مطالب

Partant d’un diagnostic des difficultés linguistiques des élèves, une démarche didactique de la réécriture accompagnée a été adoptée et développée dans une séquence didactique centrée sur le type argumentatif. L’analyse qualitative des données montre que les élèves du groupe d’intervention ont nettement progressé par rapport au groupe contrôle. Les écrits de ces derniers font apparaître un net progrès dans l’écriture d’un texte et ses procédures. Une analyse quantitative et statistique, réalisée à l’aide du logiciel SPSS, vient par la suite confirmer les résultats de l’analyse qualitative. Les résultats soulignent l’importance de l’enseignement des procédures rédactionnelles et de la distanciation par rapport à l’écrit. Ces éléments, et d’autres, nous ont offert des pistes didactiques intéressantes qui peuvent constituer des hypothèses de recherche pour des études ultérieures.

West Texas Intermediate (WTI) crude oil is a pivotal benchmark in the global energy market, exerting a decisive influence on economic expectations and national macroeconomic policies. As the primary pricing basis on the New York Mercantile Exchange and numerous energy futures contracts, WTI is subject to persistent and severe price volatility. Such fluctuations, often appearing as abrupt upward or downward shocks, profoundly affect key macroeconomic indicators. These include inflation, economic growth, trade balances, corporate profitability, production costs, and government budgets. Consequently, variations in WTI prices influence oil and gas markets, financial stability, energy security, and even international geopolitical relations. To address these challenges, this study develops a hybrid VMD+SVR framework to model and forecast WTI crude oil futures prices across short-, medium-, and long-run horizons. Empirical findings reveal that across all three horizons, the proposed hybrid model consistently achieves the lowest forecasting errors compared with alternative approaches. Moreover, the Diebold–Mariano and Wilcoxon tests statistically confirm the superior predictive performance of the hybrid VMD+SVR model. These results highlight the importance of integrating advanced adaptive signal decomposition (VMD) with powerful nonlinear learning algorithms (SVR) for accurate oil price forecasting. The proposed approach not only enhances forecasting accuracy but also provides practical insights for policymakers in managing economic risks, stabilizing budgets dependent on oil revenues, and formulating sustainable energy strategies. It opens a new avenue for developing financial forecasting models inspired by advanced signal processing.

Moral responsibility is a fundamental component of ethics, shaping our understanding of accountability, blame, and praise. Responsibility-internalism, which holds that moral responsibility is grounded in some internal mental states, such as beliefs, desires, and intentions, represents a novel yet radical departure from traditional frameworks that focus on the outcome, circumstances, and interpersonal relationships to draw the moral line. While this theory presents a simple, self-contained picture of moral responsibility, it faces serious theoretical problems that challenge its coherence and practical utility. It specifically cannot adequately explain cases of negligence, culpable ignorance, and the relational aspects of moral responsibility that are central to human interactions. This paper offers a critical-analytic examination of responsibility-internalism and its theoretical and practical shortcomings. It examines positions that would incorporate both internalist assumptions, emphasizing the control agents possess over their actions, and externalist and interpersonal factors, aiming to offer a more complete and nuanced conception of moral liability. Some of the paper is devoted to discussing case studies in which the limitations of responsibility-internalism relative to its alternatives are illustrated. And it concludes that although responsibility-internalism offers a novel take and a new tool in the discussions of moral responsibility, such an internalist approach ultimately fails to provide a full and usable theory of moral responsibility.

Global supply chains, initially designed to enhance production efficiency and reduce costs through geographically dispersed networks, have evolved into complex global value chains (GVCs) characterized by deep interdependencies among countries and industries. According to Economic Interdependence Theory, higher levels of mutual economic dependence can influence both cooperation and systemic vulnerability, which are often underestimated—especially amid escalating geopolitical tensions. This study examines the resilience of global value chains by analyzing the structural positions of the US and China between 2012 and 2020. Using OECD Inter-Country Input-Output tables and a social network analysis (SNA) framework, it evaluates the network positions of 45 industries across 76 economies (excluding services), through three weighted centrality measures: degree, betweenness, and PageRank. These metrics allow us to (1) measure the degree of bilateral interdependence, (2) evaluate structural resilience to supply disruptions, and (3) uncover network-driven asymmetries in global economic power. Results indicate that China has significantly enhanced its resilience by diversifying industrial connections and expanding its structural centrality, thereby reducing vulnerability to external shocks. In contrast, while the United States remains integral to high-value nodes, its network position is more concentrated, which may expose it to greater risks under conditions of disruption or fragmentation.

While existing research highlights the role of drama in shaping Turkish national identity, the veracity of the narratives conveyed through plays has not been investigated. The present study fills this gap through examination of the portrayal of Iran in the play Awakening: The Great Seljuks. This focus is critical, given that Iran constitutes a contrasting other for Turkey, against which Turkish national identity and political narratives are reinforced. Using a narrative analysis, the study identifies and examines discrepancies in the portrayal of time and location, characters, and concepts. The research aims to analyze whether the drama series’ depiction of Iran aligns with historical accounts or reinterprets them through a contemporary lens to serve political-ideological purposes and to fit the series’ narrative agenda. The findings reveal a disregard for Iranian history and figures, often recast or appropriated to serve Turkish narratives, with Iranian characters reinterpreted and/or historical ideas reframed through a contemporary lens. This representation of Iran and Iranian elements is further underscored by the selective deployment of mythological motifs.

The extensive aerial operation and armed attack by Israel against Iran on the 23rd Khordad 1404 [corresponding to June 13, 2025] may be characterized as a violation of the fundamental principle prohibiting the use of force, constituting an act and crime of aggression. Beyond other legal dimensions of the act of aggression, the purpose of this article is to examine the complex issue of the possible jurisdiction of the International Criminal Court (ICC) over the alleged committed crime, as well as the jurisdictional challenges facing this institution. While Iran's legal system lacks an appropriate normative and structural mechanism for applying complementarity jurisdiction concerning core international crimes, including the crime of aggression, the non-membership of both Iran and Israel in the ICC, the lack of willingness by Security Council (SC) to refer the situation to the ICC, and normative deficiencies regarding the acceptance of ad hoc declaration ( per article 12(3) of the Rome Statute) by Iran, render the ICC's exercise of jurisdiction difficult and even impossible. A question can be raised in this regard, does the ICC possess jurisdiction, pursuant to the principle of complementarity, to adjudicate upon the act of aggression committed by Israel against Iran? This article, after recounting the events, descriptively and analytically examines the possibility of the ICC exercising jurisdiction in light of trigger mechanism. Ultimately, it demonstrates that the ICC's jurisdiction is confronted with numerous and particular challenges, thus rendering it unable to exercise jurisdiction; an issue that both highlights the necessity of criminalizing core international crimes within domestic law of Iran, and indicates the fundamental reforms to the ICC's Statute, particularly concerning the role of the SC in activating the ICC's jurisdiction.

The increasing ubiquity and impact of audiovisual content has turned it into one of the primary objects of study in a number of disciplines in humanities, including Translation Studies. In the recent decade, audiovisual translation (AVT) has been a thriving research focus in many parts of the world. This article aims at mapping AVT in the context of Iran by reviewing the published Persian AVT research worldwide. The article is organized into two parts: the first part provides an overview of the main research articles, delineating the main research trends in AVT research in Iran. The second part presents and discusses research gaps and areas that merit further scholarly attention by academia. The article concludes that research on the topic in Iran is still in a fairly early stage, with the studies focusing mainly on the dubbing and subtitling of audiovisual products. Particularly, accessibility research in the context of (non-)interactive audiovisual products is yet to attract focused attention. Certain areas are highlighted and recommended for future research

To shed further light on Iranian cultural cognition, an investigation was conducted into conceptualizations of ‘manhood’ among Iranian speakers of Persian. To this end, a total of 127 Persian male and female speakers from various ethnic and age groups in Iran were asked to complete a vignette question form that included five naturally occurring situations, for which the most probable concept(s) related to the action of the male character were provided by the participants. Additionally, interviews were conducted with the participants to triangulate the data and uncover the underlying worldviews. The data were then analyzed using MAXQDA, following a grounded-theory-driven approach and the analytical framework of cultural conceptualizations. The findings revealed that despite the participants’ diverse ethnic backgrounds, homogeneous and interrelated cultural schemas (i.e., ᴇɴᴅᴜʀɪɴɢ ʟɪғᴇ ᴅɪғғɪᴄᴜʟᴛɪᴇs, sᴜᴘᴘᴏʀᴛᴇʀ, ᴏ̨ᴇɪʀᴀᴛ, and ᴇᴍᴏᴛɪᴏɴ ᴄᴏɴᴛʀᴏʟ) and cultural metaphors (i.e., ᴍᴀɴ ᴀs ᴀ ʙᴀᴄᴋʀᴇsᴛ, ᴍᴀɴ ᴀs ᴀ ᴍᴏᴜɴᴛᴀɪɴ, ᴍᴀɴ ᴀs ᴀ sᴘɪɴᴇ ᴏғ ᴀ ʙᴏᴅʏ, and ᴍᴀɴ ᴀs ᴀ ᴡᴀʟʟᴇᴛ) of manhood were referred to, all of which reflect a unified cultural category (i.e., ᴍᴀɴ ᴏғ ʟɪғᴇ). It is argued that Cultural Linguistics can be utilized to unravel the unique cultural cognition of masculinity in the Iranian culture.