Intimacy

Family is the initial cell and corner stone of a society that forms the base of characterization of the child. Health of society depends on health of family. Family with positive outputs renders mental and sentimental problem, socialize proportional children with the values and manners approved by society and arrange sexual behaviors. Present paper aims to identify important factors effecting family break-up and their impacts on family. For this purpose, out of 150 divorce applicants (30% male70% female), 107 samples were selected randomly and were studied by interview techniques based on, questionnaires. In this research tow hypotheses "economic difficulties are the laying ground for the family break – up" and "Absence of intimate space and sexual satisfaction are the factors of family brake – up as well as one question “Is annoyance the basis for family problems? Were studied. The results showed that 63.6% of the society confirmed the economic problems in divorce whereas 24.3 of men of families seeking divorce were unemployed. Of course, the proportion of unemployed men is 2/6% in Iranian families. And the rate of employment in divorce families is 36.8% among the employment of all married women in Iran (12%). The difference between the indices of sample group with that of statistical society was at the level of P= 5% were significant. 93% of women and men were annoyed from each other.

511 commercial emails from four Asian countries, namely China, Pakistan, India, and Iran have been analyzed in a mixed-method design. The focus of the study is on the two features of politeness and intimacy. In the quantitative analysis, the model proposed by Brown & Levinson (1987) and that of Coulmas (2005) which have drawn upon the features of indirectness in requesting and the length of letters as the indicators of politeness are used. In the qualitative and descriptive analysis formality in salutation and opening clause as well as the use of abbreviated forms are taken into account. The result shows that Iranians use the most polite style in their business letters, while Chinese use the most intimate discourse. On the other hand, Indians use both the least polite and intimate style in their business letters. Pakistanis’ use of polite and intimate style is not as conspicuous as that of Iranians and Chinese respectively. The findings are hoped to help better inter-cultural understanding, especially with respect to written rhetorical characteristics.

 The present s tudy aimed to discover the memorabilia aspects and evaluate the effectiveness level on promoting the feeling of intimacy of inhabitants in localities to their biological scopes. The feeling of intimacy is a multidimensional issue for which various aspects are compelling. Based on the recent s tudies, memory as one of the criteria examines the feeling of intimacy toward their habitats. To assess the theoretical patterns, three locations were chosen as a case s tudy among old localities, including Ishaq Beyg, Blacks tone, and chicken market and three areas of irrigation, Havabord, and Eslahnezhad among new localities of Shiraz. A consis tent ques tionnaire was dis tributed among them. This s tudy includes a practical method is and developed based on correlation and descriptive-analytical technique. The ques tionnaires data were assessed by SPSS software and Spearman Correlation Coefficient tes ts, ANOVA, Tukey, Samples, and Paired Tes t Samples T and Pearson Correlation Coefficient. Our results indicated the homogeneity of particular localities in old and new contexture based on the individual feature's similarities and importance of memory aspect on the promotion of intimacy in all localities. Thus, social memories are more effective than skeletal ones in promoting the inhabitant's intimacy in localities.

Purpose : The aim of this study was the effectiveness of family therapy in Bowen's systemic approach on humor and intimacy of couples. Methodology : The research design was quasi-experimental with pre-test-post-test design with experimental and control groups. The statistical population of the study was all couples in Tehran in 2020. The statistical sample size of the study is 50 couples who, after consultation and explanation of the research conditions and the satisfaction of the sample, are divided into experimental and control groups (25 in the experimental group and 25 in the control group). The experimental group was exposed to the Bowen systemic approach during eight sessions of family therapy, and the controls did not receive any training from the researcher. The research instruments were the Thompson and Walker Marital Intimacy Scale 1983 and the 2003 Martin Humor Questionnaire. Analysis of covariance was used to analyze the data. Findings : Data analysis showed that the experimental group in the post-test phase after receiving family therapy Bowen systemic approach in the variables of humor and intimacy had a positive difference compared to the control group and the research hypotheses were confirmed. Conclusion : Based on the research findings, it can be concluded that Bowen's systemic approach to family therapy has an effect on couples humor and intimacy.

Objective:  The purpose of this paper was to examine the effectiveness of the training couple care program (CARE) based on Halford’s instructions on intimacy and trust of couples referred to counseling centers of Isfahan in 2021.Methods: The research methodology of this study was semi-experimental divided into two groups of experiment and control with 16 participants in each group. The statistical population of this research included all couples who have referred to the counseling centers of Isfahan in the first 6 months of 2021. Subjects of experimental group participated in 7 sessions of the training program which each session took 90 minutes. Research data was collected by Alavi’s questionnaire. For evaluating of the content validity of this questionnaire was utilized experts’ propositions. Findings showed that the training approaches of the couple care program (CARE) are effectiveness on the intimacy, emotional, supportive, and aggressive behaviors, and trust of couples.Results: when the emotional experience of love and intimacy in couples’ relationships becomes less important and less valuable, the life atmosphere definitely becomes unstable and unreliable. Therefore, by implementing the care training program, it is possible to create a calm psychological atmosphere in couples’ relationships and provide the way for a more productive conversation. In this way, intimate relationships become stable with the ability to communicate and agree on interests in a relationship.Conclusion: the beliefs and expectations of couples affect the perception of couples, marital life, relationships and interactions. So that they can form stable relationships between couples or lead intense love to divorce; which can be improved with the help of rich programs such as CARE couple care program, communication, and care in couples.

Objective: The current study aimed to examine the effectiveness of Emotion-Focused Couple Therapy (EFCT) on intimacy, marital adjustment, and forgiveness among couples with a history of extramarital affairs. Methods: The research design was a quasi-experimental pretest-posttest with a control group. The study population included all women in Tehran who were affected by their husbands' extramarital relationships in 2022. A sample of 30 women affected by such relationships and visiting counseling centers in District 2 of Tehran was selected through convenience sampling and randomly assigned to either the experimental or control group in equal numbers. The research instruments included the Thompson and Walker (1983) Intimacy Scale, the Spanier (1976) Marital Adjustment Questionnaire, and the Rye et al. (2001) Forgiveness Questionnaire. The experimental group received EFCT in eight 60-minute sessions over a month; the control group was placed on a waiting list. Data were analyzed using repeated measures analysis of variance with the aid of SPSS version 23 software. Findings: The findings indicated that EFCT significantly improved intimacy (p < 0.01), marital adjustment (p < 0.01), and marital forgiveness (p < 0.01). Conclusion: It can be concluded that Emotion-Focused Couple Therapy effectively enhances intimacy, adjustment, and forgiveness in couples with a history of extramarital affairs.

Objective: The present study aimed to determine the efficacy of acceptance-based therapy in enhancing intimacy and marital forgiveness and reducing marital burnout in women affected by extramarital relationships. Methods: This was a quasi-experimental study with a pretest-posttest and follow-up design, including a control group. The population consisted of all women affected by their husband's extramarital relationships who attended specialized family counseling centers in District 6 of Mashhad. From this group, 30 participants were selected through purposive sampling based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. Data were collected using the Rey et al. (2001) Marital Forgiveness Scale, the Pines (1996) Marital Burnout Scale, and the Thompson and Walker (1983) Marital Intimacy Scale. Participants were then randomly assigned into three experimental groups and one control group, each consisting of 15 individuals. Data analysis was conducted using repeated measures analysis of variance with the Statistical Software Package SPSS-20. Findings: The findings indicated that acceptance and commitment therapy was effective in improving intimacy, marital forgiveness, and reducing marital burnout in women affected by extramarital relationships (P < 0.01). The results were also sustained at the follow-up stage. Conclusion: Therefore, it can be concluded that acceptance and commitment therapy was effective in enhancing intimacy, forgiveness, and reducing marital burnout among women impacted by extramarital relationships, and this therapeutic approach can be utilized to address psychological issues in couples affected by extramarital relationships.

Objective: This study aimed to explore how humor functions as a coping mechanism that contributes to marital satisfaction among couples in Slovenia. Methods and Materials: A qualitative design was employed, relying on semi-structured interviews to capture couples’ lived experiences of humor in marriage. Twenty-four participants (12 couples) from Slovenia, married for at least three years, were recruited using purposive sampling. Interviews were conducted until theoretical saturation was achieved, with each session lasting between 60 and 90 minutes. Data were transcribed verbatim and analyzed thematically using NVivo 14 software. Trustworthiness was enhanced through peer debriefing, member checking, and triangulation with field notes. Findings: Four major themes emerged from the data: (1) Humor as an Emotional Buffer, where couples described humor as a strategy for stress relief, emotional recovery, and conflict de-escalation; (2) Humor and Intimacy, highlighting the role of shared jokes, playful teasing, and affectionate humor in strengthening closeness and trust; (3) Humor as a Communication Strategy, with participants explaining how humor allowed them to soften criticism, indirectly express sensitive issues, and repair conflicts; and (4) Humor and Marital Resilience, where humor facilitated coping with external stressors, fostered perspective-taking, and sustained hope during challenges such as illness or financial strain. Couples reported that affiliative and self-enhancing humor styles were most beneficial, while aggressive humor could undermine satisfaction. Humor was also noted as increasingly expressed through digital interactions, including memes and messaging. Conclusion: The findings suggest that humor is a multidimensional coping resource in marriage, functioning simultaneously as an emotional, relational, communicative, and resilience-enhancing tool. While humor generally promotes marital satisfaction, its effects depend on style and context. These insights highlight the importance of constructive humor in maintaining healthy, satisfying, and enduring marital relationships.