درخت حوزه‌های تخصصی

Lexical inferencing is one of the most important strategies in vocabulary learning and it plays an important role in dealing with unknown words in a text. In this regard, the aim of this study was to determine the lexical inferencing strategies used by Iranian EFL learners when they encounter unknown words at both text and sentence levels. To this end, forty lower intermediate students were divided into two groups. For the first group, a text with 10 underlined words was given and for the second group, the same underlined words were given in separate sentences. The students were supposed to read the text and the sentences and to guess the meaning of the underlined words. Then some lexical inferencing strategies were given to them to determine which strategies they used in guessing the meaning of unknown words. The results showed that they used different strategies like using local context and word association in lexical inferencing and also they were more successful at the text level than the sentence one. The results also indicated that they were strategic learners using their own strategies including translation and cultural background knowledge to guess the meaning of the unknown words.

Professional development and professional identity of English language teachers have usually been explored separately in the research agenda. However, there might be a nexus of relationships between professional identity and professional development in the context of English language teaching. This study, therefore, explored how professional identity might contribute to professional development of English language teachers. To this end, 60 English language teachers from inner, 60 from outer, and 60 from expanding circle of language use were sampled to fill in a questionnaire which was constructed and validated by the researchers. The study concluded that language teachers’ professional development could be theorized on a development of past-present-aspirational identity. It was also found that language teachers’ professional identity could be improved through development of interpersonal relations, system of knowledge and belief, and intrapersonal identity that would be considered as sub-identities of English language teachers’ professional identity.

Self-regulation of learning has been extensively investigated in second language (L2) learning. Many studies have focused on the strategies that language learners employ to regulate their own learning processes. However, motivational self-regulation is considerably less explored. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between motivational self-regulatory strategies (MSRSs) and academic achievement. A motivational self-regulation questionnaire was administered to 64 male and female adult Iranian EFL learners to measure their choice of various strategies. The quantitative data was analyzed by applying correlational and multivariate analyses. The results demonstrated that there was a strong relationship between motivational self-regulatory strategy use and academic achievement. However, no difference was found between male and female learners in their use of the strategies. Further examination revealed that higher-achieving students differed from lower-achieving participants in their preference for strategies. The article concludes that while all learners use extrinsic rewards to self-regulate their motivation, more successful learners tend to manipulate learning tasks to make the tasks intrinsically interesting and pleasant. Also, more successful learners set both long-term and short-term goals to motivate themselves. The results underscore the importance of students’ personal interests, needs and goals, and suggest that teachers foster learners’ command of the strategies through instruction and cooperative activities.

این تحقیق در نظر دارد مجموعه ا ی کتاب های زبان عمومی تالیف شده توسط نویسندگان انگلیسی زبان (4کتاب) و فارسی زبان (5 کتاب) را از حیث اهداف یادگیری در چارچوب اصلاح شده ی بلوم (2011) ارزیابی کند که دریابد کدام سطوح از چارچوب اصلاح شده ی بلوم در این کتابها بارزتر هستند . بدین منظور محتوای کتابها براساس طرح کدگذاری شده که توسط رزمجو و کاظم بور (2012) طراحی شده، کدگذاری شد. پایایی طرح کدگذاری شده نیز مورد آزمایش قرار گرفت. سپس اطلاعات موجود مورد ارزیابی قرار گرفت و فراوانی و درصد وقوع اهداف یادگیری متفاوت مورد محاسبه واقع شد. طبق یافته های این تحقیق, برجسته ترین سطوح یادگیری در کتابهای تالیف شده توسط نویسندگان انگلیسی زبان و فارسی زبان، سطوح پایینی مهارتهای اندیشیدن یا همان سه سطح پایینی در چارچوب اصلاح شده ی بلوم می باشند. با این وجود، سطوح بالایی مهارتهای اندیشیدن یا همان سه سطح بالایی در چارچوب اصلاح شده ی بلوم در کتاب های تالیف شده توسط نویسندگان انگلیسی زبان بیشتر دیده میشود . به طور کلی از تحقیق حاضر برمی آید که کتاب های تالیف شده توسط نویسندگان فارسی زبان نمی تواند زبان آموزان را به تفکر انتقادی وادارد. در پایان پیشنهاداتی چند به معلمان و همچنین طراحان کتاب ارایه شده است.

این مطالعه به بررسی روابط بین انگیزه ها، نگرش ها و فعالیت های آموزشی خانگی والدین ایرانی به سوی دوزبانگی (فارسی وانگلیسی) می پردازد. به همین منظور،از ۶۸ والدین زبان آموز جوان، خواسته شد که به پرسشنامه ای پاسخ دهند. لازم بذکر میباشد که هدف پرسشنامه مذکوربررسی نگرش ها، انگیزش، و فعالیت های آموزشی خانگی والدین به سوی دوزبانگی می باشد. نتایج ضریب همبستگی پیرسون و تحلیل رگرسیون خطی داده ها نشان داد که والدین نگرش مثبت کلی، انگیزه یکپارچه٬ و روشهای رسمی درفعالیت های آموزشی خانگی به کار می گیرند.علاوه بر این٬ یا فته ها نشان دادند که همبستگی مثبت معناداری بین نگرش ها، انگیزش و فعالیت های آموزشی خانگی والدین وجود دارد. ولیکن٬ تحلیل رگرسیون خطی داده ها نسبت به متغیر های مربوطه نشان داد که فقط متغیر انگیزه بر پراکنش فعالیت های آموزشی خانگی تأثیر چشمگیری دارد. پیامدهای بدست آمده ازنتایج برای معلمان٬ سیاست گذاران، و توسعه دهندگان برنامه درسی بهمراه برخی پیشنهادات در این مطالعه فراهم شده است.

The importance of demotivation in language learning has been overshadowed in the commonplace research on language learning motivation and even in mainstream psychology (Dörnyei, 2005). The purpose behind conducting this study was to investigate the relationship between students’ demotives for studying in general and English language in particular. Besides, the importance of educational context was investigated through explaining the changes in students’ responses based on the type of university and gender. In Iran, university education is highly important for youngsters and the type of university with their various contexts is determining for their future. There are popular state universities among which one technical university as well as its satellite campus were selected. Besides, a distance-education and a unisexual university were represented in the present sample, overall comprising 194 bachelor students of different majors. Consequently, the factors considered as demotives are ranked, elaborated on and analyzed in order to shed light on the educational context-specific demotives and the pros and cons of current practices of EFL instruction in the universities.

This study aimed at gaining insights into students’ attitudes in the learning English using the Smart Board or Interactive White Board (IWB) technology in EFL classrooms. The main goal of this paper is to evaluate students’ attitudes towards the use of Smart Board as an instructional tool on student motivation, participation, interaction and retention for learning English in Iranian schools. To achieve this aim, an observation was carried out during lessons in the classroom by the researcher. A questionnaire consisting of 20 questions was also developed by the researcher based on an extensive literature review as well as related instructional theories. The researcher also conducted an interview to find the effect of Smart Boards on student motivation, participation, interaction and retention of information in English classrooms. Analysis of these three instruments yielded patterns of responses concerning how Smart Board or IWB technology can motivate the students and increase their participation in classroom. The results of this study also indicate that students interact more in classrooms where technology is used effectively. Finally, it was found that Smart Boards enhance students' retention of information and learning process in EFL classrooms. The findings of the study will carry important implications for students, language instructors, and administrators as well.