept in children with hearing impairments. These findings suggest that interventions aimed at improving emotion socialization practices and fostering grit could enhance the academic self-concept of these children, supporting their academic success and overall well-being.
۱۹۷۹.

Counselors' Strategies for Supporting Emotional Well-Being in Gifted Adolescents

نویسنده:
منبع: Psychological Research in Individuals with Exceptional Needs (PRIEN), Vol. ۱ No. ۳ (۲۰۲۳) : Serial Number ۳ 4-10

کلیدواژه‌ها: Gifted Adolescents counseling strategies Emotional well-being building relationships emotional regulation social connections individualized support

حوزه‌های تخصصی:
تعداد بازدید : ۲۶ تعداد دانلود : ۱۹
This study aims to explore the strategies employed by counselors to support the emotional well-being of gifted adolescents. Recognizing the unique emotional and social challenges faced by this population, the research seeks to identify effective counseling practices that can be implemented to foster a supportive environment and address their specific needs. A qualitative research design was employed, utilizing semi-structured interviews with 21 counselors who have extensive experience working with gifted adolescents. The participants were purposefully selected to ensure diverse perspectives. Data collection continued until theoretical saturation was achieved. Thematic analysis was used to analyze the transcribed interview data, with NVivo software assisting in the organization and coding of themes and subthemes. The analysis revealed three primary themes in the counseling strategies for supporting the emotional well-being of gifted adolescents: Building Trusting Relationships, Developing Emotional Regulation Skills, and Promoting Social Connections. Key strategies within these themes included establishing rapport, maintaining confidentiality, personalizing approaches, teaching coping strategies, stress management techniques, encouraging self-expression, facilitating peer interaction, and involving families. These strategies align with existing literature, highlighting the importance of empathetic, individualized, and holistic approaches in counseling gifted adolescents. The study underscores the critical role of counselors in addressing the emotional and social challenges faced by gifted adolescents. Effective strategies involve building strong, trusting relationships, developing emotional regulation skills, and promoting social connections. These findings suggest that a comprehensive approach, which includes personalized support and proactive engagement, is essential for fostering the emotional well-being of gifted adolescents. Future research should further explore the perspectives of gifted adolescents and the long-term impacts of these counseling strategies.
۱۹۸۰.

Attachment Patterns in Children with Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)

نویسنده:
منبع: Psychological Research in Individuals with Exceptional Needs (PRIEN), Vol. ۲ No. ۳ (۲۰۲۴) : Serial Number ۷ 4-12

کلیدواژه‌ها: Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders (FASD) attachment patterns caregiving child-caregiver relationship therapeutic interventions neurodevelopmental impairments

حوزه‌های تخصصی:
تعداد بازدید : ۲۵ تعداد دانلود : ۱۵
This study aimed to explore the attachment patterns in children diagnosed with Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders (FASD) by examining the experiences and perceptions of their primary caregivers. A qualitative research design was employed, utilizing semi-structured interviews with 14 primary caregivers of children diagnosed with FASD. Participants were recruited from specialized clinics and support groups. Data were collected through in-depth interviews, focusing on topics such as the nature of the child-caregiver relationship, caregiver perceptions of the child's attachment behaviors, challenges in the attachment relationship, and strategies used to support attachment. The interviews were transcribed and analyzed thematically, with theoretical saturation achieved when no new themes emerged. Four main themes emerged from the analysis: the nature of the child-caregiver relationship, caregiver perceptions of the child's attachment behaviors, challenges in the attachment relationship, and strategies used by caregivers to support attachment. Caregivers emphasized the importance of emotional bonding, effective communication, physical closeness, and consistent caregiving in fostering secure attachment. They reported a range of attachment behaviors, including both secure and insecure patterns, influenced by the neurodevelopmental impairments associated with FASD. Key challenges included managing emotional outbursts, behavioral issues, and balancing caregiving roles. Caregivers employed various strategies such as therapeutic interventions, establishing routines, positive reinforcement, and emotional coaching to support attachment. The study provides a comprehensive understanding of the attachment patterns in children with FASD, highlighting the critical role of responsive caregiving and the adaptive strategies used by caregivers. The findings underscore the need for targeted interventions and comprehensive support systems to enhance attachment and promote the developmental well-being of children with FASD. Further research is needed to explore the long-term impact of these attachment patterns and the effectiveness of specific interventions.

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