درخت حوزه‌های تخصصی

هدف تحقیق حاضر، طراحی الگوی درسی سبک زندگی سلامت - محور برای دانش آموزان دوره متوسطه اول بود. روش پژوهش، کیفی و با رویکرد داده بنیاد بود. بدین منظور 16 نفر از متخصصان پزشکی کودک و نوجوان علوم تربیتی به روش نمونه گیری هدفمند انتخاب شدند و با استفاده از روش مصاحبه مورد بررسی قرار گرفتند. نتایج کدگذاری و تحلیل داده ها منجر به شناسایی مقوله ها و زیر مقوله های پژوهش شد. همچنین این پژوهش نیز به صورت هدفدار از اسناد و مدارکی استفاده شد که با موضوع مرتبط هستند که تعداد اسناد مورد بررسی 15 مورد می باشد. در ایﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﻧیﺰ ﻣﻼک ﭘﺎیﺎن ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﮔیﺮی اﺷﺒﺎع ﻧﻈﺮی ﺑﻮد. بر اساس یافته ها، مدل مفهومی پژوهش، توسط داده های تجربی در بخش کیفی حمایت شد. همچنین، نتایج ﺣﺎﺻﻞ از ﺗﺤﻠیﻞ و کﺪﮔﺬاری ﺣﺎﺻﻞ از ﻣﺼﺎﺣﺒﻪ ﺑﺎ ﻣﺸﺎرکﺖ کﻨﻨﺪکﺎن ﺑﻪ اﺳﺘﺨﺮاج 22 مقوله، 38 زیرمقوله و 121 مفهوم ﻣﻨﺘﻬی ﺷﺪ. پس از بررسی اسناد و انجام مصاحبه ها، این موارد تحلیل محتوا شد تا مولفه ها استخراج شوند. ایﻦ تحلیل ﻫﺎ ﺑیﺎن ﮔﺮ طراحی و اعتبار یابی الگوی برنامه درسی در ﺳﺒک زﻧﺪﮔی ﺳﻼﻣﺖ ﻣﺤﻮر برای دانش آموزان دوره متوسطه اول ﺑﻮدﻧﺪ. در نتیجه عوامل درسی می توانند سبک زندگی سلامت - محور را تحت تاثیر قرار دهند. بنابراین آموزش و ارتقای این عوامل در دانش آموزان می تواند تا حدودی سبک زندگی آن ها را تحت تاثیر قرار دهد. همچنین، انجام پژوهش برای بررسی نقش آموزش این عوامل به دانش آموزان در تغییر سبک زندگی سلامت - محور آ ن ها، کاربردی خواهد بود.

Wisdom is a concept which has been extensively studied in many researches during recent years. On the other hand, occupational burnout is an issue that has affected teachers’ activities for many years. Occupational burnout is caused by increasing responsibility of teachers over the years. To study the effect of wisdom-therapy on teachers’ occupational burnout, 34 EFL (English as a Foreign Language) teachers who worked in Hamedan high schools were selected using convenience sampling method and assigned randomly into two groups of experimental and control, each including 17 teachers. Maslach Burnout Inventory-Educator’s Survey developed by Maslach, Jackson, and Leiter (1996) was used for examining teachers’ occupational burnout and using one of wisdom-therapy techniques, teachers of the experimental group received training in ten sessions. Finally, using the mentioned inventory, teachers’ occupational burnout was examined again. The results of ANCOVA revealed that wisdom-therapy had a significant effect in reducing the level of occupational burnout, depersonalization and emotional exhaustion among Iranian EFL teachers. In addition, the results also showed that wisdom-therapy had a significant effect in improving the level of personal accomplishment. Thus, it is suggested that wisdom-therapy techniques be used in education and be part of teachers’ training.

Virtual education will be an effective educational system in students' effective learning during the corona and post-corona outbreaks, So the research method is quantitative, applied and descriptive-survey. The study population was all teachers of exceptional schools in Guilan province with a population of 690 people who were selected as a sample using systematic random sampling method. Data were collected through a researcher-made questionnaire. The validity of the questionnaire was confirmed by consulting experts from exceptional education in Guilan province and some university professors. To evaluate the reliability, a pretest was performed and a Cronbach's alpha of 0.92 indicated the reliability of the questionnaire. Virtual education challenges were analyzed through R-type exploratory factor analysis technique. Findings showed that the four infrastructural-technical and economic challenges, content and evaluation, cultural-social and organizational-managerial challenges explained 64.93% of the total variance and the main effective challenges in education Virtual schools in exceptional schools of Guilan province are from the perspective of teachers. Given the importance of overcoming these challenges, more interaction with knowledge-based companies, upgrading a SHAD educational network, effective interaction with telecommunication networks to strengthen the speed and bandwidth of the Internet, design and operation of the system Counseling, experience sharing webinars, parent briefings, and student support charities are recommended.