third space

The aim of this article is to study selected poems of Oodgeroo Noonuccal, the national poet of the Australian Aborigines, in the light of Homi K. Bhabha’s postcolonial theories. Using a descriptive research methodology, the present study examines the way Noonuccal’s poetry fashions resisting discourse in contemporary Australia. First of all, introductory notes on postcolonial movement, colonial history of Australia and Noonuccal are presented and then postcolonial key terms such as hybridity, third space and otherization are applied to selected poems with the purpose of highlighting the anticolonial inclinations in them. Throughout the study, third space which comes as a result of hybrid cultures is emphasized as a background for reflecting and reinforcing Aboriginal tendency in Australia. Finally, issues such as expounding a view of history from the perspective of the colonized, pointing to the disappearance of Aboriginal culture and tradition and their revival, protesting against the states’ unjust policies regarding the Aborigines, putting an end to otherization and issuing a call for a just integration of blacks and whites are all considered as valiant attempts waging the anticolonial struggles in Oodgeroo Noonuccal’s poetry.

Gender and Third Spaces: Women's Perceptions and Experiences of Coworking Spaces in Tehran"New theories consider space as a social construct in which all members of society, including women, play a role in its production. Space is a domain for the reproduction of power and the representation of social roles. The concept of third space, despite being discussed by many theorists, was notably introduced by Oldenburg. Third spaces can be understood as places other than home and work where individuals spend their time freely, away from the formal constraints of work and the emotional and functional demands of home. Third spaces are arenas for the presence of effective social interactions and the expression of individual and collective creativity. This study employs a qualitative method, grounded theory approach, and in-depth interviews with 8 women who participate in coworking spaces. Coworking spaces have recently gained popularity in Iran, with many men and women engaging in work and activities there. The findings of this study reveal that women have transformed these spaces into professional networking environments and use them to navigate a male-dominated structure that limits women’s participation in professional activities. This indicates women’s agency in social spheresKeywords: Gender; Agency; Third Space; Coworking Space; Networking

Background: Many efforts have been put into using serious games for education over the past two decades. Although there are different definitions for serious games, there is a relative agreement that the education of knowledge or skills through or by means of entertainment is at the heart of every serious game. However, educational capacities of serious games and learning strategies exploited in them require further studies.Aims: Considering the capacities of Fauconnier and Turner’s Blending theory, this paper aims to show that the learning strategies in serious games can have other dimensions.Methodology: This paper employs a conceptual and theoretical analysis methodology, drawing on Fauconnier and Turner’s Conceptual Blending Theory to examine the learning strategies embedded in serious games. Additionally, it utilizes a case study approach, analyzing the serious game FLIGBY to illustrate how structural and conceptual blending contribute to creative learning.Findings: The focus point of the paper as the source of the generation of different kinds of unconscious learning processes will be conceptual blending. In the end, the paper will also introduce the serious game FLIGBY from the perspective of Fauconnier and Turner’s blending theory at both structural and conceptual levels.Conclusions: By means of blending theory, it will be discussed that the elevation of serious games to a higher level is possible; a level that will not only reduce the tiredness of serious games but also pursue a more innovative learning, happening at two levels of structural and conceptual.