عبدالرضا رکن الدین افتخاری

Purpose - Examination and recognition of the processes and mechanisms governing the physical environment of villages and the factors of rural landscape structure have its specific and unique characteristics. These valuable features are applicable in the research process, planning, and plans approaches, as well as in spatial planning to pay for the open environment and rural landscape development. Therefore, the main objective of the research is recognition of the landscape identity components in the tourism villages with valuable texture. These components can be used in the plans and texture restoration of the villages to have a sustainable landscape. Design/methodology/approach- The research is a descriptive-analytic study with the quantitative method by applying a questionnaire that completed by university’s professors and authorities of organs that are related to valuable textures with this important question: what are the landscape identity components and which one of them is so important? By identifying the components, extracting the items and operating the components, collecting and analyzing the data through the SPSS software, performing the ANOVA test and Tukey's test, the components of landscape was identified. These components are readability, vitality, beauty, security and safety, diversity and variety, belonging, accessibility, cultural history, semantics, visual proportions, and physical quality, social, economic, and environmental. Finally, their significance has been determined relative to each other. Finding- The main hypothesis was the importance of the economic (functional-activity) and perceptual components that are based on the findings of the research which ultimately have been ranked in the Tukey’s test table based on the importance of ranking. The ten components in the second column of the components are the most important and the three components in the first column are less important components and two common components are in the first and second columns. The results showed that the economic component (performance-activity) was the most important of all with an average value of 2.61. Within the perceptual components; the historical-cultural component with an average value of 2.55 ranked after the economic component (first rank) and social component (second) as the third important component and the average value of social component was obtained 2.55, so it can be said that the hypothesis was confirmed. According to the results, to have a sustainable perspective for the future, all these components should be considered more prominently in the plans and projects than in the past. While the same research has already not been done on landscape identity in villages, then this research can be the beginning of development and applied research in rural regions.

Search for and gaining the meaning in life and attaining the perfection had been the primordial motive of human creation. The main reason for manifesting vacuum feelings in human is the crisis of lack of spirituality. Nowadays, human beings are seeking to mean of life and are searching for something more than materiality; because with the modern and advanced technology, the dissatisfaction with life and the sense of daily routine motivates him to discover the cause and the way out of the crisis. Understanding the meaning of life and obtaining satisfaction requires the use of spiritual intelligence and will not be achieved through rational and emotional intelligence solely. In this article, we studied the various dimensions of spiritual intelligence and presented the best model for spiritual intelligence. Then, according to the literature, the impact of tourism on the human was also studied. The results of the content analysis indicate that tourism and travel are effective factors in enhancing the components of spiritual intelligence and, as a result, the promotion of spiritual intelligence, and consequently they will increase the perception of spirituality in life.

Purpose: Evaluation of zoonotic diseases have existed since the beginning of human life on earth, but in recent decades it has become much more important. Today, zoonotic diseases not only important in health area, but also in international economics and politics are also special place are important. the main objective of the present article is to assess the impact of the physical quality livestock building on the development of human and animal health in rural areas. Methodology: In this regard, a survey method has been used. After applying the Cochran formula, 382 questionnaires were prepared in the form of a form and a questionnaire. case study is rural regions of Firouzeh county. For measure the research hypotheses, Binomial test and Linear Regression and TOPSIS has been used. Therefore, the research method is descriptive and analytical. Results: Binomial test results show that the villages are unfavorable in terms of physical quality of livestock buildings. Linear regression results show that increased physical quality of livestock buildings has a direct impact on the development of livestock and human health. Also according to TOPSIS, Taghiabad village, Nayerabad and Shorab are ranked first to third in terms of the high quality of livestock buildings. Practical solutions: Provide trifle and long term loans to ranchers, making changes to the old buildings keeping the livestock according to the quality standards of the livestock building, having a regular program for washing and cleaning the livestock building, more systematic monitoring of health centers by collecting livestock excrements and preventing the accumulation of waste at public passages are suggestions that can help improve the quality of livestock building and human health. Significance of the Study: Regarding the approach to physical quality and its impact on the development of human health and livestock in rural areas and in terms of the area studied, this research has been the first research on the health of animals and humans in rural areas (Firouzeh villages).