Recreation

This descriptive research was conducted using the systematic review method to investigate the position of digital leisure in Iran. The statistical population of this study consisted of all the theses, dissertations, and articles published in Iran. After searching, screening, and the qualitative evaluation of the research studies, 283 research were selected for the study. A researcher-developed data collection form was used to review the studies. The results indicate that the process of the production and publication of research studies in the area of digital leisure goes back to 2001, and it has been in progress since then. 84% of these research studies were conducted in the 2010s. The geographical distribution of these studies includes 25 provinces across Iran. 66% were journal articles and the remaining 34% were in the form of theses. 77% of the research studies adopted the quantitative approach, while 23% were qualitative and mixed-method studies. The analysis and the interpretation of the findings showed that a large body of theoretical literature and the main concepts used in the research emphasizes the interdisciplinary nature of digital leisure and its special application in sports, education, culture, social sciences, economy, entertainment, and psychology. As a result, all three groups of managers, producers, and researchers must approach this area more than ever before from an applied perspective for the proper utilization of the cultural, economic, educational, and athletic aspects of digital leisure.

Recreation (creativity) is undoubtedly one of the important designing bases and a durable, matchless and unique factor which determines distinction, excellence, and elegance of a building in comparison with other buildings; and architecture as one of the manifestations of human life in a special time and place can be a reflection of thoughts, ideas and living method and also represent identity in shape of thought and creativity which is known as creator of architecture work from viewpoint of architecture. Firstly reflection of architect’s character in architecture work, then cultural concept of the work and its belonging to a specific social and ideological movement and besides talent and creativity of the artist, the cultural and artistic movements affect drastically on the result of architect’s act who is creator of the art work in form of an architecture event. Therefore it can be mentioned that variables of the present research are nominal and qualitative; the dependent variables are also of the same type. The effects of economic, political, social and cultural movements can also be mentioned which are expressed in form of concepts such as tangible and intangible strategies. The present paper attempted to analyze metaphors used in the major building of Behsharh Industrial Group, which is an objective evidence of Nader Ardalan’s work. The analysis was done in a historical-interpretation method and in qualitative form.

La grande richesse de l’imagination de ‘Attār et sa vision profondément mystique sur le monde, rend assez difficile la traduction de son œuvre  Mantiq at-Tayr . Selon nous, dans le genre de la traduction des œuvres mystiques, l’essentiel est la transmission adéquate de « l’image-sens» de l’original dans la version traduite, pour que le lecteur de L2 (français) reçoive le même effet que le lecteur de L1 (persan). Pour ce faire, il faut bien connaître le monde imaginaire du poète et vivre avec lui l’esprit et la vision de son monde. Par la catégorisation traductologique d’Efim Etkind, présentée dans son ouvrage  Un art en crise , nous avons révisé une traduction française de la poésie de ‘Attār pour aborder encore la question de la nécessité d’une «traduction-recréation» ou d’une «traduction-interprétation», lorsqu’il s’agit d’un domaine poético-mystique. La traduction versifiée et la manière traductive de Leili Anvar, traductrice de cette œuvre, nous paraît à revaloriser.