محمدرضا فتحی

One of the governmental research organizations is Research and Technology Organization (RTO), whose primary is to harness science and technology in the service of innovation or public bodies and industry, to improve the quality of life and build economic competitiveness. Despite the importance and role of research and technology organizations in the innovation system, previous studies have not addressed the concept of technology development projects' effectiveness implemented in RTOs. This study attempts to investigate this concept from two aspects: "the concept of effectiveness in research projects" and "the concept of effectiveness in RTOs" to define this concept in a research and technology organization (RIPI). To evaluate and implement the proposed framework, eight technology development projects are studied at the Research Institute of Petroleum Industry. Based on the developed indicators and their weights, the effectiveness of eight technology development projects has been evaluated using ARAS, COPRAS, MOORA, and TOPSIS multi-criteria decision-making methods.

Nowadays, customer satisfaction is regarded as a strategic and influential factor for the success of various businesses. On the other hand, tourism, the world's largest and most diverse industry, is also a significant source of income and job creation for many countries. Therefore, the present study examines the effect of nostalgia, experiential marketing, and experiential values as relatively novel concepts on satisfaction in the tourism industry. In light of the COVID-19 outbreak, the research population includes all tourists who have previously visited the Kashan Rosewater Festival. Furthermore, since the population size is uncertain, it is assumed unlimited. A convenience sampling method was used to select sample members from the population. Methodologically, it is a descriptive survey study based on the subject matter under investigation. It is also a correlational study. A partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) technique was used to analyze the questionnaire results. Based on our findings, nostalgia affects pull motivation, patronage behavior, and future travel intention. However, pull motivation does not influence travel intentions.

The purpose of this work is to use structural analysis to create believable scenarios of Iranian food tourism. In the present study, to formulate plausible scenarios, first by reviewing the literature and interviewing experts, 37 factors affecting food tourism were extracted. The variables affecting the future of food tourism, directly and indirectly, were calculated using a questionnaire and analysis by MICMAC software. Finally, considering the two most critical factors called food festivals and sanctions/international relations, plausible scenarios for the future of Iranian food tourism were developed. Based on the results, four scenarios are presented. These scenarios include Golden Scenario, Limited Scenario, Neglected Scenario and Chaotic Scenario. In Golden scenario, which depicts the ideal conditions, as many suitable food festivals as possible are being held in a country, and sanctions are not imposed. According to Limited Scenario, holding more and better food festivals is on the officials’ agenda, but on the other hand, the country is under sanctions and pressure. In Neglected Scenario, holding festivals is the same as in the past, and the country is not sanctioned. In Chaotic Scenario, depicting the worst-case scenario, the festival process is the same as in the past and has not been developed quantitatively and qualitatively. Also, the country is in a problematic situation of sanctions. Creating Credible The industry's major players and beneficiaries greatly benefit from Iranian food tourism scenarios, which enable them to provide flexible preparation-based programmers in response to shifting circumstances. The techniques and factors that influence the growth of the business will be known to the participants and recipients of food tourism, and this will open up a multitude of opportunities for the players involved.

During the last decade, tourism has always had an ascending approach in appealing new audiences. One of the types of tourism, which is considered the most popular type of tourism in this century, is war tourism. In Iran, war tourism is organized in the form of war tourism camps and is based on the memories and stories of the eight years of holy defense. Preserving the memory and sacrifices of the past generation is one of Iran's cultural priorities, and war tourism camp is one of the most important related cultural events in the country, which transmits these concepts to the new generation. Students and professors are among the influential groups in the society's culture and are among the main audiences of tourism, knowing more about their attitudes and views towards the war tourism can contribute to increase the productivity of this event and the satisfaction of tourists. In this regard, the aim of this study is to identify and categorize the views of the academic community towards war tourism camps. The method was to use Q approach to survey experts and categorize their views. Then, with k-means clustering algorithms, students' opinions have been analyzed with a larger sample size. According to the findings of Q analysis, 3 categories of views have been identified, and according to the outputs of the clustering algorithm, 5 clusters of views have been identified, and the generalities of these cases are very similar.