Water, a critical resource for human survival, holds profound theological significance in Islam and Christianity, symbolizing purification, divine grace, and communal responsibility. This comparative study examines the teachings of the Qur’an, Hadith (including Shiite traditions), and the Bible on water, analyzing their implications for conservation and sustainable management across theological, historical,and contemporary dimensions. Through textual analysis, historical review, and case studies from water-scarce regions like the Middle East and Sub-Saharan Africa, the study highlights shared values of stewardship and equity, alongside divergent legal and sacramental approaches. Drawing on peer-reviewed literature and Shiite sources, it explores how these faiths inform modern water conservation strategies, addressing global scarcity challenges. The findings emphasize the potential of faith-based frameworks to complement Sustainable Development Goal, offering actionable insights for policymakers, religious leaders, and communities.
