حسن حیدری

Selecting approaches with appropriate accuracy and suitable speed for the purpose of making decision is one of the managers’ challenges. Also investing decision is one of the main decisions of managers and it can be referred to securities transaction in financial markets which is one of the investments approaches. When some assets and barriers of real world have been considered, optimization of stock basket can’t be solved easily, therefore, Meta-Heuristic approach is considered. In this regard, the main goal of this paper is to solve stock portfolio constrained optimization problem by using of Firefly Algorithm (FA) and Imperialist Competitive Algorithm (ICA). In order to do so, daily information of 25 accepted stocks in period of 2010-2016, in Tehran stock market have been used. Results show that Firefly Algorithm (FA) and Imperialist Competitive Algorithm (ICA) showed successful function in constrained optimization of stock portfolio and has acceptable accuracy in finding optimal answers in whole risk and returns levels. Also, the results of comparison of Cardinality Constrained Mean – Variance (CCMV) and Cardinality Constrained Mean – Semi -Variance (CCMSV) portfolios two using of Firefly Algorithm (FA) and Imperialist Competitive Algorithm (ICA) and considering to the findings of two criteria for assessing accuracy in stock basket optimization simultaneously show that Imperialist Competitive Algorithm (ICA) has high speed and accuracy for solving stock basket optimization and could have desirable interaction with real barriers of market. Moreover, there is high accuracy optimization of Cardinality Constrained Mean – Semi -Variance (CCMSV) compared to Cardinality Constrained Mean – Variance (CCMV).

The present study aimed at investigating the effectiveness of metacognitive therapy on dysfunctional beliefs, inflated sense of responsibility, and intolerance of uncertainty in patients with obsessive compulsive-disorder (OCD). The design used in the present study is semi-experimental, pretest-posttest with control group and a tree-month follow-up stage. The statistical population consisted of all patients with OCD in Mahallat, a city located in Markazi province, Iran in 2018. The participants first screened by using inclusion and exclusion criteria. Then sixteen patients with OCD selected as the sample of the study through available sampling method and assigned randomly into two groups: one experimental group and one control group (eight patients in each group). Each participant in the experimental group received 12 treatment sessions according to Well's metacognitive therapy method for OCD. The participants were measured both before and after interventions as well as three months later in the follow-up phase by the Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale (Yale-BOCS; Goodman, 1989), the Obsessive Beliefs Questionnaire (OBQ-44; OCCWG, 2005), the Salkovskis Responsibility Attitude Scale (RAS; Salkovskis, 2000) and the Intolerance of Uncertainty Scale (IUS; Feriston, 1994). Data analyzed by multivariate co-variance analysis. The results indicated that metacognitive therapy had a significant effect on reducing dysfunctional beliefs, the inflated sense of responsibility and the variable intolerance of uncertainty (p˂0.050), and its effect remained three months after treatment (p˂0.050). The findings of the study support the effect of metacognitive therapy in improving the dysfunctional beliefs, inflated sense of responsibility and uncertainty of intolerance in patients with OCD.

Purpose: The purpose of this research was to investigate the relationship between thinking styles functions and learning styles with the rate of test anxiety of students. Material & Method: Method of research was correlation. Statistical population was the high school students (male& female) in Arak city. According to the multistage cluster random sampling, first, the dual areas of education Arak city was selected by one area of education, then 400 students (200 female & 200 male) completed the Kolb Learning Styles Inventory (1991) and Sternberg-Wagner thinking Styles Inventory (1992). Data were analyzed using descriptive findings Including mean, standard deviation and frequency distribution and also were analyzed using Pearson correlation coefficient and one-way Anova. Findings: findings indicated significant relationship between the executive and judicial thinking styles and also legal thinking style with students' test anxiety. The results showed that assimilate learning style than most other styles have been less test anxiety. Discussion: students who follow thinking and learning styles which best fits to their personality characteristic experience less test anxiety.