بررسی عوامل تأثیر گذار در باز آفرینی بافت تاریخی با رویکرد توسعه گردشگری شهری(مطالعه موردی: بافت تاریخی خرم آباد ) (مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)
درجه علمی: نشریه علمی (وزارت علوم)
آرشیو
چکیده
بافت تاریخی شهر ها امروزه با معضلات بسیاری روبه روست و بی توجهی به این محدوده های شهری باعث می شود سایر نقاط شهری تحت تأثیر این معضلات قرار بگیرد. بافت تاریخی شهر خرم آباد با وجود ثروت های فرهنگی فراوان با ناکارآمدی در ابعاد مختلف همراه است و پیامد های زیان باری به وجود می آورد. مهم ترین رویکرد برای باززنده سازی آن، باز آفرینی شهری است. در باز آفرینی شهری توسعه و تجدید ابعاد اقتصادی، اجتماعی، فرهنگی و کارکردی شهر به عنوان نقشی مهم و تفکیک ناپذیر از جریان توسعه شهری مورد بحث قرار می گیرد. یکی از روش های پیاده سازی بازآفرینی شهری، برنامه ریزی گردشگری بافت های قدیم شهری است. پژوهش حاضر با هدف ارائه عوامل تأثیر گذار در بازآفرینی بافت تاریخی با رویکرد توسعه پایدار گردشگری جمع آوری شده است. پژوهش از نظر هدف کاربردی، از نظر ماهیت تبیینی و از نظر روش کیفی-کمی است. با توجه به ماهیت موضوع و مسأله پژوهش، جامعه ی آماری را 80 نفر از کارشناسان سازمان های مدیریتی و شهرداری خرم آباد و اساتید دانشکده های شهرسازی تشکیل می دهند. روش نمونه گیری مورد استفاده در پژوهش حاضر احتمالی و از نوع طبقه ای بوده است. اطلاعات این تحقیق از طریق روش اسنادی-کتابخانه ای جمع آوری شده است. ابزار جمع آوری اطلاعات پرسش نامه از نوع سؤالات بسته بوده است.جهت تحلیل داده ها از مدل تاپسیس استفاده شده است. دغدغه پژوهش تحلیل معیار ها و شاخص ها و عوامل تأثیر گذار بر باز آفرینی بافت تاریخی خرم آباد مبتنی بر رویکرد توسعه پایدار گردشگری است. بر اساس نتایج یافته ها می توان گفت شاخص باز آفرینی، با کسب امتیاز 967/0 توانسته است در صدر معیار های مورد بررسی قرار بگیرد. در همین راستا شاخص گردشگری، با کسب امتیاز 914/0 توانست جایگاه دوم را در بین شاخص ها به خود اختصاص دهد. و شاخصی که جایگاه سوم را به خود اختصاص داد بر توسعه پایدار تأکید دارد. و در نهایت اینکه شاخص هایی چون تاریخی، فرهنگی، کالبدی، اجتماعی و غیره به ترتیب در رتبه های پایین تری قرار دارند.Investigating the influencing factors in recreating the historical context with the approach of urban tourism development (Case study: historical context of Khorramabad)
Introduction The historical fabric of cities is facing many problems today, and neglecting these urban areas causes other parts of the city to be affected by these problems. The historical context of Khorramabad city with many cultural treasures such as Falak-ul-Aflak Castle, Imamzadeh Zayd ibn Ali (AS), stone whirlpool, Darb Tahir tomb, old bath and other old buildings, the presence of several rows of bazaars and despite the centrality in the city, it is facing double wear and tear. is Thus, scientific, efficient, integrated and stable treatment and processing of such a problem is absolutely necessary. The existence of tangible and intangible heritage and their influence can be seen in some areas of the city. But what is evident in the design of Khorramabad city is the lack of benefit of the city planners and officials from the cultural wealth and their application in the physical structure of the city. The uneven growth of the Khorramabad city, the increase in the urban population in recent years, as well as the wear and tear of its historical fabric, which has made a large part of it unusable for the people of the city, has caused the linear expansion of the city and the dispersion of urban settlements in its peripheral parts. On the other hand, the lack of attention to the historical context of Khorramabad, which is located in the center of the city, has caused physical wear and tear and its non-functionality, which threatens this context with issues such as destruction. On the other hand, the lack of space to create residential, infrastructure and service plans in the center of Khorramabad city, which overlaps with its historical context, often causes conflict in the decisions and management plans of related bodies and since the said context are considered unusable, decisions are made to destroy parts of this fabric. An approach can create stability for the city, which can advance the renovation not only in physical dimensions, but also lead to sustainable economic, social and cultural-identity function of the fabric. In general, it can be said that the theoretical framework of the research is a combination of the approach of recreating historical contexts and development of urban tourism. Methodology The research is applied in terms of purpose, explanatory in nature and qualitative-quantitative in terms of method. According to the nature of the subject and problem of the research, the statistical population consists of 80 experts, experts and relevant officials of the urban management centers and the municipality of Khorramabad and the professors of the faculties of urban planning, the data collection tool was a questionnaire of closed questions. The tool for data analysis and information research and analysis of the existing situation of Khorramabad historical recreation with the approach of development urban tourism is the TOPSIS multi-criteria decision making model. Results The regeneration index, with a score of 967/0, was able to be at the top of the examined criteria and occupy the first place. In this regard, the tourism index, with a score of 914/0, was able to occupy the second place among the indicators. The index that assigned the third place to itself emphasizes on sustainable development, and finally, indicators such as historical, cultural, physical, social, etc. are in lower ranks respectively. Discussion In this stage, 14 indicators of "reconstruction, improvement, integration, deterioration, managerial, physical, environmental, cultural, historical, regeneration, tourism, sustainable development, economic, social" and 20 criteria of "historical monuments, tourist attraction, management of worn-out fabric, deterioration" Buildings, inaccessibility, residential per capita, inclusiveness, public transportation, visual quality and environmental design, diversity of activities, land value, financial ability of citizens, accessibility, cultural conflict, recreational and sports use per capita, social anomalies, introduction of attractions historical, the possibility of improving infrastructures, promoting the vitality of urban life and vitality, lack of coordination and management institutions for the recreation of historical and tourism contexts - failure to implement the necessary measures in the direction of the recreation of historical and cultural contexts" extracted from the theoretical framework of the research and descriptive findings after obtaining points They were calculated by the respondents through TOPSIS model. Conclusion According to the results, it was found that regeneration, along with the revival of the function of the old fabric and sustainable development, can cause the sustainable development of urban tourism in different ways. regeneration in a continuous and coherent process; It sees economic, social, cultural, demographic and physical, environmental, managerial and historical issues together and together and tries to establish a link between them while analyzing the characteristics and effects of development patterns in the context and finally a comprehensive and integrated plan for development.
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