محمود مدیری

Since organizations work in complex and uncertain settings, their supply chains should be managed. The first step of supply chain management is to identify factors such as risks that disrupt this process. Risk and disruption can lead to failure of the supply chain of companies. Therefore, to reduce the effect of such disruption, the supply chain should be designed in such a way that they can recover to their initial state or even create better conditions by providing an efficient and effective response in the face of events. i.e., resilience in the structure of the supply network. Given the importance of risk management and resilience in the supply chain on the one hand, and few qualitative studies conducted in this field on the other hand, this study was conducted to propose a paradigmatic model of risk management based on resilience in the National Iranian Oil Products Distributing Company (NIOPDC) and the gasoline supply chain. This study has been conducted using a qualitative approach and multi-grounded theory (MGT) in such a way that with a deep review of the relevant literature and the use of 64 articles and 17 semi-structured interviews, data were collected and analyzed and a Conceptual Model of supply chain risk management (SCRM) was proposed by the resilience approach for gasoline products in the NIOPDC.Based on research findings, A total of 58 concepts and 14 dimensions were extracted under 5 categories of SCRM, a Conceptual Model was proposed, and accordingly two hypotheses were presented. Given the proposed paradigm model, risks cause disruption in the supply chain. If there is a governing platform for active supply risk management, by identifying risks and applying resilience capabilities to face the risks appropriately leads to management risks and achievement of the goal of "guaranteeing smooth and uninterrupted flow of fuel supply".

Despite the growth of financial technologies (FinTechs) and their impact on transforming financial services, the implementation of fintech for gaining a competitive advantage in banks appears essential. The aim of this article is to model and determine the relationships and relative importance of the dimensions and components of implementing fintech in the financial-banking system. To this end, the research was conducted with a qualitative and quantitative approach in 2023. The research community included 12 experts, comprising managers and senior specialists from state banks, who were selected purposefully and theoretically. The data collection tools were semi-structured interviews for the qualitative section and a pairwise comparison questionnaire for the quantitative section. The results of the qualitative section, analysed through content analysis, indicated that the model includes dimensions such as "infrastructure and technical", "organizational policies", "products and services", "market", "marketing and sales", "economic", "human resources" and "ecosystem." The quantitative results, analysed using fuzzy DEMATEL, showed that "products and services" is the most influential and critical dimension in the model, suggesting that the success of implementing the model depends on improving this dimension. "Ecosystem" is the most impactful dimension with the strongest relationship in implementing the model, leading to the model's improvement. The findings of the network analysis process also indicated that the components of "product and service diversity", "security and privacy protection", "product and service adaptability" and "creating a platform and sharing it" are the most important. Based on the results, it is recommended that banks invest in those financial technologies (fintech) that can quickly respond to the desires and needs of their customers for successful fintech implementation.