الأساليب الطلبية ودلالاتها في ديوان بلبل الغرام الكاشف عن لثام الانسجام للحاجري (مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)
درجه علمی: نشریه علمی (وزارت علوم)
آرشیو
چکیده
یوظّف الشعراء عادهً الأسالیب الطلبیه فی أشعارهم، للتعبیر عما یساور نفوسهم من مشاعر وأحاسیس؛ وذلک أنّ الطلب یعطی ارتفاعاً فی إیقاع النص، لیجلی عن انفعالات الشاعر، ویوصل خلجات نفسه إلى المتلقی؛ وبذلک، فإنّ لتوظیف الأسالیب الطلبیه فی شعر کل شاعر دلالاتِه. وقد نهض علم المعانی بمهمه دراسه دلالات هذه الأسالیب، وتبیین الوظائف المجازیه التی تؤدّیها، ودراسه المعانی الخفیه وراء الألفاظ المذکوره. وإنّ الجمله الإنشائیه هی إحدى الأسالیب الأکثر توظیفاً فی الکلام العربی، بحیث شکّلت أسلوباً کلامیّاً. وینقسم هذا الأسلوب إلى قسمین: الأسلوب الطلبی، والأسلوب غیر الطلبی. تهتمّ هذه الدراسه بمعالجه الأسالیب الطلبیه من أمر، ونهی، واستفهام، ونداء، وتمنٍ، متخیّراً دیوان بلبل الغرام الکاشف عن لثام الانسجام لحسام الدین عیسى بن سنجر بن بهرام المعروف بالحاجری (ت ۶۳۲ﻫ)، أنموذجاً تطبیقیاً للدراسه، لما فیه من أسالیب جمیله تکشف عن قدره الشاعر الإبداعیه، ومهارته فی تصویر الأسالیب الطلبیه الإبداعیه. تهدف هذه الدراسه إلى دراسه الأسالیب الطلبیه فی شعره وتحلیلها، للوقوف على مدى شاعریته، وقدرته التعبیریه التی هیأت له مجالاً واسعاً یؤدّی أفکاره، ویوصل مشاعره للمحبوبه أولاً، ولمخاطبه ثانیاً. وإنّ أهمیّه هذا البحث تتأتّى من أهمیه الدراسات الدلالیه ودورها فی الکشف عن مقدره الشاعر اللغویه فی إیصال المعنى والتعبیر عما یجول فی النفس، وکذلک مقدرته على إثاره انفعال المتلقی. ونستطیع أن نقول إنّ أهمیه البحث تبدو واضحه من خلال تطبیق الدراسه على شعر الحاجری، ولفت الانتباه إلى جمالیه شعره وجده الخوض فی دراسه شعره من هذا الجانب، کما أُجری البحث بالاستناد إلى المنهج الوصفی التحلیلی الذی یعتمد أدوات مختلفه، هی ملاحظه الأسالیب الطلبیه فی الدیوان، واستقراؤها، وجمعها، وتصنیفها حسب نوعها ثمّ تحلیلها. لقد اتبع الباحث الدلالات التی وظفها الشاعر فی خطابه اللغوی، حتى یوصل رسالته الجمالیه إلى المتلقّی، وتبیّن له أنّ الأسلوب الطلبی استُعمِلَ بکثره، وجاءت الجمله الندائیه فی المرتبه الأولى، ثم تلیها الجمله الفعلیه التی فعلها أمر، ومن ثم الجمله الاستفهامیه، وفی المرتبتین الأخیرتین، جاءت جمله النهی والتمنی.Request Methods and Their Meanings in the Poetry Collection Bulbul Al-Gharam Al-Kashef 'A Letham Al-Ensejam by Al-Hajri
The request style is one of the styles that has received the attention of critics and scholars due to its grammatical, syntactic, and semantic connotations and dimensions. Using the request style gives the speech an emotional tone that contributes to conveying the poet’s state to the recipient of his poetry. We find that the request styles are among the most important and diverse styles in Arabic grammar studies. They have received great attention from critics and scholars, and they have taken it upon themselves to study the semantic meanings that these styles provide, such as command, prohibition, and calling. The poet Al-Hajri employed these methods in his poetry, and his employment of them came in different positions and to achieve various and specific rhetorical purposes. These methods contributed to identifying the poet’s point of view and his thoughts and contributed to arousing emotion in the recipient and involving him in the process of feeling and creativity.This is what we will try to study in the collection of poems Bulbul Al-Gharam Al-Kashef 'A Letham Al-Ensejam by the poet Hussam Al-Din Issa bin Sanjar bin Bahram, known as Al-Hajri, who is a poet whose date of birth is not mentioned in the sources, but they mentioned that he died in the year 632 AH. The study aimed to identify the methods of request in Al-Hajri’s Diwan, as the issue of the significance of the structures and the clarification of their meanings is one of the important issues in linguistics. Structure is a branch of semantics, and is linked to grammar. This study aimed and focused on clarifying the extent of Al-Hajri’s eloquence and his ability to construct the poetic text based on a methodological principle that requires the necessity of integrating the science of meanings into grammatical studies. This research attempted to apply this vision to Al-Hajri’s Diwan by using the statistical method in the study to reveal the significance of the methods of command, prohibition, supplication, wishing, and questioning.Poets usually employ imperative methods in their poems to express the emotions and feelings that occupy their minds. The use of commands adds a rhythm to the text, revealing the poet’s emotions and conveying them to the listener or reader, eliciting their innermost feelings. Thus, employing imperative methods in a poet’s work carries significant meanings. The field of semantics, a branch of rhetorical studies, has emerged to study the meanings of these methods, uncovering the metaphorical functions they perform. It investigates the hidden meanings behind the mentioned expressions. The use of constructional sentences is one of the most widely employed methods in Arabic discourse, forming a linguistic style divided into two categories: the imperative style and the non-imperative style. This study focuses on analyzing imperative methods such as commands, prohibitions, questions, appeals, and wishes, using the diwan (collection of poems) titled Bulbul Al-Gharam Al-Kashef 'A Latham Al-EnsEjam by Al-Hajari as a practical model. This analysis aims to assess the poet's creativity and his skill in portraying creative imperative methods. The significance of this research lies in the importance of semantic studies and their role in revealing the poet's linguistic ability to convey meaning and express what is going on in the soul. Additionally, it highlights the poet's ability to evoke the emotions of the audience. The application of this study to Al-Hajari's poetry in the diwan Bulbul Al-Gharam Al-Kashef 'A Letham Al-Ensejam shows the beauty of his poetry, emphasizing the exploration of his poetry from this perspective.The research is conducted using a descriptive-analytical approach by finding imperative methods in the Diwan, collecting and classifying them by type, and then analyzing them. The researcher traces the meanings employed by Al-Hajari in his linguistic discourse to convey his aesthetic message to the audience. It was revealed that the patterns of Hajri’s poetic styles were different. for example, he used all types of commands, most interrogative tools, and forms of wish. This variation led to a variation in expression, produced different meanings, and directed the meaning to where the poet wanted. Most of the meanings and secondary purposes found in the poet's collection are supplication, desire, begging, amazement, and direction.
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