علی مهداد

Purpose: Parenting plays an important role in the correct guidance of children to their career path succeed. Therefore, the current research was conducted with the aim of analyzing the educational components of parents for career path success from childhood. Methodology: This research in terms of purpose was applied and in terms of implementation method was qualitative from type of exploratory. The population of this research was all the documents including books and articles about the career path success from childhood in the range of 2013 to 2022 years. According to the inclusion criteria number of 15 books and articles were selected as samples with the purposive sampling method. Data was collected by taking notes from documents. Also, to analyze the data used from Hsieh and Shannon (2005) content analysis method. Findings: The findings indicated that the educational components of parents for career path success from childhood had 6 comprehensive codes, 14 organizing codes and 56 primary codes. In this study, comprehensive codes include fostering love to learning (with 2 organizing codes of setting the context for learning and practical learning opportunities), group activity training (with 3 organizing codes of learning manners, integrating teamwork skills in everyday life and preparing to solve teamwork conflicts), training resourcefulness and resourcefulness (with 3 organizing codes of teaching the art of positive skepticism, exposing the child to resourceful and resourceful models and fostering resourcefulness skills), developing an intellectual perspective (with 2 organizing codes of providing new experiences and training of foresight), preparation for networking and conversation in the labor market (with 2 organizing codes of fostering reflective performance and fostering practical and communication skills) and age-appropriate understanding from the labor market (with 2 organizing codes of child's mental preparation for the future labor market and practical preparation for the future labor market). Finally, the pattern of comprehensive and organizing codes of educational components of parents for career path success from childhood was drawn. Conclusion: According to the findings of this study, for the career path success can use from the identified comprehensive and organizing codes in this research and provide the ground for their realization.

Purpose: The aim of the present study was to investigate the mediating role of self-esteem in the relationship between psychological capital, academic engagement, and academic procrastination with academic performance among high school students in Al-Diwaniyah, Iraq. Methodology: The research method was descriptive-correlational with a structural equation modeling design. Among the students of Al-Diwaniyah schools in the first semester of the 2023-2024 academic year, 250 were randomly selected using multi-stage cluster sampling, of which 194 completed the questionnaires. Data were collected using the Academic Performance Questionnaire (Pham & Taylor, 1990), the Academic Procrastination Questionnaire (Solomon & Rothblum, 1984), the Academic Engagement Questionnaire (Fredricks et al., 2004), the Psychological Capital Questionnaire (Nguyen et al., 2012), and the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (Rosenberg, 1965), and analyzed using SPSS version 26 and AMOS version 24. Findings: The findings showed that there is a significant positive relationship between psychological capital and academic engagement with self-esteem and academic performance, and between self-esteem and academic performance (p < .01). Additionally, academic procrastination has a significant negative relationship with self-esteem and academic performance (p < .01). Furthermore, self-esteem partially mediates the relationship between psychological capital, academic engagement, and academic procrastination with academic performance. Conclusion: Based on the findings of this study, it can be concluded that fostering self-esteem through the development of psychological capital and effective academic strategies can lead to improved academic performance.

Considering the unbreakable links between human behavior, environmental health, and the well-being of all species, education for citizenship behavior, the environment, and sustainable development has emerged as a beacon of hope, leading humanity towards a more harmonious relationship with our planet. This research aimed to compare the effectiveness of face-to-face and virtual education using a comprehensive package of citizenship education on the environmental and sustainable development behaviors of students. The experimental method employed a four-group design, including two test groups (face-to-face and virtual) and two control groups, with a pre-test, post-test, and two-month follow-up design. Among the students of Azad University of Isfahan in the winter and spring of 2023, 25 individuals who met the desired entry criteria were selected for each group and randomly assigned to 4 groups. Citizenship education was implemented using a researcher-made package with a specialized reliability of 0.93, delivered in person for one group and virtually for another group. Data were collected using the Irannezhad et al. (2023) questionnaire. The data were analyzed using repeated measures analysis of variance and Bonferroni's post hoc test in SPSS software version 26. The findings of this research showed that both face-to-face and virtual education were effective in enhancing environmental behaviors and sustainable development. There was no significant difference between the outcomes of the behaviors resulting from the two educational methods.