بررسی تطبیقی حماسی ترانه رلان و یادگار زریران
آرشیو
چکیده
ادبیات حماسی یکی از بهترین ژانرهای ادبی برای شناخت فرهنگ و ارزش های ملت ها است. حماسه همواره بازتابی از ارزش های وطنی و اخلاقی بوده است. یکی از قدیمی ترین حماسه ها در ادب فارسی، یادگار زریران است و در فرانسه نیز ترانه رلان از آثار ادبی مشهور می باشد که این دو اثر از نظر محتوا شباهت های بسیاری به هم دارند. ما در این پژوهش دو اثر ترانه رلان و یادگار زریران را با توجه به ویژگی های بلاغی قابل توجه مورد بررسی قرار دادیم و در ابتدا به این نکته پرداختیم که هر دو اثر، به دنبال ارزش های مشترک میان تمام اقوام و ملل هستند و قهرمانان خود را در پی هدفی که دارند فدا می کنند. از نظر بلاغی؛ یادگار زریران از غنای ادبی و بلاغی بیشتری نسبت به ترانه رلان برخوردار است. این اثر از نظر دستور زبان فارسی و کلمات و عباراتی که در آن آمده است، کهن گرایی دارد و از زبان نوشتار امروزی دور افتاده است. در ترانه رلان که ترجمه ای به زبان فارسی امروز است تلاش شده است که کهن گرایی صورت بگیرد؛ اما با این وجود از دستور زبان و بلاغت معتدل و امروزی خارج نشده است. در هر دو اثر تقدیرگرایی و اعتقاد به دین و دعا بسامد بسیار بالایی دارد.A Comparative Study of the Epic Taraneh Rolan and Yadegar Zariran
Introduction Taraneh Rolan and Yadegar Zariran are two epic works from distinct cultural traditions. These symbolic narratives, rooted in their respective historical and cultural contexts, recount tales of bravery, sacrifice, and heroism. They share commonalities through their epic literary genre and universal themes.
Given the limited comparative research on these epics, this study examines their lexical and grammatical-rhetorical features to identify differences and similarities. The research questions are:
What core concepts dominate the vocabulary of each epic?
What rhetorical features characterize both works?
What conclusions emerge from their rhetorical comparison?
Research Objectives :
Identify high-frequency concepts central to each narrative.
Categorize lexical items expressing religious/ideological beliefs.
Compare rhetorical features to determine stylistic distinctions.
Research Method The methodology involves summarizing both narratives. Analyzing lexical frequency of core concepts (loyalty, patriotism, moral values). In the first part, we have discussed the themes and content of the work, which include words used for a concept and with high frequency, and in the second part, we have examined the work from a grammatical and rhetorical perspective.
Discussion We have identified and determined the words and concepts used in both works in line with their concepts. Concepts such as fatalism, magic, and prophecy, and from a grammatical and rhetorical point of view, exaggeration, description, recognition, and archaism of words can be mentioned.
Conclusion
In this study, two epic works, Taraneh Rolan and Yadegar Zariran, which have many conceptual similarities and come from two different cultures, were examined and researched. The following results were obtained in this study:
Despite their cultural and national differences, these two stories adhere to their honor and religious values in terms of universal concepts such as love for one's homeland and its protection.
In Taraneh Rolan, there are many words and concepts that emphasize the mission of Rolan and his people; the concepts that have the highest frequency include words that deal with the issue and spiritual state and even the ritual of the warriors. The second most frequent concept is religious concepts, which are manifestations of belief in the supernatural.
In the fourth part of the article, we examined the grammatical and rhetorical aspects of these works in terms of exaggeration, allusions, ironic expressions, prioritizing the verb over the subject and object, etc. In a rhetorical comparison between these two works, we came to the conclusion that Yadgar Zariran is more rhetorically rich.
Due to its unwritten (oral) origin, Tarane Relan has less literary richness. It is also translated from French, which has reduced its literary beauty.
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