طیبه شریفی

Objective: The aim of this study was to examine the effectiveness of mindfulness-based compassion therapy and positive cognitive-behavioral therapy on ambiguity tolerance in female heads of households in Shahrekord. Methods: The research design was a quasi-experimental one, employing a pre-test, post-test, and follow-up with a control group. The statistical population included female heads of households in Shahrekord. Sixty participants were selected through purposive sampling and randomly assigned to three groups (20 participants per group). The experimental groups underwent 8 sessions of mindfulness-based compassion therapy and positive cognitive-behavioral therapy, each lasting 120 minutes. To determine the effectiveness of the interventions, the McLain Ambiguity Tolerance Questionnaire (1993) was used, and the data were analyzed using repeated measures analysis of variance. Findings: The findings showed that the effectiveness of mindfulness-based compassion therapy and positive cognitive-behavioral therapy compared to the control group on ambiguity tolerance in the post-test were (0.691) and (0.560), and in the follow-up were (0.755) and (0.632), respectively. Additionally, the results indicated that mindfulness-based compassion therapy was more effective than positive cognitive-behavioral therapy. Conclusion: Based on the results of this study, mindfulness-based compassion therapy can be used as a more sustainable and effective intervention than positive cognitive-behavioral therapy to increase ambiguity tolerance in female heads of households.

INTRODUCTION: Due to its geographical location, Iran has frequently faced natural disasters, especially earthquakes, which highlight the need to use the disaster management process. The aim of this study was to structural equation modeling of disaster preparedness in relation to personality traits, mediation of fate and behavioral consequences of citizens. METHODS: This descriptive research is one of the structural equation correlational one. All people aged 18 to 60 living in Tehran city were studied and finally 384 people were selected as a sample based on Morgan table by multi-stage cluster sampling using these questionnaires including: a) NEO 5-Factor Inventory (Costa & McCrae, 1985); b) Fatalism (Shamsoddini & Maghsoodi, 2021); c) Behavioral consequences (researcher-made); and d) Household preparedness index for disasters (Nouri, 2016). Cronbach's alpha coefficient (0.79) was used to assess the reliability of the questionnaires and data were analyzed using SPSS-24, Amos and Lisrel 8.8. FINDINGS: The results showed that personality traits (p<0.01) has a positive and significant effect on disaster preparedness. Also, the indirect effects of fatalism (p<0.01) have a negative effect and behavioral consequences (p<0.01) have a positive and significant effect on people's preparedness against disasters. CONCLUSION: According to the research findings, the components of personality traits, fatalism and behavioral consequences have a great impact on people's tendency to prepare for natural disasters.

Objective: The present study aimed to compare the effectiveness of emotion-focused therapy and short-term psychodynamic therapy on sexual dysfunction and the quality of sexual life in women attending counseling and psychotherapy centers in Isfahan. Methods: The research design was a quasi-experimental pre-test, post-test, and follow-up. The population included all women in Isfahan province suffering from sexual dysfunction in 2023. Sixty individuals were selected through purposive sampling and randomly assigned into three groups: twenty in the first experimental group, twenty in the second experimental group, and twenty in the control group. The first experimental group underwent emotion-focused psychological intervention based on the therapeutic protocol by Gilbert (2014) in fifteen 60-minute sessions, and the second experimental group received short-term psychodynamic psychological intervention based on the therapeutic protocol (Davanloo, 2013) in twelve 60-minute sessions held weekly, followed by a one-month follow-up. The control group was placed on a two-month waiting list for the most effective intervention. Data collection for analysis was conducted using the Rosen et al. (2000) Women's Sexual Dysfunction Questionnaire and the Simonds et al. (2005) Women's Sexual Life Quality Questionnaire. Data analysis was performed using mixed ANOVA with SPSS version 25. Findings: The findings indicated that both treatments were effective in reducing sexual dysfunction in women (F = 73.08, p < .001) and improving the quality of sexual life (F = 18.02, p < .001). However, there was a significant difference between the effectiveness of the two therapeutic methods in reducing sexual dysfunction and increasing the quality of sexual life in women (p < .001). Conclusion: It can be concluded that both emotion-focused and short-term psychodynamic therapies are effective in reducing sexual dysfunction and improving the quality of sexual life in women. Both treatments can be used to reduce psychological issues in women attending counseling centers.