درخت حوزه‌های تخصصی

Purpose: The cities of the world are becoming centers of innovation, and today the technological entrepreneurship ecosystem is very important. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigating the relationship of technological entrepreneurship ecosystem and crowd funding according to Isenberg's model. Methodology: In a descriptive-analytical study from type of correlation, 225 people from middle and senior managers and experts in the field of investment were selected as a sample based on Cochran's formula by simple random sampling method. The samples responded to the standard questionnaires of technological entrepreneurship ecosystem (Isenberg, 2011) and crowd funding (Shabanian, 2012), whose validity and reliability were confirmed. Data were analyzed with Pearson correlation coefficients and linear regression tests in SPSS24 software. Findings: The findings showed that all six components of the technological entrepreneurship ecosystem including policy, financing, culture, supports, human capital, and markets had a positive and significant correlation with all four components of crowd funding including the type, role, goals, and scope of crowd funding. Also, the components of technological entrepreneurship ecosystem could significantly explain 62.7% of crowd funding changes, which according to the beta value, the variables of policy, human capital, culture, markets, financing and supports had a direct and significant effect on crowd funding (P<0.001). Conclusion: The results indicated the relation and effective role of technological entrepreneurship ecosystem in crowd funding. Therefore, for the improvement of crowd funding can be provided the ground for the promotion of the technological entrepreneurship ecosystem.

Purpose: Today, having knowledge-based organizations and businesses is considered an important and main capital for a country and can create a competitive advantage. As a result, the aim of this study was to drawing a scientific map of the knowledge-based businesses development with a bibliometric approach. Methodology: The current research in terms of purpose was applied and in terms of implementation method was descriptive. The population of this study was the conducted research in the field of knowledge-based business development in the Scopus database from 1985 to 2023 year. The data of this study were analyzed by the bibliometric method according to the systematic approach with the two objectives of functional analysis and citation network analysis and with PRISMA protocol in VOSViewer software. Findings: The functional analysis findings showed that in the field of knowledge-based businesses development, Gambardella and McGahan had the most citations (372 times) with an article entitled Business-model innovation: General purpose technologies and their implications for industry structure. Also, authors including Crenicean, Ichijo, Kohlbacher, Markopoulos, Popescu, Sequeira, Vanharanta and Will and countries including United Kingdom, China, United States, Germany, Italy, Romania and South Korea respectively had the most research in the field of knowledge-based businesses development. In addition, the findings of the citation network analysis showed that for collaboration between authors there were 21 links, 7 keywords and 1 cluster and for collaboration between countries there were 34 links, 22 keywords and 5 clusters. Also, for co-referencing words there were 1475 links, 138 keywords and 6 clusters, which were more related to the words of business development, knowledge-based systems, innovation and knowledge management. Conclusion: The results of the present research about the knowledge-based businesses development with a bibliometric approach can have an effective role in designing and implementing programs to improve knowledge-based businesses.

Purpose: One of the social problems of football spectators is their delinquent behavior and the reasons for this behavior. As a result, the aim of this study was identifying and ranking the effective factors in the delinquency of football spectators in Iran and its prevention strategies. Methodology: This study in terms of purpose was applied and in terms of implementation method was quantitative. The research population was football spectators in Iran, which the sample size were determined 400 people and this number were selected with using available sampling method. The research tool was a researcher-made questionnaire of delinquency of football spectators, which its face validity and reliability were confirmed and the data obtained from its implementation were analyzed with exploratory factor analysis test and Friedman's test in SPSS version 23. Findings: The results of the exploratory factor analysis test showed that the effective factors in the delinquency of football spectators in Iran were included the socio-economic factors, mental-psychological factors, managerial factors, events inside the football field and media, which whose content validity was higher than 0.60 and whose Cronbach's and combined reliability was higher than 0.80. Also, the results of Friedman's test showed that the most effective factors in the delinquency of football spectators in Iran were included the events inside the football field, managerial factors, socio-economic factors, mental-psychological factors and media, respectively. Conclusion: According to the results of this research, in order to reduce the delinquency of football spectators in Iran, respectively can manage the events inside the football field, improve the managerial factors, promote the socio-economic factors and mental-psychological factors, and optimize the media behaviors.

Purpose: Education is one of the important factors of economic and social development and the education industry is one of the largest and most tangible industries in the world. Therefore, the aim of this study was to providing a customer value maturity model based on the dynamic capabilities of educational institutions. Methodology: This study in terms of purpose was applied and in terms of implementation method was qualitative. In this study number of 15 people after checking the inclusion criteria such as work experience of at least 10 years and at least bachelor's education with using the purposive sampling method were selected from among the experts of non-governmental educational institutions of the senior school in Tehran city. The tool of the current research was a semi-structured interview with selected experts, which its validity was confirmed by the triangulation method and its reliability was calculated by the method of the coefficient of agreement between two coding 0.88. Data were analyzed by content analysis method. Findings: The results of the present study indicated that for the customer value maturity model based on the dynamic capabilities of educational institutions were identified number of 268 open codes in 5 core codes or levels, respectively including the analysis the value proposition of customer, definition and design the value proposition of customer, management and expansion the value proposition of customer, implementation and execution the value proposition of customer and evaluation and optimization the value proposition of customer. Therefore, the educational programs in the customer value maturity model based on the dynamic capabilities of educational institutions were drawn at five levels based on the level of maturity and value. Conclusion: According to the identified codes and levels for the customer value maturity model based on the dynamic capabilities of educational institutions can be taken an effective step in the direction of customer value maturity.

Purpose: Today, lifestyle plays an important role in improving people's living conditions. As a result, this study was conducted with the aim of identifying the components of informal education of improve the lifestyle of employees. Methodology: The current research in terms of purpose was applied and in terms of data was qualitative. The population of the current research was written sources related to the research field and organizational and universal experts in this field, and the sample of this study was 19 case of written sources and 20 people of experts who were selected by purposive and snowball sampling methods. Data were collected by taking notes from written sources and semi-structured interviews with experts and were analyzed by coding method according to the grounded theory in MAXQDA version 2020 software. Findings: The findings showed that informal education of improve the lifestyle of employees had 136 concepts in 12 components; So that in the central phenomenon section including two components of nature and method, in the causal conditions section including two components of organizational culture and individual factors, in the contextual conditions section including two components of educational facilities and managers' support, in the intervening conditions section including two components of legal obstacles and infrastructural obstacles, in the strategies section including two components of internal organization and organizational knowledge and in the consequences section including two components of competency improvement and empowerment. Conclusion: Considering the components of informal education of improve the lifestyle can be taken effective steps to improve the lifestyle of employees.

Purpose: The purpose of the current study was to identify, quantify, and prioritize the components of reducing the resistance of managers of government organizations in the administrative transformation plan. Methodology: The mixed study method is based on exploratory mixed study. The statistical population in the qualitative section was university professors, managers, and experts of executive systems, in the quantitative section, managers and experts of government agencies, and in the prioritization section, high and middle managers of executive systems of selected organizations. In-depth interviews were used in the qualitative part, while questionnaires were used in the quantitative part, and matrix questionnaires were used in the prioritization one. Acceptability (expert review) and confirmability (expert review) were used to determine the validity and reliability in the qualitative stage, while in the quantitative stage, the validity of the questionnaires was confirmed by three methods: form, content, and structure. Reliability was estimated and confirmed by three methods of determining factor loadings of items, Cronbach's alpha of components (between 0.760 and 0.888) and combined reliability (between 0.842 and 0.923). In the prioritization section, the content of the matrix questionnaire was approved by five academic and organizational experts in terms of comprehensibility and expressiveness, and the rate of inconsistency of the criteria was calculated and confirmed as 0.05 to 0.07. Qualitative data were analyzed with the ground theory technique, while quantitative data with structural equation modeling technique, exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis tests in SPSS and Smart PLS software, and the prioritization section, data were analyzed through hierarchical analysis (AHP) in EXPERT CHOICE software. Findings: The results of the qualitative part indicated that the paradigm model includes 10 dimensions (categories) and 22 components (concepts) in the form of causal, contextual, interventional, strategy, and consequence conditions. Conclusion: The results of the quantitative part showed that all the components of the study model were confirmed. The results of the prioritization section show the greater importance of the outcome and organizational productivity component.

Purpose: Considering the importance of school anxiety and its role in the decline of other academic performance, the present study was conducted with the aim of prediction of school anxiety based on the academic self-efficacy, academic support and academic engagement of first secondary students. Methodology: The current research was a descriptive from type of correlation. The research population was all first secondary students of Tabriz city in the academic years of 2022-2023. The sample size based on the Krejcie and Morgan table was calculated 269 people, which this number were selected by multi-stage cluster random sampling method. The research tools were the questionnaires of school anxiety (Philips, 1987), academic self-efficacy (Jinks & Morgan, 1999), academic support (Sands & Plunkett, 2005) and academic engagement (Reeve, 2013). The data obtained from the implementation of the questionnaires were analyzed with the methods of Pearson correlation coefficients and multiple regression with enter model in SPSS software. Findings: The findings showed that all three variables of academic self-efficacy, academic support and academic engagement had a significant negative relationship with school anxiety in first secondary students (P<0.01). Also, the three mentioned variables significantly were able to predict 56.5 percent of school anxiety changes in first secondary students (P<0.001). Conclusion: The results of this study have practical implications for people who deal with students, and they to reduce school anxiety in students can increase their academic self-efficacy, academic support and academic engagement through educational workshops.