پیامد بخش برون سازمانی شفافیت برای عملکرد و افشای مسئولیت اجتماعی (مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)
درجه علمی: نشریه علمی (وزارت علوم)
آرشیو
چکیده
شفافیت برون سازمانی فراتر از کیفیت افشای درون سازمانی است که براساس قوانین و مقررات انجام می گیرد. این جزء از شفافیت شامل الزامات و فشارهای بیرونی است که مدیران را ملزم به رعایت استانداردهای بالاتری در ارائه اطلاعات می کند؛ در این راستا هدف پژوهش حاضر بررسی تأثیر شفافیت برون سازمانی بر عملکرد و افشای مسئولیت اجتماعی است. این پژوهش ازنظر نوع، توصیفی-همبستگی بوده و جامعه آماری آن شامل ۱۰۵ شرکت پذیرفته شده در بورس اوراق بهادار تهران در سال های ۱۳۹۲ تا ۱۴۰۱ هجری شمسی است که با استفاده از نرم افزار ایویوز و استتا آزمون شده اند. نتایج نشان داد که افزایش شفافیت برون سازمانی منجر به بهبود عملکرد و افشای مسئولیت پذیری اجتماعی شرکت ها می شود؛ بنابراین، فشار ناشی از شفافیت برون سازمانی موجب افزایش شفافیت شرکت ها و بهبود افشای مسئولیت اجتماعی آنها می شود. افزایش این نوع شفافیت، عدم تقارن اطلاعاتی و مشکلات نمایندگی را کاهش می دهد و اهداف مدیران را با اهداف شرکت همسو می کند که نتیجه آن بهبود عملکرد مسئولیت اجتماعی شرکت است. این پژوهش درک عوامل تعیین کننده گزارشگری مسئولیت پذیری اجتماعی را با نشان دادن اینکه شفافیت برون سازمانی به عنوان پیش بینی کننده ای قوی در زمینه فعالیت های مسئولیت پذیری اجتماعی است، افزایش خواهد داد؛ علاوه براین، با آشکارکردن تأثیر شفافیت برون سازمانی بر گزارش های مسئولیت پذیری اجتماعی مدیران را تشویق می کند تا گزارش های جامع تری تهیه کنند. این مطالعه سیاست و پیامدهای عملی را آشکار می سازد و نشان می دهد که چگونه فشارهای برون سازمانی برای شفافیت، شرکت ها را به سمت مسئولیت اجتماعی بیشتر سوق می دهد.The Consequence of External Part of Transparency for Performance and Disclosure of Social Responsibility
External transparency extends beyond the quality of internal disclosures, which are primarily governed by laws and regulations. This dimension of transparency encompasses external requirements and pressures that compel managers to adhere to higher standards of information disclosure. This study examines the impact of external transparency on corporate social responsibility (CSR) performance and disclosure. This study analyzes data from 105 companies listed on the Tehran Stock Exchange between 2013 and 2022, using EViews and Stata software. The findings reveal that heightened external transparency enhances both CSR performance and disclosure. External transparency pressures foster greater corporate transparency, thereby improving CSR disclosures. Additionally, increased transparency mitigates information asymmetry and agency problems, aligning managerial objectives with corporate goals and ultimately enhancing CSR performance. This study contributes to the literature by demonstrating that external transparency serves as a robust predictor of CSR activities. Moreover, it highlights the role of external transparency in encouraging managers to produce more comprehensive CSR reports. The research also uncovers policy implications, illustrating how external transparency pressures drive firms toward greater social responsibility. Keywords: External Transparency, External Pressures, Performance of Social Responsibility, Disclosure of Social Responsibility JEL Classification: D25, D53, M41 Introduction Although prior research has made significant progress in exploring the relationship between transparency and social responsibility, gaps remain in understanding how information asymmetry affects CSR performance. Existing literature presents mixed findings regarding transparency’s impact on CSR. Some studies suggest that transparency may reduce CSR investments due to short-term performance pressures (Aguinis & Glavas, 2012; Margolis & Walsh, 2003; Orlitzky et al., 2017), as noted by Fiesler (2011). Conversely, other research indicates that increased transparency may enhance CSR investments by attracting more analysts and bolstering corporate reputation (Luo et al., 2015; Gao et al., 2016). Studies also suggest that external pressures may incentivize firms to prioritize CSR activities to align with societal expectations (Garcia Sanchez et al., 2021). However, the literature remains inconclusive on whether transparency increases or decreases CSR investments. Prior research has predominantly examined transparency from an analyst’s perspective, whereas external stakeholder pressures compel managers to meet shareholder expectations and ensure financial performance (Pondville et al., 2013; Rowley & Berman, 2000). Anderson et al. (2009) categorize transparency into internal (disclosure quality) and external (market scrutiny), with the latter necessitating clearer information disclosure. External transparency, driven by external pressures, may influence CSR performance and disclosures—a relationship this study seeks to explore (Bushman & Smith, 2003). Methods & Materials The data for this study were collected from multiple sources, including the Tehran Stock Exchange database, the Tehran Stock Exchange Technology Management Company, and the Tehran Stock Exchange Library, which provided variables related to external transparency, bid-ask spread, and trading volume. Additional data for control variables were extracted from Rahavard Novin software, financial statements, and company notes, while the Board of Directors’ activity reports to the General Assembly of Shareholders supplied information on CSR and corporate governance quality. The sample comprises companies listed on the Tehran Stock Exchange from 2013 to 2022. Applying specific selection criteria, a sample of 105 firms was selected, yielding 1,050 firm-year observations. Preliminary data processing was conducted in Excel, while final analyses were performed using EViews (version 13) and Stata (version 17). Findings Regression model estimations indicate a positive and significant relationship between external transparency and both CSR performance and disclosure. The first hypothesis, examining the effect of external transparency on CSR performance, was confirmed, suggesting that increased transparency enhances CSR performance. The second hypothesis, tested via logistic regression, also confirmed a positive and significant association between external transparency and CSR disclosure, indicating that greater transparency leads to more robust CSR disclosures. Existing literature suggests that external stakeholder pressures for transparency help bridge the gap between disclosed and actual performance, preventing misleading CSR reporting (Anderson et al., 2009). Market expectations and oversight compel firms to present information more clearly (Leuz, 2000). Such monitoring pressures encourage firms to make more informed CSR decisions and better assess risks (Bushman et al., 2004). External transparency surpasses internal disclosure quality, which is often legally mandated, by incorporating external pressures that push managers toward higher disclosure standards (Bushman & Smith, 2003). As transparency pressures intensify, firms shift focus toward long-term performance, whereas reduced pressures may lead to short-termism rooted in agency theory. Discussion and Conclusion The findings align with prior research, demonstrating that external transparency positively influences CSR disclosure and performance. These results suggest that external pressures for transparency foster a more transparent informational environment, thereby improving CSR disclosures. Additionally, heightened transparency reduces information asymmetry and agency conflicts, aligning managerial and corporate objectives, which in turn enhances CSR performance. In Iran’s current economic climate—marked by sanctions and currency fluctuations—firms face elevated CSR-related risks. External transparency can serve as a critical tool in mitigating information asymmetry in financial markets, enabling firms to strengthen their market position through improved disclosure practices.
تبلیغات
