مطالب مرتبط با کلیدواژه

EFL Learners


۶۱.

A Checklist-Based Evaluative Study of English Textbook “Prospect 3” from Teachers’ and Students’ Perspectives(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)

نویسنده:
منبع: Iranian Journal of Applied Language Studies,Vol ۱۲, No. ۱, ۲۰۲۰ 1 - 34

کلیدواژه‌ها: Textbook Evaluation Prospect 3 EFL Teachers EFL Learners

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تعداد بازدید : ۶۸۹ تعداد دانلود : ۳۴۵
A key component of any educational program is the “textbook”, the efficiency of which greatly contributes to the accomplishment of the pedagogical goals of the program. The grave significance of the textbook necessitates its rigorous evaluation (Tomlinson, 2008). This study aimed to investigate EFL teachers’ and students’ perspectives on a recently developed Iranian EFL junior high school textbook entitled “Prospect 3”. The participants were 218 third-grade junior high school students and 103 EFL teachers conveniently selected from different junior high schools of Khuzestan, Golestan, Hamedan, and Qom provinces. The evaluation of the textbook was carried out quantitatively through a 5-point Likert scale questionnaire. The analyses revealed that EFL teachers were partially satisfied with Prospect 3; however, EFL students were rather neutral. For the teachers ,                                                                       “Vocabulary and Grammar” was the most meritorious aspect, while “ Language Type ” was the least acceptable dimension. From the students’ perspective, the most meritorious aspect of the text was “ Vocabulary and Grammar” ,  while “ Layout and Physical Appearance ” was viewed as the least satisfactory dimension. The findings of this work might be of interest to Iranian EFL teachers, syllabus designers, materials developers, and the stakeholders involved in the materials preparation Bureaus of the Iranian Ministry of General Education.  
۶۲.

Positive Assessment: Iranian Pre-Intermediate EFL Learners' Speaking Skill and their Self-Efficacy

نویسنده:
منبع: Research in English Education Volume ۵, Issue ۴ (۲۰۲۰) 113-125

کلیدواژه‌ها: EFL Learners positive assessment Self-Efficacy Speaking Skill

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تعداد بازدید : ۴۳۳ تعداد دانلود : ۲۶۰
The current study was conducted to discover the impact of the positive assessment on Iranian pre-intermediate EFL learners speaking skill and their self-efficacy. To accomplish the research, 40 Iranian females (17 to 8 years old) were selected from Shokooh Andishe Language Institute in Mashhad. A KET test which administered to determine the participants’ level of proficiency. Then, they were divided into two groups, one control group and one experimental group (each included 20 participants). Two instruments, including KET speaking test and a self-efficacy questionnaire, were administrated to both groups as pretests. The experimental group received the treatment based on the principles of positive assessment i.e. using phrases such as very good, excellent, giving small gifts, using thrilling labels and so forth. At the end of the study, the same instruments (as post-tests) were conducted to collect the required data for the analysis. To measure the statistical differences between the means of two groups, some independent samples T-tests were calculated. The results of the analyses indicated that the experimental group outperformed the control group both in the case of speaking skill and self-efficacy. The findings of this research might be useful for EFL teachers and EFL learners, also they can be helpful for training programmers, institutes, and course designers.
۶۳.

The Impact of Peer Feedback on EFL Learners’ Writing Performance and Writing Anxiety

نویسنده:
منبع: Research in English Education Volume ۶, Issue ۱ (۲۰۲۱) 1-15

کلیدواژه‌ها: Feedback Peer Feedback writing anxiety Writing Performance EFL Learners

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تعداد بازدید : ۵۳۷ تعداد دانلود : ۳۲۵
The present study aimed at investigating the effect of peer feedback (PF) on EFL learners’ writing performance and writing anxiety. To this end, two intact classes including 48 intermediate EFL learners were selected and assigned into two groups of experimental and control (24 learners in each). This study had a quasi-experimental design including pre-test, treatment, and post-test to assess the students’ overall writing performance before and after the PF sessions. For data collection, the researchers used pre-test, post-test, 7 writing topics, and Cheng’s (2004) Second Language Writing Anxiety Inventory (SLWAI). The results of paired sample t-test and Mann-Whitney U Test revealed that the experimental group outperformed the control group due to the implementation of PF. Moreover, the researchers conducted Cheng’s SLWAI questionnaire at the end of the study. The findings indicated that the anxiety level of the experimental group receiving PF decreased to a significant extent. The implications are discussed in terms of writing instructors’ use of PF into writing classes to make the environment safer and more comfortable for the language learners to flourish their ideas.
۶۴.

The Effect of Unit-of-Translation on Iranian Upper-Intermediate EFL Learners’ Achievement in Bizarre News Translation

نویسنده:
منبع: Research in English Education Volume ۶, Issue ۱ (۲۰۲۱) 77-93

کلیدواژه‌ها: Unit-of-Translation Bizarre news translation EFL Learners

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تعداد بازدید : ۳۳۷ تعداد دانلود : ۲۸۱
The current study was an attempt to investigate whether the Unit-of-Translation has any effect on Iranian upper-intermediate EFL learners’ achievement in Bizarre News translation. In addition, it investigated whether there was any difference across gender regarding the effect of Unit-of-Translation on Iranian upper-intermediate EFL learners’ achievement in Bizarre News translation. To this end, 45 out of 88 EFL learners from three upper-intermediate language learners at two Language Institutes in Boumehen, Iran were selected based on Oxford Placement Test. Then, they were divided randomly into three groups; one control group (N=15) and two experimental groups (N=30). The first experimental group was male. The second experimental was female, and the third group was administered as the control group. The experimental groups received the instruction for unit of translation. The instruction was given in five sequential sessions about 50 minutes. In contrast, the control group received no special instruction. At the end of the course, a post-test was administered. To analyze the data, one-way ANOVA and independent samples t-test were run. The findings revealed that the Unit-of-Translation had a positively significant effect on Iranian upper-intermediate EFL learners’ achievement in Bizarre News translation. The results also indicated that concerning the effect of Unit-of-Translation on Iranian male upper-intermediate EFL learners had a better achievement in Bizarre News translation compared to their counterparts in the female group.
۶۵.

Effects of Receiving Corrective Feedback through Online Chats and Class Discussions on Iranian EFL Learners' Writing Quality(مقاله پژوهشی دانشگاه آزاد)

نویسنده:
منبع: Iinternational Journal of Foreign Language Teaching & Research, Volume ۹, Issue ۳۴, Spring ۲۰۲۱ (۱) 203 - 212

کلیدواژه‌ها: EFL Learners corrective feedback Writing quality online chats class discussions

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تعداد بازدید : ۳۴۸ تعداد دانلود : ۲۳۹
Giving corrective feedback (CF) is an essential part of the teaching and learning process, and the way it should beneficially be done has been the focus of attention for numerous researchers especially when traditional ways of CF provision are not possible, particularly in rare situations such as outbreaks of diseases. This study investigated how different ways of giving feedback; namely, through online chats and class discussions can help language learners in benefitting from their instructors’ CF provision. To this purpose, the effects of two ways of feedback provision were tested on the participants writing quality. Three hundred and seventeen Iranian EFL learners took a TOEFL test, 132 of them (53 males and 79 females) scoring between 477 and 510 were asked to deliver a 200-word writing task. Then, they were randomly put into 4 experimental and control groups to undergo different treatments, i.e. receiving CF through online chats and class discussions for 10 one-hour sessions. After the treatment, they were required to deliver another 200-word piece of writing. The results of statistical data analysis showed that the writing quality of the participants receiving CF through online chats was significantly higher than that of those who received CF through class discussions. The findings of this research have practical implications for Iranian educational system to update its instructional methods and for the nature of teaching and learning processes and practices.
۶۶.

Male and Female EFL Learners’ Perception of Free Riding Tendency(مقاله پژوهشی دانشگاه آزاد)

نویسنده:
منبع: Iinternational Journal of Foreign Language Teaching & Research, Volume ۹, Issue ۳۶, Summer ۲۰۲۱ 63 - 75

کلیدواژه‌ها: attitude EFL Learners Free Riding tendency intermediate learners upper intermediate learners

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تعداد بازدید : ۴۴۸ تعداد دانلود : ۳۰۷
Free riding behavior or not contributing equally in group work, is a common obstacle in many cooperative activities in language learning. The present study aimed at comparing male and female EFL learners' attitude and their free riding tendency to use the benefits of lowering free riding behaviors in order to make group work more influential in language learning. To this purpose, 140 intermediate and upper intermediate Iranian EFL learners and 30 teachers participated in the study. Semi-structured interviews and questionnaires were used to investigate the topic. The obtained results revealed that the female learners act better in reducing free riding behaviors. The results further revealed a positive perception of interpersonal activities at both level of language proficiency-- intermediate and upper-intermediate. Actually, the obtained results showed that the intermediate group (males and females) acted more positively than the other group in this respect. The findings of the study bear some implications and suggestions for scholar interested in the topic of this.
۶۷.

Investigating the Process of Collaborative Reading among Young Iranian EFL Learners(مقاله پژوهشی دانشگاه آزاد)

نویسنده:
منبع: Iinternational Journal of Foreign Language Teaching & Research, Volume ۹, Issue ۳۶, Summer ۲۰۲۱ 127 - 133

کلیدواژه‌ها: Collaborative reading reading sessions EFL Learners word recognition

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تعداد بازدید : ۳۹۱ تعداد دانلود : ۳۳۴
This study aimed to investigate collaborative reading in reading sessions among young Iranian EFL learners. It actually was an attempt to examine the process and components of collaborative reading which are expected to improve young learners’ reading ability in the English language. To this purpose, a group of second year Iranian EFL young learners at a primary school in Tehran together with their teachers participated in the study. The young learners were around eight years old. The duration of the study was 12 weeks. Since the study was qualitative in nature, teachers’ reflective journals, a number of observations and face-to-face interviews with teachers were used as instruments to collect the needed data. The analysis of the qualitatively-elicited data presented a in so far as reading processes and reading comprehension enhancement through collaborative deeper understanding of the importance of the process and components of collaborative reading. In fact, the findings revealed that collaborative reading promote young EFL learners’ reading performance. Thus, the study has practical implications for both teachers and young EFL learners reading in terms of reading performance enhancement.
۶۸.

The Effectiveness of Social Media Network- Telegram on Teaching English Collocations to Iranian EFL Learners(مقاله پژوهشی دانشگاه آزاد)

نویسنده:
منبع: Curriculum Research, Volume ۱, Issue ۱, Summer ۲۰۲۰ 20 - 29

کلیدواژه‌ها: Collocation learning Telegram Application Social Networks EFL Learners

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تعداد بازدید : ۶۱۰ تعداد دانلود : ۳۱۷
Technology has a profound influence on schooling in the 21st century and educators are being challenged to incorporate technological innovation to assist students in their learning. Accordingly, the face of learning is changing in general and new technologies are offering students and teachers with tools and occasions unconceivable before. In this respect, this study aimed to investigate the impact of Telegram (as a mobile technology) on collocation learning and retention of Iranian EFL learners. Participants of this study included 120 EFL learns (in two experimental (N= 60) and control (N=60) groups) who received different treatments over the study. Analyzing the results showed that there was a significant difference between the performances of experimental and control groups, of course, in favor of experimental group who confirming the effect of Telegram on improving collocational knowledge. This study implies that using social media network- Telegram has various pedagogical benefits and it can be very promising in EFL instruction.
۶۹.

ZPD Theory and Scaffolding Teaching Strategy: Iranian EFL Learners' Views and Reading Achievement of Short Stories as a Way of Literature Incorporation within Learning Procedure(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)

نویسنده:
منبع: Critical Literary Studies, Vol ۳, No ۱, Autumn and Winter ۲۰۲۰-۲۰۲۱ 181 - 209

کلیدواژه‌ها: ZPD Theory Scaffolding Strategy EFL Learners Reading Achievement Short Story

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تعداد بازدید : ۴۵۸ تعداد دانلود : ۲۴۱
The present study, through considering Zone of Proximal Development (ZPD) theory and scaffolding strategy, investigates the use of scaffolding strategy in a language institute and explores the effectiveness of this method on EFL learners' reading achievement of short stories. The researchers adopted a quasi-experimental research design, and the sample of the study consisted of 60 EFL learners.  Including 30 students, the experimental group benefited an implementation of scaffolding strategy and related techniques. The control group (including 30 students) benefited from no implementation of scaffolding strategy and related techniques. An interactive communicative language method of teaching was used for the control group. Moreover, a related questionnaire was used to explore the EFL learners' attitude of the experimental group on the mentioned strategy.  The reading achievement was measured using a pre-test and a post-test for both the experimental and control groups. The obtained results were analyzed descriptively, the statistical manifestation of which is presented in figures. Items are elaborated separately through tables, and two independent sample t-tests were carried out for the revelation of the result.  The data were analyzed using t-test, eta square, and one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA). This study concluded that the employment of scaffolding teaching strategy had a significant impact on the improvement of Iranian EFL learners’ reading achievement of short stories and the students' attitude towards the mentioned strategy was completely positive. Also, the findings revealed that there was not a significant difference between the male and female students' performance.  
۷۰.

Participatory Approach from both Teachers and EFL Learners’ perspective(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)

نویسنده:
منبع: Iranian journal of educational sociology, Vol ۱, Number ۲ (۲۰۱۷) 157-175

کلیدواژه‌ها: Participatory approach EFL Learners EFL Teachers perspective

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تعداد بازدید : ۵۱۴ تعداد دانلود : ۲۹۹
Purpose: In participatory approach to second language teaching and learning, students actively engage in their own learning process and collaborate with others (Cobb, 1994; Greeno, 1998) to achieve their goals. Also, collaborative learning has been shown to encourage the growth of student interdependence (Bruffee, 1999), responsibility (Totten, Sills, Digby, & Russ, 1991), interpersonal skills (Rymes, 1997), and cognitive and critical thinking skills (Johnson & Johnson, 1986). Methodology: Adopting a sociocultural perspective, the present study has attempted to explore the attitude of teachers and learners toward the effectiveness of the method. In so doing, 60 Iranian EFL learners from two intact classes participated in the study, in which the learners from the two classes were randomly assigned to one control group and one experimental group. For fourteen sessions, the researcher in the control group class followed her regular teaching practice through the conventional book-based method of conducting an English class. In the experimental group class, however, the researcher adopted the participatory approach tasks and activities, in which she applied various participatory approach-based techniques, activities, role play, and problem solving activities, group work and collaborative tasks in the classroom instruction. Findings: Results of the comparison of the effects of the experimental participatory group and the control conventional group revealed that although the students in both groups improved their scores on the IELTS posttest, there was no statistically significant difference between the experimental group’s overall performance and that of the control group. Conclusion: Results of the interview with the students and teachers also revealed that both the students and the teachers had positive attitudes towards implementing the participatory approach and they were willing to use at least some of the tasks and activities in their future courses.
۷۲.

An Investigation into the Impact of Language Learning Strategy Instruction on the Less Successful Iranian EFL Learners’ L2 Achievement(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)

نویسنده:
منبع: جستارهای زبانی دوره دوزادهم مرداد و شهریور ۱۴۰۰ شماره ۳ (پیاپی ۶۳) ۱-۲۴

کلیدواژه‌ها: EFL Learners Language Learning Strategies language learning strategy instruction less successful learners L2 Achievement

حوزه‌های تخصصی:
تعداد بازدید : ۳۳۹ تعداد دانلود : ۲۳۱
The present study investigated the impact of language learning strategy instruction on the enhancement of less successful Iranian English as a Foreign Language (EFL) learners’ L2 achievement. To this end, 40 less successful EFL students took part in the study, 20 of whom were trained based on CALLA (Cognitive Academic Language Learning Approach) and the rest formed the control group. A complete TOEFL PBT test was administered to the 40 participants of the study to homogenize them in terms of language proficiency.The results of two independent samples t-tests and two separate paired samples t-tests indicated that explicit strategy instruction had a significant positive impact on L2 achievement of less successful Iranian EFL learners as the participants in the experimental group significantly outperformed their counterparts in the control group. The results of the current study might contribute to the educational policymakers, materials writers, syllabus designers, curriculum developers, and foreign language teachers to incorporate learning strategies in their policies, curricula, syllabi, materials, and instructional tasks if they intend to boost EFL learners’ L2 achievement.
۷۳.

The Effect of Unfocused versus Focused Metalinguistic Feedback on the Iranian EFL Learners’ Use of Dependent Clauses in Writing

نویسنده:
منبع: Research in English Education Volume ۶, Issue ۲(۲۰۲۱) 52-70

کلیدواژه‌ها: Dependent Clauses EFL Learners Focused Metalinguistic Feedback Unfocused metalinguistic feedback writing

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تعداد بازدید : ۲۷۳ تعداد دانلود : ۲۵۷
This study attempted to investigate the effect of using focused vs. unfocused metalinguistic feedback on Iranian EFL learners’ use of dependent clauses in writing. On the basis of an Oxford Quick Placement Test, 60 learners out of 90 intermediate female EFL learners with the age range of 17 to 27 from Melal language institute in Karaj were chosen to participate in the study. They were assigned to two experimental groups. The homogeneity of the two groups in terms of writing ability was determined by comparing their means in a writing pretest. The treatment was done through using focused feedback for the first experimental group and unfocused feedback in the second experimental group during 14 session. At the end of the treatment, a writing test was conducted as the posttest. The results of Paired Samples t-test showed that the participants in both experimental groups performed better in writing posttest. However, the results of one-way ANCOVA showed that there was no significant difference between the two groups’ means on the posttest scores of achievements in accurate use of dependent clauses between two groups. The results were discussed in relation to some implications and recommendations for further research.
۷۴.

Flipped Learning on Reading and Grammar Achievement at a Language Institute in Kerman-Iran (2021)(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)

نویسنده:
منبع: Critical Literary Studies, Vol ۴, No ۱, Autumn and Winter ۲۰۲۱-۲۰۲۲ 183 - 199

کلیدواژه‌ها: EFL Learners Flipped Instruction Grammatical Knowledge Reading Comprehension

حوزه‌های تخصصی:
تعداد بازدید : ۴۸۸ تعداد دانلود : ۳۰۲
This study seeks to explore the effectiveness of flipped instruction on the Iranian intermediate English as a Foreign Language (EFL) learners reading comprehension and grammar learning. As the participants of the study, 60 Iranian intermediate EFL learners from a language institute in Kerman, Iran, were recruited based on convenience sampling in the form of two intact classes. Then, to conduct randomization, the two classes were randomly assigned to two groups namely, flipping group and control group. Next, the two groups were exposed to 14 treatment sessions in which reading comprehension and grammar were taught to the flipping group through explicit flipped instruction and to the control group through non-flipped mainstream instruction used in the institute. Data collection tools employed in the study included the Quick Placement Test (QPT), Michigan test of grammar, Michigan test of reading, and SPSS 21 software. The results revealed the significant effectiveness of flipped instruction on the Iranian intermediate EFL learners' reading comprehension and grammar learning. Accordingly, it is suggested that EFL teachers use flipped instruction if they seek to enhance EFL learners' reading comprehension and grammatical knowledge.
۷۵.

The use of connectors in argumentative writing by EFL undergraduate students from the University of Burundi: A quantitative analysis

نویسنده:
منبع: Research in English Education Volume ۶, Issue ۳ (۲۰۲۱) 1-20

کلیدواژه‌ها: Connectors EFL Learners Preference misuse Argumentative writing

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تعداد بازدید : ۳۳۶ تعداد دانلود : ۲۳۱
Although there is a large body of literature on the use of connectors by EFL learners in argumentative writing, African language learner groups are not represented and most studies have adopted a cross-sectional approach. This paper seeks to analyze how frequently connectors are used on the basis of pseudo-longitudinal data from first, second, and third-year undergraduate students from the Institute for Applied Pedagogy, University of Burundi. The study adopted the corpus linguistic and quantitative approaches. The data were collected through 2 writing assignments given to students in 2019. In total, 622 essays, amounting to 306,664-word tokens, were collected. Data preparation followed three steps, namely, typing the handwritten essays, preparing the TXT files, and metadata for the corpus. The latter was searched using AntConc tool, on the basis of a comprehensive list of 95 connectors, classified into 6 categories. The tool availed frequency information, that is, how often each connector occurs in the corpus. Percentages were computed using XLS facility and are presented in tables and graphs. Results indicate that 19 connectors were frequently used by learners, the most frequent ones being those which add information followed by those expressing a result relationship. However, connectors expressing transition and summation were found to be rarely used in the corpus. Another discovery is that learners in all three years of study seem to have the same preferences in terms of connectors. Furthermore, cases of misuse such as wrong combinations and incorrect spelling, semantic, stylistic and syntactic errors were observed at all levels. The findings of this study can be useful to learners, teachers, and material designers.
۷۶.

EFL Teachers’ Behavior: Effects on Iranian Intermediate EFL Learners’ Willingness to Communicate in English

نویسنده:
منبع: Research in English Education Volume ۶, Issue ۳ (۲۰۲۱) 41-59

کلیدواژه‌ها: Teachers Behavior EFL Learners willingness to communicate (WTC)

حوزه‌های تخصصی:
تعداد بازدید : ۳۵۲ تعداد دانلود : ۱۹۷
This study examined the effects of EFL teachers' behavior on intermediate L2 learners’ WTC in English. To this end, a proficiency test was administered to 150 female learners, and 98 intermediate learners aged 16 to 26 were recruited as the participants. Subsequently, a WTC questionnaire was distributed among them to measure their level of WTC. Moreover, interviews were carried out with 30 volunteers who agreed to participate in this phase of the study. The results of the analysis of the WTC questionnaire showed that the WTC level of the learners could be rated as above-average. Besides, the results of the interviews revealed that different kinds of teachers’ behavior affected learners’ WTC both positively and negatively: teachers’ sense of humor and rapport could positively affect learners’ WTC; on the other hand, teachers’ methods of error correction while learners’ speaking and teachers’ lack of support could negatively affect learners’ WTC. Additionally, according to learners’ perspectives, there were a number of ways through which a language teacher could increase the learners’ WTC in English such as encouraging learners to read extra-curricular topics and highlighting learners’ strengths instead of their weaknesses. Several implications were proffered at the end of the study to heighten the awareness of L2 teachers, teacher-trainers, and language institute managers regarding the issue under investigation.
۷۷.

A Comparative Study on the Effects of Multiple-choice vs. Sentence-writing Modes of Test Practice Manipulation on Intermediate EFL Learners’ Collocation Learning

نویسنده:
منبع: Research in English Education Volume ۶, Issue ۳ (۲۰۲۱) 69-85

کلیدواژه‌ها: lexical collocation EFL Learners Multiple-choice Sentence-writing Test Practice

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تعداد بازدید : ۴۶۷ تعداد دانلود : ۱۹۸
Within the realm of lexis, the area of collocation is of prime importance to producing natural-sounding language for anyone learning a foreign language. This study aimed at investigating the effects of two modes of sentence writing versus multiple-choice test practice manipulation on Iranian intermediate EFL learners’ lexical collocation learning. For this purpose, to ensure the homogeneity of the participants, Preliminary English Test (PET) was administered to 87 students studying English at two English institutes of Ofoghhaye Nour and Nourmahdi in Roudsar, Guilan, through which 60 students were selected as the target participants. They were intermediate students with the age range between 17 and 23. They were then divided into two equal comparison groups: Sentence-writing Group (SRG) and Multiple-choice Group (MCG). A piloted pretest of lexical collocation was administered to both groups. Then both groups underwent a 7-session treatment. SRG was treated by the virtue of sentence-writing practice for the target collocations, and MCG was instructed through recognition practice, here multiple-choice practice. After the treatment period, the same version of lexical collocation test was administered to both groups as posttest to examine the effectiveness of the treatments. The results of paired-samples and independent samples t-tests indicated that both groups had collocation gains but the effectiveness of multiple-choice test manipulation on learners’ lexical collocation outweighed that of the sentence-writing mode of test practice manipulation. The implications and recommendations were also presented.
۷۸.

Integrative Systemic Therapy in Foreign Language Learning: A Practical Framework for Managing Foreign Language Listening Anxiety among Iranian EFL Learners

نویسنده:
منبع: Research in English Education Volume ۶, Issue ۴ (۲۰۲۱) 1-17

کلیدواژه‌ها: foreign language anxiety Foreign language listening anxiety (FLLA) Integrative Systemic Therapy (IST) Foreign language listening anxiety scale EFL Learners

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تعداد بازدید : ۲۹۱ تعداد دانلود : ۱۹۰
This study aimed at proposing a framework based on Integrative Systemic Therapy (IST) for addressing foreign language listening anxiety (FLLA) among Iranian learners of English as a Foreign Language (EFL). The effectiveness of the framework in reducing the levels of FLLA among language learners was investigated when implemented by a therapist as well as by learners independently. To this end, 30 intermediate EFL learners with high level of listening anxiety were selected as participants through convenience sampling. They were then randomly assigned into control group (n=10), therapist group (n=10), and self-therapy group (n=10). The therapist group met with an experienced therapist once a week for a month and self-therapy group was just instructed on how to use the framework independently during the same period. The control group received no treatment. The scale developed by Kim (2000) for measuring FLLA and an IELTS listening test were used to explore the effectiveness of the framework. The results of the study revealed that the proposed framework was effective in reducing the levels of FLLA both when implemented by the therapist and by EFL learners independently. The findings reflected the importance of personalization when selecting foreign language anxiety-reducing strategies to enhance the effectiveness of the foreign language anxiety management
۷۹.

Structural Equation Model of Teachers' Mindsets, Self-Efficacy, and Emotional Experiences and Iranian EFL Learners' Willingness to Communicate and L2 Motivational Self System(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)

نویسنده:
منبع: English Language Teaching and Learning. No. ۲۸, Fall & Winter ۲۰۲۱ 1 - 17

کلیدواژه‌ها: EFL Teachers Implicit Theories of Intelligence Self-Efficacy Emotional Experiences EFL Learners ؛ Willingness to Communicate L2 Motivational Self System

حوزه‌های تخصصی:
تعداد بازدید : ۳۱۳ تعداد دانلود : ۲۴۴
This study aimed at investigating the interrelationships between EFL teachers' mindsets, self-efficacy, and emotional experiences and Iranian EFL learners' willingness to communicate (WTC) and L2 motivational self system (L2MSS). The participants of this study were 100 Iranian teachers and 501 students of the same EFL teachers, both male and female randomly selected from high schools. To fulfill the purpose of the study, teachers were asked to complete four questionnaires to measure their implicit theories of intelligence, efficacy, and emotional experiences including their burnout symptoms. Learners were required to complete two questionnaires to measure their willingness to communicate and L2 motivational self system. The results of Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) revealed a significant structural relationship among all variables. Results also indicated that motivation was the strongest direct predictor of willingness to communicate. WTC was also indirectly correlated with teachers' implicit theories, efficacy, and emotional experiences through the mediating effect of L2MSS.
۸۰.

The Joint Effects of Teacher-led and Collaborative Planning conditions and Task Complexity on L2 Oral Production(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)

نویسنده:
منبع: English Language Teaching and Learning. No. ۲۸, Fall & Winter ۲۰۲۱ 217 - 242

کلیدواژه‌ها: task complexity Strategic Planning oral production Accuracy fluency Complexity EFL Learners

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تعداد بازدید : ۴۲۳ تعداد دانلود : ۲۶۹
This quantitative study aimed to investigate the combined effects of two types of strategic planning, namely collaborative and teacher-led planning conditions and task complexity on Iranian intermediate language learners' oral production in terms of complexity, accuracy, and fluency. To achieve this purpose, 90 EFL learners were selected through convenience sampling from a language institute in Shiraz, Iran, and randomly assigned to two control and four experimental groups. The study adopted a quasi-experimental design in the form of pretest, treatment, and posttest. In the first step, all participants took part in a speaking pretest in which they were required to narrate a story based on a series of picture description tasks. While the experimental groups underwent 10 treatment sessions of picture description task performance along with two planning types i.e., teacher-led and collaborative planning conditions, the control groups were not allowed to plan the task performance. In the last session, the language learners took a posttest whose results were compared with those of the pretest. The findings revealed that the language learners in the collaborative planning groups outperformed the other groups in terms of both fluency and complexity. Further, teacher-led groups did better than the other groups in terms of accuracy. This study carries crucial implications for EFL teachers, material developers, syllabus designers, and speaking skill examiners.