راضیه جلیلی

Purpose: The present study aimed to analyze the content of new primary school Farsi writing books in Iran considering the components of social competence. Methodology: The research method is a combination of descriptive survey and quantitative and qualitative content analysis. The statistical population of the research included 150 experts of Educational Sciences and the content of six course books of Farsi writing books of the primary school. Therefore, sampling method in this study was census method. The data collection tools in a study were a questionnaire and data record checklist. The validity of the tools was evaluated and confirmed by referring to the experts and correlation test was used to test the validity of questionnaire tools and determination coefficient was used in order to assess the validity of the data record checklist. The correlation coefficient was calculated as 0.82 and determination coefficient was calculated as 0.78 showing high reliability for the research tools. Findings: In this investigation, one main question and five detailed questions were asked. In the answer to the first detailed question, a component of skills the familiarity with which is the need of primary school students was determined by asking the experts and the factor analysis. Based on four skills by Felner and the affirmed components for primary school students and content of books, the rest of the questions were analyzed and the results of the analysis were studied with the help of frequency descriptive statistics and percentage. The results of response to the first question of research showed that 30.87% of the content of primary school Farsi writing textbooks in Iran has discussed social competence component that is a relatively good deal. But the disadvantage of the imbalance is for the emphasis on four skills of social competence that exists in all textbooks. Discussion: The entire content of the books more emphasizes on cognitive skills and less emphasis is on the emotional skills.

Objective: The present study aimed to explain attitudes toward extramarital relationships based on personality dimensions and sexual schemas, with the mediating role of sexual novelty-seeking. Methods: This research employed a descriptive-correlational design. The statistical population included all couples who referred to psychological counseling centers and family courts in Tehran in 2021. The sample size was determined as 674 individuals based on Morgan's table and selected using a convenience sampling method considering inclusion and exclusion criteria. Individuals with anxiety or mood disorders were excluded from the study. Research instruments included the Attitudes Toward Extramarital Relationships Questionnaire by Mark (2006), the NEO Personality Inventory-Revised (2004), the Questionnaire of Cognitive Schema Activation in Sexual Contexts (QCSASC), and the Glass and Wright Justification for Extramarital Relationships Questionnaire (1992). Data were analyzed using structural equation modeling and path analysis with LISREL software version 10.20. Findings: Results indicated that 30.7% of the variance in attitudes toward extramarital relationships was indirectly explained by personality dimensions and sexual schemas, with the mediating role of sexual novelty-seeking. Based on the findings, attitudes toward extramarital relationships were positively and significantly predicted by neuroticism (path coefficient = 0.25), openness to experience (path coefficient = 0.84), sexual schemas (path coefficient = 0.27), and sexual novelty-seeking (path coefficient = 0.16). Conclusion: The findings revealed that attitudes toward extramarital relationships were negatively and significantly predicted by agreeableness (path coefficient = -0.38) and conscientiousness (path coefficient = -0.33). Thus, personality traits and sexual schemas predict extramarital relationships and sexual novelty-seeking.