التعديلات المعجمية في ترجمة كتاب ادبيات فارسي از عصر جامي تا روزگار ما على أساس نظرية كاتفورد، الترجمة العربية لبسام ربابعة نموذجا (مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)
درجه علمی: نشریه علمی (وزارت علوم)
آرشیو
چکیده
شهدت الترجمه منذ بدایه التنظیر، اتجاهات مختلفه، تجلت من خلالها آراء المنظرین علی اختلاف المشارب والمدارس التی ینتمون إلیها. ولا یخفى على أحد أنه کان هناک جدال طویل حول الجوده، والصدق، والأمانه، والخیانه فی الترجمه، منذ القدم إلى غایه الخمسینیات، حیث تدرس الترجمه، کفرع من فروع علم اللغه. فلا یمکن إنکار أهمیه هذا العلم وفضله فی تطور دراسات الترجمه ونظریاتها. ومن الذین أسهموا فی تطور النظریات اللغویه للترجمه هو کاتفورد الذی رکز على إیجاد التکافؤ فی الترجمه بین اللغه المصدر واللغه الهدف، من خلال القیام ببعض التعدیلات فی الترجمه. فیحاول البحث هذا من خلال استخدام المنهج الوصفی التحلیلی، دراسه التعدیلات المعجمیه فی ترجمه بسام ربابعه العربیه لکتاب محمد رضا شفیعی کدکنی الموسوم بادبیات فارسی از عصر جامی تا روزگار ما، علی أساس نظریه کاتفورد. ومن أهم النتائج التی توصل إلیها المقال هی أن المترجم أجرى تعدیلات کثیره فی ترجمه المفردات، والترکیبات، والأمثال، واستخدم مرادفات قریبه من لغه القارئ العربی وثقافته عند مواجهه البنی المختلفه فی اللغتین الانطلاق والوصول. ولقد جاءت معظم هذه التغییرات لنقل المعنى الصحیح الذی قصده المؤلف الأصلی، الأمر الذی یدل علی استیعاب المترجم ومعرفته الجیده باللغه والثقافه الفارسیه، وفهمه بالفروق الدقیقه بین اللغتین. ومع ذلک، فی بعض الحالات، أنه لم یکن ناجحا فی العثور علی تکافؤ الکلمات والترکیبات والتعابیر، وفشلت تغییراته التی أجراها فی الترجمه، وأوصلت للقارئ العربی معنى لم یقصده المؤلف الفارسی، کما أن معظم أخطائه حدثت فی ترجمه الأشعار الفارسیه علی وجه الخصوص، وهذا من نتاج قرائته وفهمه الخاطئ لتحلیل بعض المفردات والترکیب.Lexical Changes in the Translation of the Book Persian Literature from the Age of Jami to Our Time Based on Catford's Theory (Case Study: Arabic Translation by Bassam Robaba'a)
Translation has witnessed different tendencies since the beginning of theorizing, and through these tendencies, theorists have presented their theories in the field of translation, despite being affiliated with different schools. From ancient times until the 1950s, when translation was examined and studied as a branch of linguistics, there was a serious disagreement about the quality, honesty, and betrayal in translation. The importance of linguistics, its capability in the development of translation studies, and its theories are undeniable. Among those who contributed to the development of linguistic theories of translation is Catford, who focused on finding equivalence in translation between the source language and the target language by making some modifications in the translation. This research attempts, through the use of a descriptive-analytical approach, to study the lexical modifications in Bassam Rababa’a’s Arabic translation of Shafi’i Kadkani’s book entitled “Persian Literature from the Jami Period to the Present” based on Catford’s theory.In the field of Islamic civilization, Persian is a very important language, but there are people who cannot speak it and are therefore unable to understand texts written in Persian. From this perspective, translation can be an effective and important tool in establishing communication between those who live in the realm of Islamic civilization. Furthermore, translation plays an important role in today's world and human societies by converting a text from one language to another.The debate about the work and method of translation has been going on since the time of Cicero and continues to this day. There are those who say that the study of translation is closely related to language. As Catford confirms, any theory of translation must depend on a linguistic theory. Catford focused on creating equivalence in translation between the original and target languages by creating lexical and grammatical changes. According to this theory, the translator must know the words, phrases, and structures of the source language. As a result of the translator’s decisions, the translated text undergoes numerous changes at the lexical level – that is, words, combinations, and terms – and the grammatical level. Since translated texts are the materials that researchers rely on for analysis, interpretation, and conclusion, the author of the study aims to examine the lexical changes in the Arabic translation of the book Persian Literature from the Jami Period to Our Age. This book was translated into Arabic by the Jordanian translator Bassam Ruba’a. The importance of this research lies in the application of one of the modern theories in translation studies.One of the most important findings of the study is that the translator made many changes in translating words, phrases, and proverbs and used synonyms close to the language and culture of the Arab reader in dealing with the different structures of the two languages. Most of these changes have been to convey the intended meaning of the author of the text, which shows that the translator was well aware of the Persian language and culture and had reached a correct understanding of the subtle differences between the two languages. However, in some cases, he has not been successful in finding equivalents of words, phrases, and idioms, and as a result, he has conveyed a meaning to the Arabic-speaking reader that was not intended by the author of the original text. In addition, most of the translator's mistakes occurred in the translation of Persian poems, which was largely the result of his incorrect reading in analyzing some words, phrases, and idioms.
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