تبیین کارکرد ربات های هوشمند در حقوق بین الملل فضایی (مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)
درجه علمی: نشریه علمی (وزارت علوم)
آرشیو
چکیده
حقوق بین الملل فضایی بیش از هر رشتهٔ دیگر حقوق بین الملل، تحت تأثیر فناوری توسعه یافته و حجم زیادی از قواعد و مقررات حقوقی را در خود جای داده است و دشوار است که رشتهٔ دیگری از حقوق بین الملل را بتوان یافت که این چنین وابسته به فناوری باشد. ربات های هوشمند دستگاه های الکترونیکی هستند که قابلیت انجام وظایف خودکار و هوشمندانه را دارند. ربات ها معمولاً قابلیت یادگیری، تصمیم گیری، ارزیابی و انجام وظایف پیچیده بدون نیاز به مداخلهٔ انسانی دارند. این پژوهش، که به روش توصیفی تحلیلی صورت گرفته، تلاش کرده است به این پرسش پاسخ دهد که ربات های هوشمند در حقوق بین الملل فضایی چه کارکردی دارند؟ نتایج پژوهش حاضر نشان داد که با توجه به پیشرفت روزافزون فناوری های فضایی و نیاز به راهکارهای نوین برای حل مسائل حقوقی در این حوزه، استفاده از ربات های هوشمند به عنوان یک فناوری نوین می تواند به بهبود کارکرد حقوق بین الملل فضا کمک کند؛ البته با پیشرفت های فناوری و ورود ربات های هوشمند به فضا، مسائل و چالش های جدیدی پیش روی حقوق بین الملل فضایی قرار گرفته که نیازمند بررسی و تحلیل دقیق است.Explaining the Function of Intelligent Robots in International Space
More than any other field of international law, international space law has been developed under the influence of technology and contains a large number of legal rules and regulations, and it is difficult to find another field of international law that is so dependent on technology. Intelligent robots are electronic devices that have the ability to perform automatic and intelligent tasks. These devices usually have the ability to learn, make decisions, evaluate and perform complex tasks without the need for human intervention. This research, which was carried out in a descriptive-analytical way, has tried to answer the question of what functions do intelligent robots in international space laws? The results of the current research showed that with the advancements in technology and the entry of intelligent robots into space, new issues and challenges have been faced by international space law, which require careful investigation and analysis.
Keywords: International Space Law, Intelligent Robots, Responsibility, Space, Space conventions
1. Introduction
Technological advances can lead to the development of new legal frameworks in the field of space law. For example, with the expansion of systems such as the Internet of Things (IoT) in space, the need for new regulations to manage and monitor these technologies is felt. New technologies can help countries create new international protocols and agreements to manage and monitor space activities, especially in the field of environmental issues and space security. In recent decades, tremendous advances in space technologies have led to a sharp expansion of human activities in space. Such developments have not only created new opportunities for research and development, but also posed numerous challenges in the field of international space law. In particular, with the increase in the number of missions, satellites and other space activities, problems such as space debris, collision risks and the need to establish effective monitoring and judicial systems are clearly felt. The existence of intelligent robots as a new and advanced tool has created hope that the aforementioned challenges can be managed with optimal and efficient solutions. Space technology is a comprehensive term that is defined as technology related to exploration and activity in space and refers to satellite infrastructure and the aerospace industry that are gradually entering human daily life and are used in economic, commercial, social affairs, etc. Modern intelligent space technologies are being developed with the aim of carrying out various space activities such as processing space data and information, removing space debris, extracting natural space resources and exploration without human intervention. Intelligent robots, with their advanced capabilities, enable the performance of diverse and complex activities in different space conditions. However, such advances are also accompanied by many legal issues, which require careful examination and analysis. For this reason, the present study aims to explain the function of intelligent robots in international space law. The research hypothesis is based on the fact that intelligent robots, as a new technology, are capable of strengthening international space law and providing solutions to solve legal challenges related to space activity.
In a study titled “The Use of Artificial Intelligence in Space Technologies in the Field of International Law” by Bazrpach, Hamid and Ranjbar, Khadija (1403), it is stated that technologies such as artificial intelligence can be used in legal and judicial processes. Such tools can help collect and analyze data and accelerate the litigation process. Artificial intelligence and its important subfields such as machine learning and deep learning are considered the hottest areas of study in this field. In another study entitled “International Legal Aspects of the Use of Artificial Intelligence in Space Technologies” written by Kazemi, Hamid (1402), it is stated that modern intelligent space technologies are being developed with the aim of carrying out various space activities such as processing space data and information, removing space debris, extracting natural space resources, and exploration without human intervention. The difference between the aforementioned studies and this article is that these studies do not pay close and direct attention to the category of the function of intelligent robots in international space law. The authors of this study intend to specifically examine the function of intelligent robots in international space law.
2. Methodology
This study is of a theoretical nature, and the research method is descriptive-analytical and the data collection method is library and by referring to books and articles.
3. Results and Discussion
In today’s world, with the expansion of space activities, including satellite launches, exploration missions, and the development of space technologies, the need for a coherent and effective legal framework to manage these activities is strongly felt. This has become a priority, especially in the context of increased tensions and challenges arising from space activities. In this regard, intelligent robots, as innovative and efficient tools, can play a key role and improve the efficiency and effectiveness of legal and regulatory processes in this field. One of the important aspects of the present research is the analysis of the ability of intelligent robots to collect and analyze data related to space activities and the status of space debris. Using advanced technologies, these robots can quickly process a large volume of information and provide accurate and effective feedback to decision-making institutions. Such a feature allows legal institutions to make better decisions based on more accurate and up-to-date information and respond more appropriately to legal disputes surrounding space activities. In addition, the automation of legal processes is another key function of intelligent robots. Using these technologies, it is possible to improve the efficiency of international courts and institutions and significantly reduce the time and costs of litigation. Monitoring space debris is another valuable capacity of intelligent robots in international space law.
4. Conclusions and Future Research
The use of intelligent robots in the implementation of the obligations of states will not only contribute to the goals and principles of the space conventions, but can also lead to the protection of the space environment and the promotion of international cooperation in this global area. States should pay attention to the importance of using such technologies and create legal and technological frameworks appropriate to these developments in order to benefit from the maximum potential of these new tools. Only with such an attitude can intelligent robots help achieve a sustainable and just future for all humanity and protect the Earth and space from threats arising from human activities. In this way, intelligent robots will emerge not only as facilitators in the field of space law, but also as defenders of the space environment and international peace, and will help shape a healthy and safe space in space activities. Intelligent robots allow international bodies and organizations to facilitate legal and judicial processes. By providing impartial and documented information, robots can not only make legal boundaries clearer but also help facilitate the handling of claims and claims in the field of violation of space obligations. Those who investigate these claims can rely on this data and go through legal procedures faster and more accurately. Smart robots have the ability to respond quickly and effectively to violations and act quickly as a match to the infrastructural and legal conditions of different countries. Through the capabilities of these robots, governments can prevent the occurrence of anomalies and ultimately avoid creating any political and diplomatic tension in the field of space activities. Considering the articles in the space conventions, the integration of smart robots as a new tool in the supervisory and enforcement processes can create a tremendous transformation in the field of space activities management and government accountability. The future prospects for the use of intelligent robots in space law clearly show that these technologies can provide new capabilities in various areas, including sovereignty, space debris management, and the establishment of effective judicial systems. For example, technological advances can lead to the creation of dynamic response models and intelligent legal systems that are capable of rapidly analyzing situations and providing immediate legal solutions. Therefore, intelligent robots act as an important tool in the field of international space law and help create an effective, transparent, and accountable legal system.
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