مطالب مرتبط با کلیدواژه

stress


۲۱.

Modeling Quality of Life Based on Perceived Stress and Distress Tolerance of the Elderly in Ilam: The Mediating Role of Hardiness(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)

نویسنده:
منبع: Iranian Journal of Health Psychology, Volume ۵, Issue ۲ - Serial Number ۱۲, Spring ۲۰۲۲ 71 - 80

کلیدواژه‌ها: stress Distress Hardiness quality of life Elderly

حوزه‌های تخصصی:
تعداد بازدید : ۳۲۲ تعداد دانلود : ۲۶۰
Objective: This study aimed to model quality of life based on perceived stress and distress tolerance of the elderly in Ilam: The mediating role of hardiness. This applicable study conducted through descriptive-structural equation modeling. Method: The statistical population was elderly people of Ilam city (N=9496) during 2020. The sample size calculated using Power-G software (2007) as 384 cases. The sample selected by aim oriented sampling method based on inclusion criteria in public places of Ilam city. Participants completed the standard questionnaires of the quality of life World Health Organization (1996), Cohen Perceived Stress (1994), Distress Tolerance Scale of Simmons and Gohar (2005), and the Kobasa hardiness Questionnaire (1982). Data analyzed in SPSS25 and Amos -25 software. Results: The results showed that there is a significant relationship between perceived stress, distress tolerance, and hardiness with the quality of life of the elderly in Ilam city. Similarly, there is a significant relationship between perceived stress and distress tolerance with Hardiness. Conclusion: The results of the structural equation model showed hardiness has a mediating role in the relationship between quality of life with distress tolerance and perceived stress. They have a total, direct, and indirect effect on variables
۲۲.

Effect of Environmental Psychology on Reducing Stress and Anxiety on the Pediatric Dialysis Patients(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)

نویسنده:
منبع: iranian journal of educational sociology, Vol ۴, Number ۴ (۲۰۲۱) 41-49

کلیدواژه‌ها: Environmental Psychology stress Anxiety Dialysis Children

حوزه‌های تخصصی:
تعداد بازدید : ۴۹۰ تعداد دانلود : ۲۷۰
Purpose : The impact of the physical surroundings on the healing process and overall well-being has become particularly important for patients in recent years. This study aimed to identify the effects of environmental psychology on reducing stress and anxiety on the pediatric dialysis. Methodology : This descriptive, analytical study was conducted on 150 hemodialysis patients (50 males and 40 female) using convenience sampling at three hemodialysis centers in Ibn Sina, Saadi and Namazi hospitals. Data collection was performed during three months using questionnaire of DASS-21. Collected data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. Findings : Boys accounted for 55.6 percent of pediatric dialysis patients, while girls accounted for 44.4 percent. The sample's youngest participant was 13 years old, while the eldest was 18 years old. According to the results of Table 2, the mean score of the mental state of adolescents hospitalized in three hospitals of Ibn Sina, Namazi and Saadi was M= 42.14. Also, in their opinion, the mean score of medical spaces was M= 73.54. Conclusion : The results of this study showed that the quality of the treatment room is more effective in mitigating tension in dialysis patients aged 13-18 years admitted to the dialysis ward of Ibn Sina Hospital in Shiraz than the other two dilapidated hospitals.
۲۳.

The COVID-19 Anxiety and Psychological Well-being Following Resilience- Based Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (R-CBT)(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)

نویسنده:
منبع: Iranian Journal of Health Psychology, Volume ۵, Issue ۴ - Serial Number ۱۴, Autumn ۲۰۲۲ 35 - 44

کلیدواژه‌ها: Coronavirus disease stress well-being cognitive behavioral therapy Resilience

حوزه‌های تخصصی:
تعداد بازدید : ۲۳۰ تعداد دانلود : ۲۲۷
Objective: This study attempted to use resilience-based cognitive-behavioral intervention (R-CBT) through online learning to reduce COVID-19 anxiety and improve psychological well-being. Method: Fourteen Payame Noor University Telephone Counseling Center students with Corona anxiety, who were selected by volunteer sampling, received nine sessions of R-CBT using a learning management system (LMS). The participants completed the Corona Disease Anxiety Scale (Alipour et al.020) and Ryff Scales of Psychological Well-being (Ryff, 1989) in pre-test, post-test, and follow-up. Finally, the data were analyzed using repeated measures. Results: The results demonstrated the significant effect of R-CBT on COVID-19 anxiety and psychological well-being (p<0.0001). LSD post-hoc test indicated a significant difference (p<0.05) among the pre-test, post-test, and follow-up stages regarding COVID-19 anxiety. Accordingly, the level of anxiety decreased in the post-test and follow-up stage. The results also revealed a significant difference among pre-test, post-test, and follow-up stages in regarding psychological well-being (p<0.05) . Accordingly, the level of psychological well-being increased in the post-test and follow-up stage. However, no significant difference was observed between the post-test and follow-up stages, which highlighted the non-stability of the effect of the intervention over time. Conclusion: According to the results, it could be concluded that online sessions of R-CBT were effective likewise in-person sessions and could be used in pandemic conditions or long-distance therapy to improve psychological condition of anxious patients .
۲۴.

Investigating the Mediating Role of Experiential Avoidance in the Relationship between Stress, Mindfulness, and Binge eating in Obese People(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)

نویسنده:
منبع: Iranian Journal of Health Psychology, Volume ۶, Issue ۱ - Serial Number ۱۵, Winter ۲۰۲۳

کلیدواژه‌ها: Binge eating obesity stress Mindfulness Experiential Avoidance

حوزه‌های تخصصی:
تعداد بازدید : ۱۹۹
Aim: This study aimed to investigate the relationship between stress, mindfulness, and binge eating in obese people with mediating role of experiential avoidance. Method: The current research was of quantitative type with correlational method. The statistical population included all overweight and obese people in the city of Karaj in 2019, and 414 people were selected as research samples through convenience sampling method. Data were collected by calculating participants' body mass index, Acceptance and Action Questionnaire (Bond et al,2011), Harry's stress questionnaire (2005), five-factor mindfulness questionnaire (Baer et al,2004), and binge eating scale (Gormally et al,1982). Collected data were analyzed using structural equation modeling in Amos software. Results: Stress and mindfulness are known variables in clinical interventions for people with binge eating problems but choosing the strategic and practical variable of experimental avoidance as a mediator between these categories and overeating confirmed these variables' theoretical and practical value. This research highlighted the role of experiential avoidance as a powerful and effective variable in the outcome of individual and social measures in the management and planning to correct overeating behavior in obese people.
۲۵.

The Structural Relationship between Academic Self-efficacy and Stress Due to Academic Expectations Mediating by Difficulty in Emotion Regulations in Junior High-school Students(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)

نویسنده:
منبع: Iranian Journal of Learning and Memory, Volume ۶, Issue ۲۳, Autumn ۲۰۲۳ 60 - 70

کلیدواژه‌ها: educational expectation educational self-efficacy Emotion regulation stress students

حوزه‌های تخصصی:
تعداد بازدید : ۲۵۵ تعداد دانلود : ۱۷۳
Educational self-efficacy and its relationship with learners' different psychological traits can have a tremendous effect on the success or failure of the students. Thus, the present research sought to investigate whether academic self-efficacy has an effect on the students' stress derived from the education expectations based on such mediating factor as the difficulty of emotion regulation. The research method was descriptive-correlational based on structural equations. The statistical population consisted of all 800 junior female high-school students, 9th grade, from 16 State schools in the third district of Tehran. To decide on the sample size according to the number of observed variables, assigning a coefficient of 25 for each (7 variables in the model), and taking the possibility of incomplete questionnaires into account, 200 people were chosen by cluster sampling method. The data were gathered using three questionnaires: self-efficacy (Jinks & Morgan, 1999), difficulty in emotion regulation (Gross & John, 2003), and educational expectation (Ang & Huan, 2006). Using the structural equation modelling, the data analysis revealed that educational self-efficacy and difficulty in emotion regulation had a direct and significant effect on the stress caused by educational expectations. Also, an indirect effect of educational self-efficacy with the mediation of difficulty in emotion regulation was captured and the research model was revealed to predict 63% of the stress variable due to educational expectations. The study revealed the importance of cognitive factors in explaining the stress caused by academic expectations.
۲۶.

The Predictive Role of Green Space in Reducing the Stress of English Language Students of Alborz Payame Noor University: A Mixed Design(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)

نویسنده:
منبع: آموزش محیط زیست و توسعه پایدار سال ۱۱ تابستان ۱۴۰۲ شماره ۴ (پیاپی ۳۰) 129 - 145

کلیدواژه‌ها: Green Spaces stress Stress Reduction Theory Payame Noor University students

حوزه‌های تخصصی:
تعداد بازدید : ۱۴۲ تعداد دانلود : ۹۰
Increasing urbanization has resulted in urban stress, and this issue has affected adults, including university students. This study investigates the relationship between the utilization of nearby green spaces by university students and their perceptions of stress and health. According to Ulrich's Stress Reduction Theory, this study designs an online survey method on students’ stress and analyzes their stress based on the results of the survey. The statistical population of the research included all 417 undergraduate students of English Language Translation at Alborz Payame Noor University in the academic year 2022-2023. Finally, 186 students who completed the online survey were selected for the study. The Perceived Stress Scale scores were combined and entered into IBM SPSS statistics 25. The results obtained from the regression analysis showed that the utilization of green spaces is negatively correlated with perceived stress levels, indicating that the frequency and time of visiting green areas have a predictive role in reducing the stress of students. This research adds to the body of knowledge regarding the function that urban green spaces predict promoting wellbeing and stress reduction. Thus, some suggestions for utilizing urban green spaces to improve university students' health might be proposed.
۲۷.

The Mediating Role of Self-Compassion in the Relationship Between Family Cohesion, Stress, and Quality of Life with Body Mass Index in Adolescent Girls(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)

نویسنده:
منبع: Iranian Journal of Health Psychology, Volume ۷, Issue ۱ - Serial Number ۱۹, Winter ۲۰۲۴ 63 - 77

کلیدواژه‌ها: stress Family Cohesion Self-compassion Body Mass Index quality of life

حوزه‌های تخصصی:
تعداد بازدید : ۱۱۶ تعداد دانلود : ۱۳۱
 Objective: Being overweight and obese in adolescence is associated with severe health effects during their lifetime The purpose of this study was to explain the mediating role of self-compassion in the relationship between family cohesion, stress, and quality of life with body mass index in adolescent girls Method: The current research was descriptive-multiple linear regression From among the statistical population of the research, 250 teenage girls were selected as the research sample using a multi-stage cluster sampling method, and finally, after dropping 50 people from the sample group, the data of 200 of them were analyzed. The tools of data collection included the Samani Family Cohesion Questionnaires (2001), Byrne and Mazano Stress (2002) Scale, the World Health Organization Quality of Life (1996) questionnaire, and the NAF Self-compassion (2003) inventory. For data analysis, structural equation modeling was performed using SPSS26 and AMOS24 software. Results: The results showed that the model of body mass index based on the quality of life, family cohesion, and stress with the mediating role of self-compassion has a good fit. It also indicated that family cohesion, stress, and quality of life did not predict body mass index in adolescent girls, But quality of life predicts body mass index in adolescent girls. Conclusion: It seems that self-compassion plays a mediating role in the relationship of body mass index with family cohesion, stress, and quality of life in adolescent girls. 
۲۸.

Relationship between Depression, Anxiety, Stress and Job Burnout with Teachers' Working Memory

نویسنده:
منبع: Iranian Journal of Organizational Psychology, Vol. ۱, Issue ۲, ۲۰۲۴ 19 - 30

کلیدواژه‌ها: Depression Anxiety stress Burnout working memory Teacher

حوزه‌های تخصصی:
تعداد بازدید : ۱۸۵ تعداد دانلود : ۷۷
Job burnout results in decreased productivity and the depletion of human resources, leading to detrimental impacts on individuals, families, and society. This study aimed to explore the relationships among five key variables: stress, depression, anxiety, job burnout, and teachers' working memory. The study population comprised teachers from Zabul city during the 2022-2024 academic years. A sample of 120 teachers was selected using cluster random sampling for descriptive and correlational analyses. Working memory was assessed using the Working Memory Questionnaire (Daneman & Carpenter, 1980). Stress, anxiety, and depression were measured using the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale (DASS-21). Job burnout was evaluated with the Maslach and Jackson's 1980 Burnout Inventory (MBI). The study utilized descriptive statistics and Pearson's correlation coefficient, as well as step-by-step regression analysis, to examine the relationships among stress, depression, anxiety, job burnout, and working memory. The findings indicated a strong correlation among these variables. Regression analysis showed that burnout was the most significant predictor of teachers' working memory compared to the other three variables.
۲۹.

Identifying effective factors in reducing parents' stress during children's participation in sports activities(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)

نویسنده:
منبع: Journal of Human Relations Studies, Volume ۴, Issue ۱۵, Autumn ۲۰۲۴ 8 - 14

کلیدواژه‌ها: stress children parents Sport

حوزه‌های تخصصی:
تعداد بازدید : ۲۴ تعداد دانلود : ۲۰
Objective: Participating in sports has many benefits for children, but sometimes there are some problems that make a series of worries and stress in their parents. Therefore, the current research was carried out to identify factors reducing parents’ stress while their children participate in sports activities.Methods:  The present study is practical in terms of its purpose and was conducted qualitatively via using the descriptive phenomenological method. The participants in the research consisted of university faculty members in the psychology department, sports psychologists, sports instructors, and parents in 2023. The sampling method was purposeful, and the interviews continued in a semi-structured manner up to number 14.Results: Effective Factors in reducing parents' stress during their children's participation in sports activities include 6 main contents: motivational awareness; factors relating to parents, children themselves, instructors, and peer groups; and the structure of sports places and clubs, which form a total of 48 sub-contents.Conclusion: Some of the most important themes expressed in the current research include proper interaction between parents, children, and club coaches, no verbal or physical violence by instructors towards elementary-aged children, and favorable relationships between children and their friends in the club.
۳۰.

The Impact of Swimming Training on Negative Emotional States in Male University Students: A Quasi-Experimental Study

نویسنده:
منبع: Humanistic Approach to Sport and Exercise Studies, Volume ۴, Issue ۲ ُSpring ۲۰۲۴ 66-73

کلیدواژه‌ها: Negative emotional states Anxiety Depression stress Swimming training

حوزه‌های تخصصی:
تعداد بازدید : ۲۱ تعداد دانلود : ۱۸
This study aimed to investigate the impact of swimming training on negative emotional states in male university students. Male university students aged 18 to 25 were randomly assigned to either an experimental group (15 people) or a control group (15 people). Negative emotional states were tested using the depression, anxiety, and stress scales (DASS) (Lovibond and Lovibond, 1995). Differences over time between the experimental and control groups were assessed by 2×2 (group by time) repeated-measures analysis of variance. The mean scores of depression, anxiety, and stress significantly improved post-intervention in both groups, but the level of significance was higher in the experimental group. Therefore, it can be said that swimming training had a significant impact on improving negative emotional states in male university students. So, swimming training and the use of physical and sports activities for young people can help to improve and reduce the level of negative emotional states such as depression, anxiety, and stress in these people and even strengthen positive emotions in them.
۳۱.

The psychological state of elite athletes during the COVID-19 pandemic(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)

نویسنده:
منبع: Sport Sciences and Health Research, Volume ۱۷, Issue ۱,۲۰۲۵ 1 - 12

کلیدواژه‌ها: Anxiety Athletes Coronavirus disease Depression elite stress

حوزه‌های تخصصی:
تعداد بازدید : ۲۸ تعداد دانلود : ۱۵
Background: The study of the psychological effects of this viral disease on the mental health of individuals at different levels of society, especially elite athletes, is of great importance.Aim: Present study aimed to investigate the psychological status of elite athletes during the COVID-19 pandemic.Materials and Methods: The statistical population of this study included 87 Iranian elite and national athletes in various sports. The statistical population of this study included 87 elite and national athletes in various sports. Data were collected using the stress, anxiety, depression inventory (DASS-14), perceived stress inventory (PSS-14), the revised event impact inventory (IES-R), and the Graz Emotional Disorders Questionnaire.Results: There is no significant difference between the components of depression, anxiety, event impact, and emotional disorders (P≥0.05). There is a significant difference between the mean scores obtained by elite athletes and the mean scores of the stress component (P=0.01). The mean scores obtained by elite athletes were lower than the mean scores in the perceived stress component (P=0.001).Conclusion: The elite Iranian athletes in the Corona pandemic are in a relatively good psychological state.
۳۲.

Comparison of the Effectiveness of Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction Group Exercises with Emotion-Focused Group Therapy on Authentic Happiness in Critically Ill Inpatients and Recovered COVID-19 Patients(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)

نویسنده:
منبع: Applied Family Therapy Journal, Vol. ۵ No. ۲, Serial Number ۲۱ (۲۰۲۴) 27-37

کلیدواژه‌ها: stress Mindfulness Emotion-focused therapy Authentic Happiness

حوزه‌های تخصصی:
تعداد بازدید : ۱۵ تعداد دانلود : ۱۵
Objective: This study aimed to compare the effectiveness of Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction (MBSR) group exercises and Emotion-Focused Group Therapy (EFGT) on the authentic happiness of critically ill inpatients and those recovered from COVID-19. Methods: The research utilized a quasi-experimental design with three groups (one control group and two experimental groups), conducted in three phases (pre-test, post-test, and three-month follow-up). The study population included all critically ill patients hospitalized and then recovered from COVID-19 during the second quarter of 2021 at Imam Reza Hospital in Mashhad. A sample size of 15 patients per group, totaling 45 patients, was considered. Patients were randomly assigned to three groups using a convenience sampling method. The training group (1) received eight 45-minute sessions of Emotion-Focused Group Therapy by Greenberg, Warwar, and Malcolm (2008), and training group (2) underwent eight 120-minute sessions of MBSR by Kabat-Zinn (2005), while the control group did not receive any treatment. Data were collected using Rashid's (2008) Authentic Happiness Inventory and analyzed using mixed ANOVA with repeated measures through SPSS-23 software. Findings: Results indicated that although both treatments had an effect on authentic happiness and its components up to the follow-up stage (p < 0.01), no significant difference in the effectiveness of the two treatments on authentic happiness in patients was observed. Conclusion: This research could broadly benefit the psychological state improvement in critically ill inpatients and those recovering from acute or chronic illnesses.
۳۳.

Structural Relationship of Metacognitive Beliefs, Stress, Attachment Styles with Anorexia Nervosa Mediated by Self-Image(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)

نویسنده:
منبع: Applied Family Therapy Journal, Vol. ۵ No. ۳, Serial Number ۲۲ (۲۰۲۴) 66-75

کلیدواژه‌ها: Body self-image Metacognitive beliefs stress attachment styles anorexia nervosa

حوزه‌های تخصصی:
تعداد بازدید : ۱۱ تعداد دانلود : ۱۱
Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the structural relationship between metacognitive beliefs, stress, attachment styles, and anorexia nervosa mediated by self-image. Methods: This research is a descriptive correlational study and is a type of modeling research; the study population included female middle school students from Tehran in the 2022-2023 academic year. The research sample was collected through convenience sampling. Participants included 215 female students who completed online questionnaires on Anorexia Nervosa (Stice et al., 2004), Body Self-Image (Rue & Associates, 1999), Anxiety, Depression, Stress-21 (Lovibond & Lovibond, 1995), Metacognitive Beliefs-30 (Cartwright et al., 2004), and the Adult Attachment Styles Questionnaire (Besharat, 2005). Data were analyzed using the Partial Least Squares method in SPSS and Smart-PLS software. Findings: The results showed that the modified structural relationship model of metacognitive beliefs, stress, and attachment styles with anorexia nervosa mediated by body self-image had the necessary fit. Conclusion: Based on the results obtained, it can be concluded that body self-image played a mediating role in the relationship between metacognitive beliefs, stress, and attachment styles with anorexia nervosa.
۳۴.

The Effectiveness of Schema-Based Parenting Training on Parenting Stress, and Parent-Child Interaction Quality in Mothers of Children Aged 4 to 12 Years(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)

نویسنده:
منبع: Applied Family Therapy Journal, Vol. ۵ No. ۵, Serial Number ۲۴ (۲۰۲۴) 110-118

کلیدواژه‌ها: Parenting schema stress Parent-child interaction mothers

حوزه‌های تخصصی:
تعداد بازدید : ۱۷ تعداد دانلود : ۹
Objective: The present study aims to determine the effectiveness of schema-based parenting training on parenting stress, and the quality of parent-child interactions among mothers of children aged 4 to 12 years. Methods: This research is applied in nature and semi-experimental with a pre-test, post-test, and one-month follow-up design with a control group. The statistical population included mothers of children aged 4 to 12 years who visited counseling centers in District 1 of Tehran. From this population, 45 individuals were selected through convenience sampling and randomly assigned to two groups of 15 (schema-based parenting training and control group). Data were collected using the Pianta Parent-Child Interaction (1994) and the Abidin Parenting Stress Index (1984). Schema-based parenting training, which encompasses educational topics, was delivered to the mothers in 8 weekly sessions, each lasting 90 minutes. For data analysis, which involved two experimental groups and one control group across three time points, a mixed ANOVA with repeated measures was utilized, and the data were analyzed using SPSS 25 software. Findings: The results showed that schema-based parenting training significantly affected parenting stress symptoms (F=30.383, P=0.001, η²=0.52) and the quality of parenting interactions (F=7.057, P=0.002, η²=0.201). Conclusion: It can be concluded that schema-based parenting training effectively reduces parental stress symptoms, and the persistence of the training effect during the follow-up phase indicates the intervention's lasting impact on parental stress.
۳۵.

Effectiveness of Stress Inoculation Training on Emotional Regulation, Childbirth Self-Efficacy and Natural Childbirth Anxiety(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)

نویسنده:
منبع: Applied Family Therapy Journal, Vol. ۶ No. ۲, Serial Number ۲۶ (۲۰۲۵) 23-30

کلیدواژه‌ها: emotional regulation stress Natural childbirth Stress Management Inoculation

حوزه‌های تخصصی:
تعداد بازدید : ۱۲ تعداد دانلود : ۹
Objective: The present study aimed to examine the effectiveness of stress inoculation training on emotional regulation, Childbirth Self-Efficacy and natural childbirth anxiety in pregnant women. Methods: This study employed a quasi-experimental design with a pre-test–post-test and a control group. The sample was selected using convenience random sampling, and 45 pregnant women experiencing natural childbirth anxiety were recruited from healthcare centers. Participants were randomly assigned to three groups (two experimental groups and one control group). The experimental groups received stress inoculation training, while the control group did not receive any intervention. The research instrument included the Wijma Delivery Expectancy/Experience Questionnaire (W-DEQ) (Wijma et al., 1998), which was administered during the pre-test and post-test phases across all three groups. Findings: The results indicated that stress inoculation training had a significant effect on reducing natural childbirth anxiety and increasing positive emotional regulation and childbirth self-efficacy, while negative emotional regulation decreased among women in the experimental groups. Conclusion: Stress inoculation training can be utilized as an effective approach to reducing anxiety and improving emotional regulation and self-efficacy in pregnant women with natural childbirth anxiety, thereby promoting mental health and facilitating a more positive childbirth experience.
۳۶.

The Effectiveness of Lyubomirsky’s Happiness Training on Negative Emotions (Depression, Stress, and Anxiety) and Cognitive Flexibility in Mothers of Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)

نویسنده:
منبع: Applied Family Therapy Journal, Vol. ۶ No. ۳, Serial Number ۲۷ (۲۰۲۵)

کلیدواژه‌ها: Happiness Training Depression Anxiety stress cognitive flexibility mothers Autism Spectrum Disorder

حوزه‌های تخصصی:
تعداد بازدید : ۱۹ تعداد دانلود : ۱۳
Objective: The present study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of happiness training based on Lyubomirsky’s model in reducing negative emotions and enhancing cognitive flexibility in this population. Methods and Materials: This study employed a quasi-experimental design using a pretest-posttest control group format. The statistical population included mothers of children with autism who attended the "Golhaye Beheshti" Center in Qom during spring 2024. A total of 30 participants were selected through simple random sampling and assigned to either the experimental or control group. The experimental group participated in eight 90-minute sessions of happiness training. The research instruments included the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale (DASS-21) and the Cognitive Flexibility Scale developed by Dennis and Vander Wal (2009). Data were analyzed using analysis of covariance (ANCOVA). Findings: The results indicated that Lyubomirsky’s happiness training significantly reduced depression, anxiety, and stress levels while significantly increasing cognitive flexibility in the experimental group (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Happiness-based intervention can serve as an effective strategy for promoting the mental health of mothers of children with autism by alleviating negative emotions and strengthening their cognitive capacities. Keywords: Happiness training, depression, anxiety, stress, cognitive flexibility, mothers, autism spectrum disorder.
۳۷.

Humor in Families and Stress Reduction: The Mediating Role of Positive Affect(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)

نویسنده:
منبع: Applied Family Therapy Journal, Vol. ۶ No. ۴, Serial Number ۲۸ (۲۰۲۵)

کلیدواژه‌ها: Humor stress Positive Affect Family Functioning Structural Equation South Africa

حوزه‌های تخصصی:
تعداد بازدید : ۲۲ تعداد دانلود : ۱۱
Objective: This study aimed to investigate the relationship between humor and stress in families, with positive affect as a mediating variable. Methods and Materials: The study employed a descriptive correlational design with 409 participants selected from families in South Africa, based on the Morgan and Krejcie sample size table. Data were collected through standardized questionnaires measuring humor, stress, and positive affect. Pearson correlation analysis was conducted using SPSS-27 to explore bivariate associations among variables. Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) was performed in AMOS-21 to test the hypothesized mediation model. Model fit was evaluated using multiple indices, including χ², df, χ²/df, GFI, AGFI, CFI, TLI, and RMSEA. Findings: The results revealed significant correlations between the study variables. Humor was positively correlated with positive affect (r = 0.53, p < .001) and negatively correlated with stress (r = −0.41, p = .001). Stress showed a significant negative correlation with positive affect (r = −0.47, p < .001). The structural model demonstrated acceptable fit (χ²(61) = 124.36, χ²/df = 2.04, GFI = 0.93, AGFI = 0.90, CFI = 0.96, TLI = 0.95, RMSEA = 0.049). Path analysis confirmed that humor had a direct positive effect on positive affect (β = 0.39, p < .001) and a negative effect on stress (β = −0.34, p = .001). Stress negatively influenced positive affect (β = −0.28, p < .001). Positive affect mediated the relationship between humor and stress, with a significant indirect effect (β = 0.09, p = .002). Conclusion: The findings highlight the protective role of humor in family contexts, showing that it reduces stress both directly and through the mediating role of positive affect. Integrating humor into family-based interventions may enhance resilience and emotional well-being.