مطالب

The aim of the research is to design a model of Support Management Information Systems for penetration strategies of Iranian beverages to international markets and validation it. In this research, a combination of interviews with three-stage coding of grounded theory and questionnaires; therefore, this research is mixed. The statistical population of this research includes experts in the field of marketing international products, and according to the research objective, the sampling in this research is purposeful. The sample size in this research was selected to be 10 people based on the snowball sampling method. The research findings identified 8 factors, including Market characteristics (market analysis and selection of target markets), product characteristics (production and packaging), marketing and branding strategies and advertising, cultural and social factors, market challenges and opportunities, management and organizational processes, distribution and sales network, and competitive pricing. ,. The research results showed that for success and penetration in international markets, Iranian beverage companies need to pay special attention to Market characteristics (market analysis and selection of target markets), product characteristics (production and packaging), marketing and branding strategies and advertising, cultural and social factors, market challenges and opportunities, management and organizational processes, distribution and sales network, and competitive pricing. ,. From competitive analysis and identifying market trends to developing new products and using natural materials, all these factors can help optimize marketing strategies. Furthermore, adapting to different cultures and understanding local needs can play a significant role in the success of marketing strategies. Additionally, the use of new technologies and optimization of managerial processes can improve customer relationship management and increase productivity. Ultimately, analyzing consumer behavior and identifying new opportunities can help identify and exploit market opportunities and lead to the sustainable growth and development of Iranian companies in international markets.

Abstract This research covers the differences in some of the interactional competence components, such as topic management, turn management, non-verbal behavior, breakdown repair, and interactive listening, among Iraqi elementary and advanced EFL learners. In relation to both the face-to-face and virtual environments, this article tries to divulge how the said competencies of these learners change with task types—opinion exchange and jigsaw tasks—and educational setting. A mixed-methods design was used to collect quantitative and qualitative data through recordings in both learning environments. Statistical comparison showed that there were significant differences between the interactional competence components for elementary and advanced learners across the two environments. Particularly, advanced learners took turns more efficiently and listened interactively more successfully in face-to-face than in virtual settings; elementary learners struggled to manage topics in virtual compared to face-to-face settings. These findings have implications for EFL pedagogy, particularly in the area of improving virtual learning environments for interactional competence development. The discussion addresses some implications related to instructional design, pedagogical practices, and language assessment in EFL contexts. A mixed-methods design was used to collect quantitative and qualitative data through recordings in both learning environments. Statistical comparison showed that there were significant differences between the interactional competence components for elementary and advanced learners across the two environments. Particularly, advanced learners took turns more efficiently and listened interactively more successfully in face-to-face than in virtual settings; elementary learners struggled to manage topics in virtual compared to face-to-face settings. These findings have implications for EFL pedagogy, particularly in the area of improving virtual learning environments for interactional competence development. The discussion addresses some implications related to instructional design, pedagogical practices, and language assessment in EFL contexts.

This article explores the Pahlavi regime's ideal of the "citizen-soldier" in Iran and its subsequent failure, and reaction generated, as depicted in three instances of the politically conscious Iranian New Wave cinema: Requiem (1978), Beehive (1975), and Baluch (1972). These films act as critical lenses reflecting the profound disjunctions between the state's objectives of training citizen-soldiers and the public realities. Requiem portrays the broken bodies that the state failed to train and subsequently abandoned in the outskirts of Tehran. Beehive features a young man trained but left unutilized by the state, while Baluch depicts a rural man rebelling against the "corrupt," "weak," and "westernized" urban elite, advocating the revolt of "authentic" Iranian soldiers against the citizen-soldier model. Through these films, the ideological conflicts and palpable consequences of the state's body politics for men, and the culminating resistance, are exposed. The films are concerned with the societal and individual impacts of the Pahlavi regime's body policies, and highlight the disconnect between state aspirations and lived experiences. The analysis underscores how these films criticize, and react to the state-driven modernization and the resultant socio-political tensions, and participate in the revolutionary sentiments that culminated in the 1979 Islamic Revolution

Objective: Considering the significance of population and its optimal growth in Iran, the present study examined the low motivation of young couples for childbearing in Shiraz by developing a conceptual model using a quantitative approach. Methods: This research is applied in terms of its goal. The statistical population of this study includes all young couples without children in Shiraz in 2021 (based on the 2016 census, approximately 14% of couples are childless). According to the population size, the number of questions, Cochran's formula, and the G-power sample adequacy index, the approximate sample size consisted of 300 young childless couples, who were selected using the convenience sampling method. Data were collected using a researcher-made questionnaire, and based on factor analysis, the conceptual model of factors was explained and extracted. To test the model, the structural equation modeling approach was employed. The software used in this research was SPSS and AMOS. Findings: The results showed significant differences between the component of economic support and the components of personal growth inhibition, body self-concept, semantic attitude, communicative attitude, and social judgment. According to the model's fit indices, it was observed that the X2/df index was equal to 3.70, which is at an acceptable level. Additionally, the values of the RMSEA index were 0.08, CFI was 0.843, FMIN was 3.21, NFI was 0.798, ECVI was 3.70, and IFI was 0.844, all of which were at an appropriate level. Therefore, the model had a good fit. Conclusion: Based on the research findings, it is recommended that researchers focus on improving attitudes in the areas of body self-concept, social judgment, semantic attitude, and communicative attitudes regarding childbearing.

Objective: The present study aimed to compare the effectiveness of Unified Transdiagnostic Treatment and the Compassion-Based Approach on suicidal ideation and spiritual well-being in women victims of domestic violence. Methods: This study is applied in terms of its purpose and quasi-experimental in nature and method, utilizing a pre-test, post-test, and two-month follow-up design with a control group. The study population comprised all women victims of domestic violence who sought help from social emergency centers and family counseling clinics in Tehran during the second half of 2023. The sample consisted of 51 participants who were selected through purposive sampling and randomly assigned to experimental and control groups. The first experimental group received an eight-session (90-minute each) Compassion-Based Therapy intervention program, while the second experimental group received a ten-session (60-minute each) Unified Transdiagnostic Treatment program at these centers. The control group did not receive any intervention. Data collection tools included the Violence Against Women Questionnaire by Haj-Yahya (2001), the Beck and Steer Suicidal Ideation Scale (1991), and the Spiritual Well-Being Scale by Paloutzian and Ellison (1982). The obtained data were analyzed using repeated measures analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) and Bonferroni post hoc test with SPSS 27 software. Findings: The study findings indicate that both Compassion-Based Therapy and Unified Transdiagnostic Treatment led to a reduction in suicidal ideation and an increase in spiritual well-being in the experimental groups. Additionally, considering the mean difference, Unified Transdiagnostic Treatment had a greater effect than the Compassion-Based Approach in reducing suicidal ideation and enhancing spiritual well-being (p < .05). Conclusion: Based on the findings of this study, Compassion-Based Therapy and Unified Transdiagnostic Treatment are effective approaches for improving spirituality and reducing suicidal ideation in women victims of domestic violence. Psychologists and family specialists are encouraged to utilize these findings to enhance the quality of family life.