آینده دین در چشم انداز تراانسانی (مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)
درجه علمی: نشریه علمی (وزارت علوم)
آرشیو
چکیده
جنبش تراانسان گرایی از مهم ترین جریان های تأثیرگذار قرن بیست ویکم در توسعه فناوری های نوین محسوب می شود. در ابتدای شکل گیری جنبش تراانسان گرایی دین و مسائل دینی چندان مورد توجه این گروه نبود. به مرور زمان و تحت تأثیر چالش های علمی و اجتماعی مرتبط با دین و معنویت، تغییرات نسبی در نگرش این جنبش نسبت به دین ایجاد شد، به گونه ای که آثار علمی منتشر شده در این موضوع در دو دهه گذشته با رشد بسیاری همراه بوده است. هدف از پژوهش حاضر بررسی نگرش تراانسان گرایان نسبت به دین و ارائه چشم اندازی از وضعیت آن در آینده تراانسانی می باشد، به این امید که زمینه مناسبی برای نقش آفرینی بین المللی اندیشمندان مسلمان ایرانی در این زمینه فراهم آید. یافته های پژوهش نشان می دهد که نگاه تراانسان گرایان به دین و معنویت، همچون سایر حوزه ها نگاهی فناورانه است.آنها درصدد ادغام عناصر دینی با فناوری های نوین شناختی و پزشکی _زیستی و... هستند، و بدین نحو دین و معنویت را در چارچوبی فناورانه و برمبنای الگوریتم و داده بازتعریف می کنند. نتایج پژوهش حاکی از آن است که با وجود چالش ها و تضادهای اساسی میان تراانسان گرایی و ادیان ابراهیمی، ایجاد بسترهای تعاملی برای گفتگو و هم افزایی میان این دو حوزه، نه تنها ممکن بلکه بسیار مهم و ضروری می باشد.The Future of Religion in the Perspective of Transhumanism
This article embarks on a rigorous exploration of the interplay between transhumanism and the enduring traditions of Christianity, scrutinizing their confluence from both historical and theological vantage points. Functioning as an introduction to a broader examination—specifically, the dialogue between Islamic theology and transhumanist ideology—this study presents a dualistic analysis of Christian responses to transhumanism. On one hand, there exists a faction of anti-transhumanist Christians who perceive transhumanism as a manifestation of atheistic philosophy and a fundamental deviation from sacred doctrines. On the other hand, transhumanist Christians advocate for the incorporation of advanced scientific and technological innovations as viable instruments through which divine promises might be actualized. In its final analysis, the article offers a reflective and forward-looking discourse on the future trajectory of religion and spirituality within the emergent transhumanist paradigm. It further introduces the compelling concepts of cyborg identity and cybernetic technospirituality, inviting readers to reconsider the boundaries between the transcendent and the technological. Keywords: transhumanism, Technology, technoscience, future, The future of religion and spirituality Introduction In an era defined by rapid breakthroughs in technoscience, the transhumanist movement emerges as a bold and transformative quest to transcend the inherent limitations of human matter and mind. This movement, propelled by the ambition to enhance and refine both physical and cognitive capacities, seeks not merely an incremental progress but a liberation from the mortal contours of our species. One of the overlooked aspects of the early transhumanist movement was its relationship with religion and spirituality. In its initial stages, transhumanism was predominantly shaped by atheistic perspectives, with many proponents treating religion as a private matter, unrelated to scientific and technological advancement. However, in recent decades, new developments in cognitive science have prompted a shift in perspective among some transhumanist thinkers, giving rise to a more nuanced consideration of the potential roles of religion and spirituality in the broader context of human evolution.This study endeavors to illuminate the reshaping of religious paradigms within the transhumanist discourse, drawing upon a rich array of historical records and international scholarly analyses. Materials &Methods This study employs a qualitative meta-analysis approach. Using a qualitative content approach, a purposively selected set of articles was reviewed in depth. Key concepts and recurring themes were systematically extracted from the literature. Ultimately, the analysis of the identified concepts and themes was aimed at developing a deeper and more comprehensive understanding of the research topic. Discussion & Result Transhumanism stands as a visionary movement that seeks to liberate humanity from its innate biological constraints by leveraging the latest breakthroughs in technoscience. In its early chapter, most proponents—shaped by agnostic or atheistic perspectives—largely overlooked the religious dimensions of this paradigm. However, as the movement has matured, an engagement with faith and spirituality has become inescapable for three fundamental reasons. First, contemporary scientific studies have increasingly underscored the profound effects that religious and spiritual practices exert on both physical and mental well-being—a revelation that challenges transhumanism’s commitment to holistic human flourishing. Second, as transhumanism ventured into the public sphere, it encountered significant religious critiques that necessitated a thoughtful and measured response to preserve its social legitimacy. Third, the emergence of religious groups endorsing transhumanist ideals has opened new channels for garnering social support, thereby enriching the
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