درخت حوزه‌های تخصصی

The present study investigated the relationship among teachers 'mindsets and their perceptions of students' behavior, learning, and achievement, their interpretations of students 'behavior, and their strategies to increase students' motivation through a qualitative approach and a descriptive phenomenological design.The target population of this study includes all female primary school teachers in District 1 of Yazd city. Initially, 18 teachers volunteered to participate in the study, according to the call. Then, they completed mindset questionnaire and after evaluating the answers and determining teachers’ mindset, 5 teachers were purposefully selected for a more profound and more extensive study. The data were collected using Dweck's Mindset Questionnaire (2000) and Semi-structured interviews. Content analysis was used to analyze the data and the results showed that the relationship between teachers 'mindsets and their perceptions of students' behavior, learning, and progress could be traced through the categories such as fixed mindset's teacher, growth mindset's teacher, and six factors including stereotypes, performance interpretation, evaluation, instruction, motivation, and responsibility. In general, it can be said that teachers 'mindset affect the way, they interpret students' behavior, learning, and success, it is influential on teachers' instructions, evaluations, and responsibilities in the teaching process as well as the type of activities that they use to increase students' motivation. Furthermore, the results showed that teachers' mindsets are intertwined with cultural assumptions; and teachers can be made aware of cultural challenges by increasing their level of knowledge and modifications of their mindsets.

 این پژوهش با هدف شناسایی ابعاد پرورش مدیران مدارس با استفاده از رویکرد آمیخته و ارائه مدل مطلوب اجرا شد. روش پژوهش به لحاظ ماهیت داده از نوع آمیخته (کیّفی و کمّی) و به لحاظ هدف از نوع کاربردی و توسعه ای بود. مشارکت کنندگان بخش کیّفی را اساتید و متخصصان مدیریت آموزشی پس از اشباع نظری به تعداد 20 نفر تشکیل داد که به صورت نمونه گیری هدفمند انتخاب شدند و جامعه آماری بخش کمّی 5404 نفر از مدیران مدارس آموزش و پرورش استان لرستان بودند که بر اساس فرمول نمونه گیری کوکران تعداد 360 نفر به صورت تصادفی خوشه ای از هر ناحیه آموزش و پرورش انتخاب شدند. گردآوری اطلاعات در بخش کیّفی به صورت مصاحبه نیمه ساختاریافته و در بخش کمّی از طریق پرسش نامه محقق ساخته بود که روایی آن با روش های تحلیل عاملی اکتشافی و پایایی آن از طریق روش باز آزمون برای کل پرسشنامه 795/0 به دست آمد. تجزیه و تحلیل داده های کیّفی با استفاده از روش اشتراس و کوربین و تجزیه و تحلیل داده های کمّی با استفاده از نرم افزار AMOS انجام شد. نتایج نشان داد که از بین 17 مقوله شناسایی شده، 5 مقوله از مدل حذف شد و مدل نهایی با 12 مقوله تخمین زده و تأیید شد.

Purpose : The objective of this study was to compare effectiveness of reverse and cooperative learning methods on creativity and academic self-efficacy of female senior high school students. Methodology : This was a quasi-experimental study with pre-test and post-test design and the control group. The study population consisted of female senior high school students in Ahvaz during the academic year 2019-2020. The research sample was 90 people who were randomly selected from three classes of a school and two classes were selected as experimental groups (reverse and cooperative learning) and a class was selected as a control group. Each experimental group was trained in 10 sessions of 75 min by reverse and cooperative learning methods and the control group received no training. The research tools were Abedi (1993) Creativity Test Questionnaire and Morgan-Jinks (1999) Student Efficacy Scale. The data were analyzed by multivariate analysis of covariance and Bonferroni post hoc test using SPSS-22 software. Findings : The study results showed that experimental and control groups were significantly different in terms of creativity and academic self-efficacy (P <0.05). In other words, reverse and cooperative learning methods increased creativity and academic self-efficacy compared to the control group (P <0.05), but no significant difference was found between them in terms of creativity and academic self-efficacy (P> 0.05). Conclusion : Regarding the effectiveness of both learning methods and no significant difference between them, both reverse and cooperative learning methods can be used to increase creativity and academic self-efficacy.